Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, A."

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
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    A Computational Approach for The Use of Phytocompounds as a Drug Candidate Against Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
    (ILORIN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, 2024) Aliyu, A.; David, S. M.; Olufadi Ahmed, H. Y.; Aroyehun, M. A.; Ibrahim, A.; Mohammed, N; Olowo-okere, A.
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    Assessment of Premarital Sex, Causes Among Undergraduates of the University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Arts and Education, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria., 2021-03) Ologele, I; Nasirat, E. B.; Ibrahim, A.; Tawakalitu, K. I; Joseph, A. S.
    Undergraduates who engage in pre-marital sex inside and outside the school campuses are on the increase every day. This study investigates assessment of pre-marital sex, and causes among undergraduates the University of Ilorin. The purpose of the study was to assess whether peer group influence, mass media or poverty causes premarital sex among undergraduates in the University of Ilorin. The descriptive research design of survey type was used for the study. The population of the study comprised of all undergraduates reside school halls within the University of Ilorin. A multi-stage sampling technique which comprises of simple, proportionate and convenience sampling procedures were used to select two hundred and thirty (230) respondents out of participants in the ten undergraduates resident in the hostels as participants in the study. Researchers structured questionnaire was used. The reliability of the instrument established through test-retest method. The coefficient obtained was r = 0.83. Inferential statistics of chi-square was used to test the hypotheses developed for the study at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study indicated that peer group influence, mass media and poverty are major causes for pre-marital sex (92.83> 21.03, 90.57 > 21.03 and 88.14 >21.03). The researchers concluded that peer group influence, mass media and poverty are major factors responsible for premarital sex among undergraduates in the University of Ilorin. The researchers recommend that the government should improve the economic condition of Nigerian citizens by provision of sufficient funds for education/facilities in all Nigerian secondary and tertiary institutions to reduce the financial problem faced by students in schools due to low financial support from their parents.
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    Dichlorvos Induced AChE Inhibition in Discrete Brain Regions and the Neuro-Cognitive Implications: Ameliorative Effect of Nigella Sativa.
    (Arak University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the Iranian Society of Toxicology., 2017) Imam, A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Abdulmajeed, W. I.; Alli-Oluwafuyi, A.; Amin, A.; Ibrahim, A.; Gwadabe, S.; Poopola, N. A.
    Background: There has been a rise in accidental poisoning cases resulting from the indiscriminate use and exposure to Dichlorvos (DDVP), especially in developing countries, and no antidote with satisfactory efficacy is currently available. Thus, we investigated the AChE reactivation potential of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) following DDVP induced AChE inhibition patterns in the brain and the associated cognitive implications. Methods: Fourty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each.; The controls were administered PBS (1 ml/kg); DDVP (8.8 mg/kg) was given to the experimental group I; while DDVP+NSO (8.8 mg/kg + 1 ml/kg) and NSO (1 ml/kg) was administered orally to the experimental groups II and III respectively. All treatments lasted for 14 consecutive days. Morris Water Maze (MWM) paradigm was used to assess the working memory, then rats were euthanized, the brain excised, three brains were fixed for histological examination (Nissl staining), and the other seven brains were homogenized for AChE activity and Ca2+ concentrations. Data were analyzed statistically, using ANOVA method and P values of ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: In this study, DDVP differentially inhibited AChE activities in various brain regions: cerebellum (86.1%), hippocampus (40.6%), frontal cortex (33.2%), medulla (21.5%), spinal cord (14.8%), and occipital cortex (8.9%). It reduced Ca2+ concentration, but had no effect on the delayed escape latency in the MWM, nor impaired the neuroarchitectures. NSO caused increased AChE activities, Ca2+ concentration and reduced escape latency, and improved histologic architectures. Conclusion: We concluded that NSO reactivated DDVP-induced AChE inhibition and improved memory indices, thus, it may serve as a potential treatment in the management of DDVP poisoning cases.
