Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, H. K.,"
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Item Assessment of Physico-Mechanical Properties of Clay Deposits in Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State Nigeria for Industrial Applications.(Journal of Research Information in Civil Engineering. Published by Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria., 2019-02) Shuaib-Babata, Y. L.,; Ambali, I. O.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Ajao, K. S.,; Elakhame, Z. U.,; Aremu, N. I.; Odeniyi, O. M.Adequate information about the properties of most available clay materials in Nigeria is necessary to enhance their industrial applications. Availability of this information will adversely reduce importation of refractory materials and its products into the country, since the mineral resources are abundantly available in the country. This study evaluated the chemical and physico-mechanical properties of some selected clay deposits across the three districts of Asa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State to ascertain their suitability for refractory and other industrial applications. The results revealed that the clay samples were mainly alumina-silica based with silica and alumina concentrations of 47.30 – 58.50% and 32.75 – 34.30% respectively. The physico-mechanical properties exhibited by the clay samples included: clay content (33.80-72.20%), linear shrinkage (6.10-9.80%), moisture content (21.00-33.00%), bulk density (1.99 - 2.87 g/cm3), apparent porosity (21.00-37.00%), permeability (73-94), compressive strength (213-840 N/mm2), thermal shock resistance (+29 cycles), specific gravity (2.18-2.52) and refractoriness (>1300oC). The properties were within the required standard values which make the clays suitable for insulating materials, refractories for low-medium thermal applications and manufacturing of ceramics. Though, Afon, Bakase and Ballah clay samples may require the addition of organic matter to enhance the clays’ suitability for applications that may require a higher value of porosity and permeability and low density. Effective utilization of Asa L.G.A. clays will help to domesticate the production of refractory products and enhance the establishment of Small and Medium Scale Foundry Enterprises in Nigeria in addressing the problem of unemployment.Item Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Thermally Dried Galvanized Roofing Sheets Production Process.(Published by University Politehnica Timisoara, Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara , 5, Revolutiei, 331128, Hunedoara, Romania., 2020-02-01) Ohijeagbon, I. O.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Adewuyi, O. A.; Fayomi, A. A.Energy and exergy analysis of a thermally dried galvanized roofing sheets production plant was investigated. Data related to the operating units of the plant were analysed and used for the parametric analysis of the energy and exergy performance of the plant. The highest energy efficiency experienced in the pre- curing operation was in the pre-mixing and mixing operating units with a value of 90.91% each. The energy efficiency in the boiler and autoclave units of the curing operations were found to be 78.02 and 82.04% respectively. The boiler had a higher exergy efficiency of 58.31% compared to the autoclave with an exergy efficiency of 19.06%. The parametric analysis of the autoclave shows that the energy efficiency and exergy destruction both increased from 75.33 to 84.71% and from 54.72 to 95.70% as the exit temperature reduced from 100 to 30oC, while the exergy efficiency reduced from 45.28 to 4.30% within the same exit temperature range. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the plant were obtained as 80.03% and 42.13%. The method provides an approach to mitigate operational losses and enhance efficient utilization of energy of thermally dried galvanized roofing sheets production plants and similar industrial processes.Item Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Oyun River (Ilorin) Moulding Sand.(Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State Nigeria., 2019-06-13) Shuaib-Babata, Y. L.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Ajao, K. S.,; Ambali, I. O.; Bello, M. O.Inadequate information on available natural moulding sands in Nigeria resulted to the use of the sand for casting without recourse to their suitability. This practice resulted to poor casting quality and underdevelopment of Nigerian foundry industry. In this study, the properties of Oyun natural moulding sand were evaluated to determine its suitability for sand casting. The chemical and physico -mechanical properties of the sand samples were examined using America Foundrymen’s Society (AFS) guidelines. The results of the chemical analysis showed that the sand contained SiO₂and, Al₂O₃from 84.49 to 84.58% and 7.17 to 7.22% respectively, with smaller proportions of other elements such as NaO₂and K₂O, CaO, Fe₂O₃, MgO and TiO₂. The physico-mechanical properties of the sand were clay content (14.96 -15.79 %), moisture content (8.15 –8.48%), grain fineness number (83.40 –89.24), green compressive strength (77.31 –79.73 KN/m²), dry compressive strength (200.24 –214.65 KN/m²) and refractoriness (above 1300°C). These results were within the AFS standard recommendation values for non-ferrous metal casting. Hence, Oyun moulding sand was found suitable as mould sand for various types of casting of metals like grey steel, aluminum, bronze, brass and light steels. Effective utilization of this sand for foundry applications will help to improve the economy of Nigeria and subsequently aid in reducing social problems as result of unemploymentItem Hardness and Tensile Properties of Prophylactic Knee Brace Produced from Cow bone and Periwinkle Shell Composites.(Published by Deer Hill Publications, B-19-06 PV8, Platinum Hill Condominium Jalan Melati Utama, 53100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia., 2019-06-20) Abdulkareem, S.,; Adekaye, T. A.,; Abdulrahim, A. T.; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L.,; Ajiboye, T. K.,; Ahmed, I. I.