Browsing by Author "Ige, O.O."
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Item Borehole inventory, groundwater potential and water quality studies in Ayede Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria(Discover Water, 2021) Ige, O.O.; Ameh, H.O.; Olaleye, I.M.This study aims at determining the state of government provided boreholes, evaluating groundwater potential and quality assessment within the Ayede Ekiti community. 12 Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were conducted using Schlumberger array in order to determine geoelectric layers and fracture attributes. Also, 12 water samples were collected from the study area to evaluate physicochemical characteristics of the groundwater. The study revealed average values of total depth of boreholes, static water levels and water column in the boreholes to be 18.77 m, 6.77 m and 11.99 m respectively. 70% of the boreholes are either abandoned, damaged or with evidence of corrosion and encrustation. Geophysical investigation revealed weathered layer thickness ranging from 1.3 to 34.7 m with two regimes of fracture at 40–50 and 75–80 m. The frequency of curve types obtained shows 16.67%, 33.33%, 25%, 8.33%, 8.33% and 8.33% for AK, HA, KH, AA, QH and HK respectively while weathered and fractured basement are identifed as the two types of aquifer unit. Results of water analysis unveiled that dominance cations are in order Ca2+ >Na+ >K+ >Mg2+while anions are in the order of HCO3− >Cl− >SO4 2−. Three types of hydrochemical facies present are CaHCO3>NaHCO3>CaCl in 66.67%, 25% and 8.33% respectively. The Wilcox plot suggests the suitability of the groundwater samples for irrigation purposes when compared with the World Health Organization standards. Despite potential for groundwater and good quality of analyzed samples, the problem of water in this community istraceable to inadequacy in exploration, shallow boreholes with consequent seasonal water availabilityItem Characterization of aquifers in Offa and environs, southwestern Nigeria, and implications on productivity(Water Utility Journal, E.W. Publications, 2021) Ige, O.O.; Abegunde, Y.C.; Olaleye, I.M.Borehole water is currently the most important source of water both for irrigation and domestic uses due to limitations such as inconsistency in availability and impaired quality associated with other sources of water. However, efficiency of boreholes is dependent on several factors that vary in space. 30 boreholes within Offa and environs have been evaluated with a view of determining their properties and relate them with borehole efficiency, establishing regional classification of boreholes and defining groundwater flow pattern(s). This was achieved through analysis of drilling and pumping test data of existing boreholes. 30 Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were conducted using Schlumberger array in order to determine geoelectric layers and fracture attributes. Geophysical investigation revealed three to four geoelectric layers which are inferred to be sand, laterite, weathered aquifer, and basement rocks. The frequency of curve types obtained are KH (50.00%), H (36.67%), QH (10.00%), and K (3.33%). Results of borehole aquifer characteristics showed that the depth of well varies from 23.86 - 46.17 m, static water level ranges from 2.04 -11.22 m, discharge rate varies from 15.74 - 93.57 m3/day and drawdown varies from 3.5 - 19.98 m. Pumping test results revealed that transmissivity vary from 0.33 m2/day to 19.45 m2/day, with an average value of 2.84 m2/day, indicating aquifer of negligible to high potentials, hydraulic conductivity value vary from 1.13x10-2 m/day to 1.0x10-1 m/day, while the specific capacity value ranges from 1.07 m3/day/m to 21.89 m3/day/m which shows that the performance of boreholes in the study area varies from good to moderate. From the statistical evaluation, it was inferred that there are strong relationships between the following pairs of parameters; specific capacity and discharge, drawdown and depth of borehole, hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity. Pearson’s correlation revealed that specific capacity against drawdown has a negative correlation which suggests an inverse relationship between the parameters.Item Effect of Seasonal Variation on Physicochemical Properties of Shallow Groundwater in a Typical Basement Complex Terrain of Nigeria(Al-Hikmah Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences, 2015) Ige, O.O.; Oredipe, I.M.; Ogunsanwo, O.Analyses of Sixty-nine (69) groundwater samples have been carried out. This was aimed at evaluating major ions and their origin; establishing hydro-chemical facies and determining the suitability of groundwater in a typical basement complex terrain for drinking and irrigation purposes. Hydrochemical analyses revealed ionic dominance in the order of Ca2+>Mg2+ during the wet season and Ca2+>Mg2+>Na++K+ in the dry season. The pattern of dominance of the major anions is HCO3 ->Cl->SO4 2- for both seasons which is an indication of change in seasonal effect. Physical evaluation revealed that pH, turbidity and colour are higher in order of degree of pollution at the wet season than dry season while other parameters are higher during dry season. The hydrochemical facies of groundwater during dry season were found to be CaHCO3, (Ca+Mg)Cl, CaCl and NaCl while only CaHCO3 and (Ca+Mg)Cl are present during wet season. The source of the ions in the waters were examined and classified accordingly as rock weathering dominance. Correlation exists among major cations and Total Dissolved Solid with average positive correlation coefficients of 0.71 and 0.49 for wet and dry seasons respectively, which is a clear indication of the contribution of these ionic components to the overall mineralization. Results however showed that the water resources are suitable for drinking and irrigation as at the time of study when compared with Standards.Item Effects of Leachate Contamination on Some Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil(Ilorin Journal of Science, 2016) Ige, O.O.; Olaleye, I.M.; Iheme, O.K.This paper presents the geotechnical properties of artificially leachate-contaminated and uncontaminated soils in order to study the effects of the contaminant on the soils’ behavior when used for engineering purposes. 