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    Dichlorvos induced oxidative and neuronal responses in rats: mitigative efficacy of Nigella sativa (black cumin)
    (Physiological Society of Nigeria, 2018) Adana, M. Y.; Imam, A.; Ogunniyi, A.; Ibrahim, A.; Abdulmajeed, W. I.; Oyewole, L. A.; Lawan, A. H.; Sulaimon, F. A.; Ajao, M. S.
    Poisoning from Organophosphates (OPs), especially Dichlorvos (DDVP) has become endemic due to the increasing use in house hold and agricultural pests control, with most marked effects in the nervous system. However, it is evidenced that natural antioxidants are efficacious against OPs toxicity. Thus, this study investigated the possible antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in Dichlovos (DDVP) induced oxidative and neuronal damages in Wistar rats. DDVP was administered at sub-chronic daily dosage of 8.8 mg/kg.bw for 7 days and a post-administration of NSO at 1 ml/kg.bw for the subsequent 7 days. The rats were euthanized on the 15thday, blood sample collected via cardiac puncture, centrifuged and the plasma used for biochemical analysis of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the frontal, occipital and cerebellar cortices and the medulla were removed for histomorphological examinations. The results showed significant (P≤0.05) decrease in plasma TAC and GSH, while a significant (P≤0.05) increase in ROS was recorded, and some vacuolation around the neurons especially in the frontal and cerebellar cortices following DDVP exposure. However, post treatment with NSO was observed to be efficacious in the recovery of the oxidative activities and the neuro-architectural integrities. Thus, it can be concluded that the antioxidant capacity of NSO could be efficacious against OPs induced oxidative damages, especially in dichlorvos accidents.
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    Dichlorvos induced oxidative and neuronal responses in rats; mitigative efficacy of Nigella sativa (black cumin)
    (2018) Imam, A.; Ogunniyi, A.; Ibrahim, A.; Abdulmajeed, W.I.; Oyewole, L.A.; Lawan, A.H.; Sulaimon, F.A.; Adana, M.Y.; Ajao M.S
    Poisoning from Organophosphates (OPs), especially Dichlorvos (DDVP) has become endemic due to the increasing use in house hold and agricultural pests control, with most marked effects in the nervous system. However, it is evidenced that natural antioxidants are efficacious against OPs toxicity. Thus, this study investigated the possible antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in Dichlovos (DDVP) induced oxidative and neuronal damages in Wistar rats. DDVP was administered at sub-chronic daily dosage of 8.8 mg/kg.bw for 7 days and a post-administration of NSO at 1 ml/kg.bw for the subsequent 7 days. The rats were euthanized on the 15thday, blood sample collected via cardiac puncture, centrifuged and the plasma used for biochemical analysis of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the frontal, occipital and cerebellar cortices and the medulla were removed for histo morphological examinations. The results showed significant (P≤0.05) decrease in plasma TAC and GSH, while a significant (P≤0.05) increase in ROS was recorded, and some vacuolation around the neurons especially in the frontal and cerebellar cortices following DDVP exposure. However, post treatment with NSO was observed to be efficacious in the recovery of the oxidative activities and the neuro-architectural integrities. Thus, it can be concluded that the antioxidant capacity of NSO could be efficacious against OPs induced oxidative damages, especially in dichlorvos accidents.
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    Health Communication through Socio-Emotional Wellbeing as Predictor for Successful Healthcare Delivery among People in Oyo Town
    (Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria., 2021) Ologele, I.; Ibrahim, A.; Ogunsola, M. T.