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Adebisi, J. A.; Yahaya, T.Application of reinforced aluminium scrap for the production of prophylactic knee brace (Pkb) particularly with agrowaste materials is rarely available. In this work, hardness and tensile properties of aluminium alloy (Al 6063) straps reinforced with cow bone (Cb) and periwinkle shell (Ps) for the production of Pkb were investigated. The Cb and Ps sourced were cleaned and the Cb was sun-dried for 4 weeks before crushing with Denver laboratory Ball mill (Model: 48-D0500/Q). The Ps was also crushed, sun-dried for 7 days and treated in the oven (Model SDO/225) at 110 oC for 30 minutes to remove moisture. The particle size of 75 µm was used to cast six (6) each of aluminium/cowbone (Al/Cb) and aluminium/periwinkle shell (Al/Ps) composites. The cast aluminium composites of Pkb and original Pkb were investigated for density, hardness, and tensile properties. It was observed that addition of Cb and Ps in the cast Pkb gave a density of 2.68 g/cm3 and 2.60 g/cm3 respectively. The average values of hardness and tensile strength obtained were 41.18 BHN and 135.88 MPa respectively when Ps was added to the cast aluminium Pkb, while addition of Cb gave harness values of 40.45 BHN and tensile strength of 134.63 MPa.Item Inhibitive Potential of Prosopis Africana on Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel in 1M Hydrochloric Acid Medium.(Published by Deer Hill Publications, B-19-06 PV8, Platinum Hill Condominium Jalan Melati Utama, 53100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia., 2019-06-20) Shuaib–Babata, Y. L.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Ambali, I. O.,; Yahya, R. A.,; Ajao, K. S.,; Aremu, N. I.,; Pelumi, A. A.Recently, there is quest for the use of inexpensive, non-toxic, non-biodegradable, readily available and environmentally acceptable corrosion inhibitor. Studies have shown that these properties could be achieved through the use of plants as inhibitor. Inhibiting effect of Prosopis Africana(Iron Tree) seed extracts were assessed on a sample of low carbon steel in 1M HCl with varying proportion of the seed extract using gravimetric, Tafel polarization and gasometrical measurement techniques. The results show that weight loss/corrosion rate decreases with increase in the extracts’ concentrations. Good inhibiting efficiency of Prosopis Africanaextracts with optimum inhibiting efficiency of 97.7% at 1.0 g/l after 120 hours exposure in gravimetric measurement was attained. TAFEL polarization results revealed that the Prosopis Africanaextract shows that the corrosion current density decreases with the increase in the concentration of the extract. The extractis found suitable as green inhibitor for corrosion of low carbon steel in the studied medium.Item Production of Abrasive Sandpaper using Periwinkle Shells and Crab Shells.(Published by Deer Hill Publications, B-19-06 PV8, Platinum Hill Condominium Jalan Melati Utama, 53100 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia., 2020-06-30) Ambali, I. O.; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L.,; Abdulqadir, L. B.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Aremu, N. I.; Ibraheem, T. O.In this study, the properties of periwinkle shell and crab shell grains, such as hardness, compressive strength and wear resistancewere examinedfor their suitability as abrasive materials. The binding effect of polyester resin at high concentrationwas also considered. Through the processof crushing, grinding and subsequently sieving using ASTM E11 set of sieves, the shells were processedinto grit standards grain sizes of P40 and P60. Furthermore, by mixing and mould compression using a hydraulic press polymer matrix composite with particles varying from 96 wt.% to 92 wt.% and resin 3 wt.% to 7 wt.% with 1 wt.% each of cobalt naphthalene and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide hardenerrespectively were developedfrom the grits. It was found that, with an increase in polyester resin content, thehardness and compressive strength increased, while the wear rate decreased. The composition with 92 wt.% periwinkle shell grains to 7 wt.% polyester resin was found to be with the most improved abrasive properties.Item Suitability of Cow Horn as Filler in an Epoxy Composite,(Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria., 2019) 7. Ambali, I. O.; Shuaib-babata, Y. L.,; Alasi, T. O.,; Aremu, I. N.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Elakhame, Z. U.,; Abdulraman, S. O.This study focuses on assessment of cow horn as filler in an epoxy composite. A particle-reinforced composite was developed using horn particles (HP) and epoxy resin with filler of varying percentage weight (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%. 25%, 30%, 35%, 40 %) at particle sizes of 100 and 150 μm. The composites were developed by hand lay-up technique with varying process parameters. The properties of the developed composites were examined through tensile, flexural and impact tests. The results showed that the tensile properties of the polymers reduced with the incorporation of the cow horn as filler. But at higher curing temperature, a better strength was achieved. Meanwhile, the flexural and impact properties of the polymers increased with the incorporation of the fiber in no particular order. The composite materials with particle size of 100 μm with curing temperature of 80oC exhibited higher tensile (37.58 MPa) and impact properties (74 J) than the lower particles. Generally, the cow horn was found to be a good potential filler in the composite if prepared using higher curing temperature as exhibited through its mechanical properties.Item Suitability of some Selected Ado-Ekiti (Nigeria) Natural Molding Sands’ Properties for Sand Casting.(Faculty of Engineering, Covenant University, Ota Nigeria., 2017) Shuaib-Babata, Y. L.,; Yaru, S. S.,; Abdulkareem, S.,; Ajayi, S.,; Busari, Y. O.,; Ajao, K. S.,; Ibrahim, H. K.,; Ambali, I. O.; Mohammed, G. A.In achieving accelerated and sustaining economic growth and development in Nigeria, there is need for domestication of finished goods production through sustainable industrialization. Foundry technology is one of the vital bases for rapid industrial development of any nation. Samples of moulding sand at green state were collected from four different moulding sand deposits within Ado-Ekiti in Nigeria. The samples were prepared using ASTM and British standards, while the materials’ Physico-mechanical properties were evaluated using American Foundry Society (AFS) guidelines. The results obtained from the tests were compared with the AFS’s satisfactory mould sand properties for various types of metal castings. The sand samples were found to meet the requirements for casting various metals of different types like Aluminum, brass and bronze, light and malleable iron, light and medium grey iron, except heavy steel. The presence of red oxide in the sands and the specimens’ higher compressive strength values show that the natural sands will be suitable for casting of non- ferrous metal of low temperature. Effective application of the sample sands in casting will also enhance industrialization, job creation and the nation self-reliance through reduction in importation of foundry sand and foundry products into the country.