Browsing by Author "Jegede, H. O."
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Item A 30-year Retrospective Laboratory Surveillance of Wildlife Rabies in Nigeria.(Journal of Current Veterinary Research, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat, Egypt, 2022) Tekki, I. S.; Aiyedun, J. O.; Hambolu, E. S.; Chabiri, L.; Davou, J. A.; Oludairo, O. O.; Jegede, H. O.; Nwosuh, C.; Akanbi, O. B.; Daodu, O. B.; Ocholi, R.Rabies is a neglected, fatal zoonotic disease that poses great diagnostic challenge in developing countries. It remains a serious public health hazard in many developing countries where dog bite is the main mode of transmission to man. Accurate laboratory diagnosis of rabies is important in the confirmation of the disease in man and animals. This study was designed to evaluate the existence of rabies in wild animals in Nigeria between 1990 and 2019. Annual records of rabies which were confirmed through laboratory diagnosis at the National Reference Laboratory for rabies in Nigeria, The National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom, Plateau State, were retrieved, analysed and presented using descriptive statistics. A total of Eighty- four (84) wildlife specimens tested for rabies during the period under review, 17 (20.34%) were positive for rabies while 67 (79.76%) were negative. Squirrels (8%) and monkeys (5%) had the highest occurrence of the disease. Thus presenting baseline information on the occurrence of rabies in wildlife in Nigeria.Item Knowledge and Attitude Towards Zoonoses among Workers in Selected Zoological Gardens in Nigeria.(Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Department of Forestry Wildlife and Range Management, University of Agriculture, Makurdi., 2021) Aiyedun, J. O.; Oludairo, O. O.; Jegede, H. O.; Daodu, O. B.; Akanbi, O. B.An exploratory questionnaire-based survey of zoological workers (n=152) was carried out from April 2016 to March 2017 in Ibadan (Oyo State), Ilorin (Kwara State) and Jos (Plateau State), Nigeria to assess local knowledge and attitude towards zoonoses among zoological workers. A combination of closed and open-ended questions, focused group discussions and ranking techniques were employed to gather information on perceptions concerning the type of zoonotic diseases prevalent in the study area, level of risk, mode of transmission and methods of preventing disease transmission from animals to humans. The results revealed that 44.1% of the respondents had good level of awareness about zoonoses. Rabies (99%), tuberculosis (41%), bird flu (47%) and Ebola virus disease (EVD) (44%) were considered the four most common zoonotic diseases in the study area. Among the respondents, 42.1% and 57.2% perceived zoonoses are transmitted by direct contact and attending to sick animals respectively. Constant hand washing was indicated by 45.4% of the respondents as the mode of prevention of zoonoses in the study area. It is necessary that the Government provide the vaccination facility to all the zoological workers against the relevant zoonotic diseases. The level of awareness about the risks associated is needed to improve through proper education, training, and establishment of written infection control policies in the various zoological gardens in the country.Item Surveillance for avian influenza virus in captive wild birds and indigenous chickens in Nigeria(Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Part of Springer Nature, 2020-03) Daodu, O. B.; Jegede, H. O.; Aiyedun, J. O.; Oludairo, O. O.; Olounshola, I. D.; Daodu, O. C.; Ajadi, A.; Ambali, S. F.Several reports of avian influenza virus (AIV) have been made on commercial chickens and wild birds in sub-Saharan Africa, but there is paucity of information of AIV among captive wild birds and indigenous chickens. Blood samples were obtained randomly from captive wild birds and chickens. AIV nucleoprotein antibody detection involved the use of enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and subsequent subtyping with H5 and H7 AIV antigens (haemagglutination inhibition). Four hundred birds belonging to nine families and 14 species were sampled, and overall prevalence of 23% (92/400) was obtained (captive wild birds (10.4%, 5/48), indigenous birds (47.3%, 87/184) and exotic commercial birds (0.0%, 0/168)). Twelve ELISA-positive birds (13.04%) were positive to H7 antigen. Univariate analysis indicated statistical significance of AIV prevalence in captive wild birds (pā<ā0.0001) and exotic birds (pā<ā0.0001) using indigenous chickens as reference. This study gave an evidence of exposure of captive wild birds and indigenous chickens to AIV in Nigeria. Scavenging activities common among indigenously raised chickens, unrestricted movement of nonflying wild birds within the captive complex and free access by migrating wild birds to captive wild birds and local chickens were likely factors observed to promote AIV transmission. Continuous surveillance can further highlight the roles played by these birds in the epidemiology of AIV