    The purpose of the study was to examine the degree to which health communication through socio-emotional wellbeing predicted successful healthcare delivery system. The variables used were social, emotional and socio-emotional well-being. The target population were people of Oyo town. Six hundred respondents were used as samples. Stratified random sampling technique was used for choosing respondents across different working groups who were beneficiaries of healthcare delivery and incidental random sampling procedure was used to select respondents participated in the study in order to make sure that all the target population has equal chance to participate in the study. Three null hypotheses were formulated and tested. The instrument used for data collection was the researchers' structured and developed questionnaire which was validated by three experts in the field of Physical and Health Education. Its reliability was established through test re-test method, using the Spearman-Brown rank order correlation which gave the coefficient of 0.83. The data collected were analysed using Pearson product-moment correlation. The three null-hypotheses were rejected. This implied that health communication through socio-emotional well-being predicted successful healthcare delivery among people in Oyo town. Recommendations made include that, health communicators should respect and recognise the opinions of the receivers through positive interpersonal relationship so that the message will be properly comprehended and acted upon accordingly; and try as much to put his or her anger under control, in order to attract the attention of the audience to the health message resented for meaningful interpretation and corresponding action.
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    Hippocampal-dependent spatial memory and histoarchitectural integrities of the CA regions of Wistar rats following administration of Rauwolfia vomitoria and chlorpromazine
    (Neuroscience Society of Nigeria, 2015) Adana, M. Y.; Imam, A.; Ajibola, M. I.; Abdulmumin, I.; Amin, A. B.; Ibrahim, A.; Olawepo, A.; Imam, A. W.
    Psychotic patients demonstrate poor spatial memory, ascribed to impaired hippocampal functions, and bodies of evidences have attributed cognitive impairments to the poor functional outcomes in psychosis management. The efficacy of chlorpromazine and Rauwolfia vomitoria on spatial memory performance and differential histoarchitecture of the hippocampi of adult Wistar rats was examined in this study. Twenty five adult male Wistar rats weighing between 200 - 230 g were randomly grouped to five (Nor mal, low and high dose chlorpromazine and low and high dose R. vomitoria) of five animals each. 2 ml of normal saline was given to Control animals daily, 5mg/kg of chlorpromazine was given as low dose, 10 mg/kg of chlorpromazine was given as moderate dose, 150 mg/kg of R. vomitoria was given as low dose and 300 mg/kg of R. vomitoria was given as high dose orally. All the medications were given daily for 21 days. A Y-maze apparatus was used to assess the spatial memory performance in the rats at days 14 and 21 of the experiment. All the animals were euthanized using 20 mg/kg of intramuscular ketamine, cardially perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, the brains and the hippocampus removed for histological analysis. Results from this study show that Rauwolfia at 150 and 300 mg/kg improved the correct decision (right triplet alternation) and reduced wrong decision (wrong triplet alternation) in the treated rats at days 14 and 21 respectively with an unaltered hippocampal histoarchitecture. While chlorpromazine at 5 and 10 mg/kg induced an increased wrong decision (wrong triplet alternation) and reduced correct decision (right triplet alternation) across treatment periods and caused an apparent dis tortion in the hippocampus. In conclusion, R. vomitoria could be a better alternative agent with more therapeutic potential in the treatment of psychosis and could possibly remediate cognitive impairments in psychosis.
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    Histopathological and biochemical evaluation of the antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil on organophosphate-induced hepatotoxicity
    (College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, 2017) Adana, M. Y.; Ajao, M. S.; Abdussalam, W. A.; Imam, A.; Amin, A. B.; Ibrahim, A.; Sulaimon, F. A.; Atata, J. A.
    Objective: The study was designed to investigate the effects of continuous exposure of dichlorvos (DDVP) on hepatic function and hepatic histomorphology, with the possible antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO). Methods: Twenty four Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, with each group comprising of six rats. The groups were labelled as Sunflower oil (SFO), DDVP, DDVP+NSO and NSO. After 14 days of treatments, blood samples were collected, centrifuged and levels of ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) and GGT (γ-glutamyl-transferase) concentrations were estimated in the serum. The livers were removed and prepared for histopathological examinations and evaluation. Results: The findings of the study shows significant increase in the serum concentration of ALT, ALP, AST and GGT with a marked distortion in the hepatic architecture in rats administered with DDVP. However, Nigella sativa oil (NSO) was observed to ameliorate the levels of impairment in the assessed hepatic function parameters and relatively restoration in the hepatic architecture in DDVP+NSO treated animals when compared to the control and group administered with DDVP only. Conclusion: The study concludes that impaired liver functions and histomorphological tissue distortions observed in the experimental rats following DDVP exposure were ameliorated following the administration of NSO.