4 portions of lateritic soil samples were artificially contaminated with 5, 10 and 20% leachate and respective geotechnical properties were determined. Results showed that leachate contamination proportionally increased the Atterberg limits and permeability values for all contaminated soils, but decreases in compaction parameters. For compaction tests, maximum dry density decreased from 15.9kN/m3 in the control sample to 14.4kN/m3 in contaminated soil at 20% leachate concentration. The coefficient of permeability values increased with increase in leachate content. It was observed that addition of leachate has adverse reducing effects on the strength and hydraulic properties of the contaminated residual soil. Thus, use of leachate-contaminated soils in geotechnical engineering works should be avoided since it is inimical to life, money and properties.Item Effects of Leachate Contamination on Some Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Soil.(Published by Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., 2016) Ige, O.O.; Olaleye, I.M.; Iheme, K.O.This paper presents the geotechnical properties of artificially leachate-contaminated and uncontaminated soils in order to study the effects of the contaminant on the soils’ behavior when used for engineering purposes. 4 portions of lateritic soil samples were artificially contaminated with 5, 10 and 20% leachate and respective geotechnical properties were determined. Results showed that leachate contamination proportionally increased the Atterberg limits and permeability values for all contaminated soils, but decreases in compaction parameters. For compaction tests, maximum dry density decreased from 15.9kN/m3 in the control sample to 14.4kN/m3 in contaminated soil at 20% leachate concentration. The coefficient of permeability values increased with increase in leachate content. It was observed that addition of leachate has adverse reducing effects on the strength and hydraulic properties of the contaminated residual soil. Thus, use of leachate-contaminated soils in geotechnical engineering works should be avoided since it is inimical to life, money and properties.Item Environmental impact assessment of artisanal mining in parts of Isin LGA, southwestern Nigeria(Water Utility Journal, E.W. Publications, 2022) Ige, O.O.; Jerry, A.Y.; Olaleye, I.M.Impact of artisanal mining in parts of Isin LGA, southwestern Nigeria was carried out to ascertain the level of degradation to the immediate environment. Samples from rocks, mines tailings, mine ponds water and rivers and groundwater from immediate community were analysed to assess concentration of elements in the media. Rocks of the study area consist mostly of schist, amphibolite, quartzites and pegmatites. Field relationship revealed that schist and amphibolite were intruded by pegmatites and quartzites thus forming foliations whose major trends are NNESSW and eastward dip direction. Petrographic studies show that the dominant minerals are quartz, biotite, plagioclase, microcline, hornblende, orthoclase and opaque minerals. Geochemistry of the solid media revealed average abundance in order of Fe>Mg>K>Ca>Na>Mn>Cu>Zn>Ni, whereas pollution assessment indices using enrichment ratio revealed that the area is unpolluted. Hydrochemical facies of the water using Piper’s diagram show that majority of the samples belong to Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3- +CO32- with dominance of Ca2++Mg2+ over Na+ +K+ as well as HCO3- +CO32- over SO42- +Cl- while Gibbs diagram indicated an interplay of rock-precipitation dominance. Assessment for irrigation purposes using sodium and magnesium hazards, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, Kelley’s ratio and Wilcox Plot revealed the suitability. Though concentrations of evaluated parameters indicated low level degree of pollution, continuous opening of mining sites for exploitation and consequence reactions with water bodies may spike up the level of concentration of base metals in the surface and groundwater with resultant great threat to health of plants, animals and humans.Item Geophysical, Geotechnical and Mineralogical studies of a section along Ilorin-Lokoja highway, Southwestern Nigeria(Minna Journal of Geosciences, 2020) Ige, O.O.; Kuforiji, S.O.; Olaleye, I.M.The rate of road fai lure and elevated cost of quality materials used in civil engineering construction has led to the need for investigation of naturally occurring local soils as alternative material in construction industries. This research used geophysical, geotechnical and mineralogical approaches to investigate the condition of soils from failed portions along Ilorin-Lokoja Federal Highway with respect to identifying causes of failure and assessing the natural neighbouring soils as suitable base/sub-base course material. Results of five Vertical Electrical Soundings conducted on critically failed portions of the road show low resistivity values near the surface, suggesting the presence of clay and elevated moisture resulting in oversaturation of the top soil thus leading to failure of that portion of the road. Mineralogical and chemical analyses revealed the absence of high-level swelling clays, dominance of "true laterite" with high concentration of Fe203 as cementing agent. Low plasticity from geotechnical stud ies revealed the presence and influence of clay on the integrity of the samples. The samples possess low linear shrinkage values which suggest little potential to shrink or swell when exposed to alternating weather condition . They are poorly graded soils, suggesting un iform grain sizes. The samples generally present parabol ic shape during compaction which is an ind ication of "workability" if used as in-situ construction material. