Browsing by Author "Ibrahim Munirudeen"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Item
    Antihypertensive Potential of Azadirachta indica Methanolic Leaf Extract in Salt-induced Hypertensive Rat Model
    (Anatomical Society of Nigeria, 2025-02-09) Lawal Abubakar Zubair; Ibrahim Munirudeen; Oluseyi Omotayo Divine; Olalekan Salaudeen Fatai; Saka Saheed Olanrewaju; Aina Kareem Mutiat; Olorukooba Halima Omolara; Oludele Oriire; Abdulraheem Hamzat; David Kehinde Busuyi; Folorunso Kolade Pelumi Idunnuoluwa; Jimoh-Abdulghaffaar Hidaayah Oluwamayowa
    Hypertension is a condition arising from persistently elevated blood pressure, leading to severe complications, including death. Factors such as high salt consumption and family history predispose individuals to hypertension. Azadirachta indica (AI) has shown potential in reducing high blood pressure, irregular heart rhythms, and abnormal heartbeats. This study aimed to assess the antihypertensive effect of Azadirachta indica methanolic leaf extract (AIMLE) on salt-induced hypertension in albino rats. The study involved 25 healthy male albino rats (150 - 250g), divided into five groups (A-E, n=5). Group A received normal salt feed and water (vehicle), group B received high-salt feed (HSF), group C received HSF and 500 mg/kg AIMLE, group D received HSF and 1000 mg/kg AIMLE, and group E received HSF and 10 mg/kg Nifedipine. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were measured using the tail cuff method. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) levels were analyzed using ELISA methods. Nitric Oxide, Potassium, Bicarbonate, and Sodium were assayed using the colorimetric method. Administration of HSF caused a significant (p <0.05) progressive increase in SBP and DBP after 8 weeks when compared with the normal control. However, treatment with the serial doses of AIMLE resulted in a significant (p <0.05) dose dependent decrease in SBP, DBP and serum nitric oxide concentrations as well as decrease in serum levels of ACE, ADH, potassium, bicarbonate, and sodium ions when compared with untreated HSF group, after 8 weeks. These findings suggest that Azadirachta indica leaf extract may offer a natural remedy for managing hypertension.
  • Item
    Effects of Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Annona muricata on some Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats
    (Nigeria Journal Of Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 2022-03-31) Abubakar Z. Lawal; Abdulrahim, A. Halima; Yusuf A. Iyanda; Ibrahim Munirudeen; Sanni, Adekunle A.
    Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of multiple etiologies characterized by high blood sugar levels. The management of diabetes is taken as a global problem and curative treatment is yet to be uncovered. The leaf, root and bark of Annona muricata have been reportedly used locally as an antidiabetic agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethylacetate leaf extract of Annona muricata (AMLE) on selected enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in diabetic rat model. Twenty male rats weighing 180 to 220 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Groups A and B were non-diabetic and diabetic rats respectively, treated with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide saline respectively. Groups C and D were diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt) AMLE and 5 mg/kg b.wt glibenclamide respectively for 14 days. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of 45 mg/kg b.wt streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally. Rats with blood glucose values above 13.9 mmol/l 48 hours after STZ injection were considered diabetic. Animals were sacrificed on day 15 and hepatic activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were assayed. The levels of hepatic lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucokinase activities in AMLE treated diabetic rats were significantly (p˂0.05) reduced compared to untreated diabetic rats. However, the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was only slightly inhibited in the diabetic rats treated with AMLE. Ethylacetate leaf extract of A. muricata inhibited the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in this study. These findings partially support the use of this plant in the treatment of diabetes.
  • Item
    Histological Changes and Lipid Profile Analysis in Male Rats Exposed High Fat Diet
    (International Journal of Basic and Clinical Toxicology, 2022) Ibrahim Munirudeen; Lawal Abubakar Z; Ogunwale Kola A,; Falusi Titilope A; Garuba Wasiu O,; Popoola Abdulgafar N; Adunmo Godwin.O,; Suleiman Ibrahim E; Busari Akeem O,; Balogun Musbau O; Nuhu Abdulrasak
    Abstract Background: High Fat Diet (HFD) is associated with development of cardiovascular, metabolic, liver and central nervous system diseases. The study is aimed at evaluating the effects of high fat diets on lipid profile and selected organs in male wistar rats. Methodology: 24 rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups. Group A received Normal Rat Chow diet + Distilled Water (DW), Group B fed 25% HFD + DW, Group C fed with 50% HFD + DW and Group D fed 100% HFD + DW. Animal’s weights were measured pre and post-treatment. Rats were anaesthetized (diethylether) and sacrificed after 12 hours fast. The blood samples taken from the orbital sinus, centrifuged and serum obtained was used for the assay of lipoprotein A, Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). The brain, liver and heart were excised and processed for histology. Results: Result showed the presence of a significant dose dependent increase (p < 0. 0 5) in the body weight, concentrations of TC, TAG, LDL, lipoprotein A and decrease in the concentrations of HDL in HFD groups compared with the control. Histological results from HFD treated rats have showed no histological abnormalities of the liver, brain and heart tissues. Conclusion: Intake of high fat diets in this study altered serum lipid profile with significant weight gain - a risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Keywords: High Fat Diet, Lipid profile, Lipoprotein A, Histological Changes