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    Parents’ and Teachers’ Perceptions of the Teaching of Sexuality Education in Asa Local Government Area, Kwara State
    (Kasubi Brother University, Uganda, 2012) Onifade, O. A.; Ogidan, J. A.; Ibrahim, A.; Baba, D. A.
    This study examined parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of the teaching of Sexuality Education in Asa Local Government Area. A descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. A sample of 300 respondents was involved in the study. A structured questionnaire (r = 0.82) was used to elicit data from the respondents. Three hypotheses were formulated and used for the study. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha level of significant. Data collected were analyzed using t-test statistics. The result of the study showed that male and female respondents were significantly different in their perception of the teaching of Sexuality Education in secondary schools. The results also revealed that, the two religions (Christianity and Islam) strongly supported the teaching of Sexuality Education at secondary school level. The study recommended that teaching Sexuality Education in secondary school will reduce the risk of potential negative outcome from sexual behaviour like unwanted or unplanned pregnancies and Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
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    Perceived influence of food hygiene in the prevention of food-borne diseases among secondary school students in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria.
    (Human Resources Research Centre, University of Zimbabwe Harare, 2020) Baba, D. A.; Adigun, J. O.; Ibrahim, J.; Ibrahim, A.; Molomo, L. O.
    This study investigated the perceived influence of food hygiene in the prevention of food-borne disease among secondary school students in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. Food-borne disease is a pervasive problem caused by consumption of contaminated foods and drinks. The objectives of the study included determining whether good personal hygiene and safe food handling affect prevention of food-borne diseases. The study adopted descriptive research design of survey type for the study. The population of the study comprises all secondary school students in the Ilorin Metropolis. The researchers a structured questionnaire adequately validated by experts from department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education, and Department of Epidemiology and Community Health at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The reliability of the instrument was determined through test re-test method in which reliability coefficient of 0.79 was obtained. In all, two hypotheses were formulated and tested for the study. The data generated were analysed by parametric statistical method of chi-square (x²) at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The finding from the study revealed that good personal hygiene had much influence in the prevention of food-borne diseases among secondary school students in the Ilorin Metropolis. In addition, safe food handling had greater influence in the prevention of food-borne diseases among secondary school students in the same metropolis. Based on the findings above, secondary school students perceived good personal hygiene and safe food handling as having much influence in the prevention of food-borne diseases. The study recommends that secondary school students ought to be advised to strictly adhere to good hygiene practices to prevent food-borne diseases. Secondary school students are also encouraged to be conscious of the food they buy and prepare at home to prevent food-borne diseases.
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    Primary health care providers knowledge of occupational blood hazards common to health care personnel in Oyo East Local Government Oyo State.
    (Department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education and Department of Human Kinetics Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2013) Baba, D. A.; Oguntunji, I. O.; Ajadi, M. T.; Ibrahim, A.; Abdullahi, J.
    This study examined health care providers' knowledge of occupational blood hazards common to medical personnel in Oyo East local government, Oyo State: A descriptive research design of survey type was adopted for the study. The population of study comprised all medical personnel from Oyo East local government, Oyo state. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed in selecting ninety (90) respondents used for the study. A researcher designed questionnaire that had been. validated by experts in medical field was used to collect data for the study. A test-re-test procedure was used to obtain the reliability coefficient of 0.81r. In all, four (4) research hypotheses were formulated and tested with the use of chi-square (x²) statistical method at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The result of analysis showed that primary health care providers have sound knowledge of prevailing blood hazards in health industries. However, primary health care providers' knowledge of factors associated with occupational exposure to blood hazards in health industries is not adequate. Based on these findings, the study recommends that general health care workers in PHC centres should acquire knowledge on factors associated with blood hazards in the health industry and strictly adhere to universal precautions. Also, government should organize in-house training on post-exposure prophylaxis which should be taken seriously and be done on regular basis.