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values ind icate good ratings and are fairly suitable as base and sub-base material in road construction . Overall, geotechnical evaluations revealed that the sample can only function effectively as subgrade material except in few (~30%) where the soils can serve as sub-base course i n pavement construction. Generally, the tested soils possess properties which make them fairly suitable for road construction. However, changes in climatic factor and state of drainage system must be critically considered to ensure a better road network.Item Groundwater potential and aquifer characterization within Unilorin campus, Ilorin, Southwestern Nigeria, using integrated electrical parameters(International Journal of Energy and Water Resources, 2021) Ige, O.O.; Adunbarin, O.O.; Olaleye, I.M.Electrical resistivity investigation was carried out at diferent sections of University of Ilorin main campus, Ilorin Southwestern Nigeria with the aim of evaluating groundwater potential and properties of the aquifers. Data were acquired at diferent locations using vertical electrical sounding (VES) method. Hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, transverse unit resistance, longitudinal conductance, fracture contrast and refection coefcient were estimated and used for evaluating the groundwater potential and aquifer vulnerability. The results revealed three–fve geo-electric layers which correspond to the top soil, lateritic layer, weathered rock layer, fractured rock layer and the fresh basement rock. The top soil has apparent resistivity values ranging from 72.0 to 8117.3 Ωm and thickness range of 0.4–1.6 m while the last geo-electric layer is the infnite fresh basement having apparent resistivity greater than 300 Ωm. The VES curve types obtained are KH, H, A, AKH, HKH and HA with the H curve type covering about 50% of the study area. Aquifers in most part of the study areas are prone to contamination because of low protective capacity of the overburden material. Low groundwater potential covers about 56.79% of the total area and limited to northwestern corner, parts of the north, southwest and northeast. High potential for groundwater was observed at the eastern, northern and southern part of the study area covering about 12.35%. All areas that have thick overburden, high transmissivity, low fracture contrast and refection coefcient are characterized by intense fracture. These areas are recommended for exploration for water at optimum yield.Item Groundwater Potential Evaluation in the University of Ilorin Main Campus, Southwestern Nigeria, Using Multisensory Data Techniques(Water Resources, Nigerian Association of Hydrogeologists, 2020) Olasehinde, P.I.; Ige, O.O.; Fatoye, V.O.; Olaleye, I.M.This study, has adopted multi-data sets results, first on a regional scale to depict the structural fabric of Ilorin sheet 223 and then at chosen locations within the University of Ilorin Main Campus which is made up of the Basement Complex rocks. From the remote sensing map; Ilorin sheet 223 structural trend has been divided into two: the NE-SW and the NW-SE structural trends. The aeromagnetic anomalies divide the rocks in Ilorin into metamorphic (low to medium magnetic intensity) and igneous (high magnetic intensity) rocks. The resistivity data interpretation reveals the weathered basement in Ilorin to range from 5 to 20m and the first fracture regime ranging from 20m to 45m. The radial sounding results reveal the structural trend to be NW-SE and NE-SW with interconnection of joints. The radial sounding shows the rock types to be quartzitic, clayey and igneous as judged from the near hexagonal and elongated shapes of the polygons. The results indicated a good agreement between the trends of fractures derived from the radial VES and that from the lineament maps. Areas with low bedrock resistivity, thick overburden, presence of two or more interconnected fractures and high co-efficient of anisotropy indicate intense fracturing, thus, indicate areas of high groundwater potentiality.Item Preliminary Health Risk Assessment in Relation to Some Trace Elements in Ogunpa River, South-Western Nigeria(LAUTECH Journal of Civil and Environmental Studies, 2021) Omotoso, O.A.; Ojo, O.J.; Ige, O.O.; Olaleye, I.M.; Adewoye, O.A.; Olelewe, M.C.Ogunpa River receives municipal and industrial waste discharge from its catchments and these have depleted the quality of the water. Hence, this research examines the preliminary environmental impacts and health implications of some trace elements in the water using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) laboratory technique. Average values of Al, Ba, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb are above the recommended limits of WHO. The CF showed that the trace elements varied from considerable contamination factor to very high contamination factor and the degree of 4contamination varied from 1023 to 11640. The hazard quotient computed for the adults is generally less than unity except Pb that has average value of 1.27. In children, the computed hazard quotient on the average ranges from 0.000572 to 4.04. Al, As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd have their average values less than unity respectively, while Fe, Mn and Pb has their average values greater than one. The Hazard Index (HI) in adults and children are greater than one. Carcinogenic risk assessment was computed for Cr, Pb and Cd which was greater than 10-6 in children and adult. Only Cd in adult was less than the prescribed limit of 10-6. Effort should be made to checkmate indiscriminate dumping of refuse and sewages into the water body as these could serve as pollutants to other adjourning rivers and main water bodies. In conclusion, the water is not fit for domestic, agricultural and probably industrial uses because of its health implications on consumption