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    Primary Health Care Provides Knowledge Of Occupational Blood Hazards Common To Health Care Personnel In Oyo East Local Government, Oyo State.
    (Department of Health Promotion and Environmental Health Education and Department of Human Kinetics Education, 2013) Baba, Dare A; Oguntunji, I.O; Ajadi, M.T,; Ibrahim, A.; Abdullahi, J.
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    Prospects for dog rabies elimination in Nigeria by 2030.
    (Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2024) Abubakar, A. T.; Al-Mustapha, A. I.; Oyewo, M.; Ibrahim, A.; Abdulrahim, I.; Yakub, J. M.; Elelu, N.; Nguku, P.; Balogun, M. S.; Awosanya E.J.; Kia, G. S. N.; Kwaga, J. K. P.; Okoli, I.; Bolajoko, M. B.; Alimi, Y.; Mbilo, C.; Dacheux, L.
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    Subchronic dichlorvos-induced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats: Mitigative efficacy of Nigella sativa oil.
    (2018) Adana, M. Y.; Imam, A.; Busari, M. O.; Ajibola, M. I.; Ibrahim, A.; Sulaimon, F. A.; Ajao, M. S.
    BACKGROUND: Accidental poisoning from indiscriminate use of organophosphates have become endemic in recent decades, most especially in developing nations, coupled with the limitations of the availability of satisfactory antidotes. AIM OF THE STUDY: Thus, we investigated the cardioprotective efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) following dichlorvos dichlorvos (DDVP)‑induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6); the control was administered sunflower oil (1 ml/kg), DDVP (8.8 mg/kg) to the experimental Group I, whereas DDVP + NSO (8.8 mg/kg +1 ml/kg) and NSO (1 ml/kg) was administered orally to the experimental Groups II and III, respectively. The animals were euthanized; blood was transcardially collected from the right atrium, centrifuged, and plasma extracted to analyze levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‑C). While cardiac muscle tissue was collected from the left heart, processed and stained for general architecture (hematoxylin and eosin) and elastic morphology (orcein). RESULTS: DDVP significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased the plasma levels of TC, LDL, atherogenic and atherosclerotic indices (TC/HDL‑C and LDL‑C/HDL‑C ratios), but this was prevented by co-administration with NSO. Histological investigations showed that DDVP resulted in the pathological appearance of cardiac tissues, such as the lack of striations, myocardial hemorrhage, and necrosis‑like features. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that NSO was able to attenuate DDVP‑induced cardiotoxicity.
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    Testicular morphology and seminal fluid parameters of adult Wistar rats following honey administration
    (Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, 300001 Nigeria., 2018-03-26) Kadir, Riskat Eniola; Ojulari, Lekan Sheriff; Ibrahim, A.; Jaji-Sulaimon, R.,; Ekundayo, O.,; Jimoh-Abdulghaffaar, Hidaayah Oluwamayowa
    Purpose: Honey has a long history of use in the traditional medical systems This objective of this study was to find out the effects of honey on quality and quantity of sperm and testicular microstructure when compared to fertility boosting drug and controls. Methods: A total number of thirty (30) matured male Wistar rats that were sexually active weighing 200 - 280g were used for this study. The animals were grouped into five as A - E. Group A was the control; Group B (standard group) was the standard group that received 0.3ml of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) drug for 6 days; groups C, D and E received 1ml, 2ml, and 2.5ml of honey daily for 21days respectively. After 21 days of administration, the testes were removed for analysis of the sperm parameters and the histology. Results: Honey significantly improved the sperm quality and spermatogenesis rate (denser seminiferous tubule lumen) of exposed animals compared to control animals, but most improvement was seen in the standard group that received 0.3ml FSH. Also no sign of degeneration or cellular loss was observable in the testicular histo-architecture of experimental animals. Conclusion: This research showed that honey possesses some fertility boosting properties in exposed animals compared to controls and honey is not associated with increased sperm abnormalities.