Browsing by Author "Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji"

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    Comparative assessment of cognitive function of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Indonesian Pediatric Society, 2024-02-21) Mohammed, Salihu Sheni; Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Abdulkadir, Mohammed Baba; Adeboye, Muhammed Akanbi Nurudeen; Gobir, Aishatu Ahmed; Johnson, 'Wahab Babatunde Rotimi
    Background The presence of asthma in children may negatively impact their cognitive function, possibly due to intermittent hypoxia from repeated acute exacerbations, sleep deprivation, and school absenteeism. However, conflicting reports abound on cognitive performance among children with asthma. Objective To assess and compare the cognitive function of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children in Ilorin, Nigeria. Methods This cross-sectional study compared the cognitive performance scores of 66 children with asthma aged 6-17 years, and the corresponding scores of 66 healthy age- and gender-matched children without asthma. Data obtained included sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical details. Cognitive function was assessed with the Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) psychometric test. Results The male: female ratio was 1.3:1. The median RPM score of 50.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 25.0-75.0] in children with asthma was significantly higher than that of non-asthmatic children [32.5 (IQR 10.0-50.0)]; (P=0.016). A significantly higher proportion of asthmatic subjects (74.2%) were in the high grade RPM score category compared to the non-asthmatic children’s concomitant proportion (57.6%). Asthmatic subjects were twice as likely to belong to the high grade RPM score category than their non-asthmatic counterparts (OR=2.12; 95%CI 1.02 to 4.44; P=0.043). There was no significant association between RPM score grade and clinical severity of asthma in the subject population (P=0.554). Conclusion Children with asthma perform better in cognitive function assessment, using RPM test, compared to their non-asthmatic counterparts in Ilorin, Nigeria.
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    Factors influencing routine vaccination uptake and completion among children aged 12–23 months in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria: A cross-sectional survey.
    (College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, 2023-10-20) Ariyibi, Solomon O.; Ojuawo, Ayodele Isaac; Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Afolayan, Foluke Moriliat; Ariyibi, Roseline O.; Akanbi, Peace O.
    Background: In spite of the enormous benefits of immunization, uptake of the expanded programme on immunization vaccines has remained low, especially in Northern Nigeria. Pentavalent-3 uptake in Nigeria was 33% in 2017, and up to 40% of children 12 months old were not vaccinated. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the factors influencing routine vaccination uptake and completion among children 12–23 months in North-central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in Ilorin between December 2019 and January 2020 among 456 mothers/caregivers-children pairs. Participants were recruited using multistage cluster sampling technique. Results: Eighty percent (80%) of the children studied were fully vaccinated, with a vaccine uptake of 100% for Bacille Calmette-Guerin, OPV0, HBV0, OPV1, and Penta1; 83.8% for measles; and 83.1% for yellow fever. Significant factors associated with complete vaccination are: mothers/caregivers having formal education, P = 0.001; antenatal care (ANC) attendance, P = 0.001; being employed, P = 0.007, delivery in hospital, P = 0.001 and low birth order, P = 0.003. Predictors of complete vaccination are mothers with tertiary education (odd ratio [OR]: 11.51, confidence interval [CI]: 2.43–54.64, P = 0.002), ANC attendance (OR: 7.76, CI: 2.58–23.33, P < 0.001), and hospital delivery (OR: 2.86, CI: 1.6–5.0, P < 0.001). Psychosocial factors such as religious belief, cultural acceptance, and husbands’ support are also associated with vaccination uptake and completion among the children. Conclusion: Vaccination uptake for the various antigens and full vaccination status are generally high in this study, but still below the global target. Access to ANC services, hospital delivery, and female empowerment will enhance and improve vaccine uptake and completion.
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    Hepatitis B vaccination status among health workers in Nigeria: a nationwide survey between January to June 2021
    (Belgian Asssociation of Public Health, 2023-07-04) Issa, A.; Ayoola, Y.A.; Abdulkadir, M.B.; Ibrahim, R.O.; Oseni, T.I.A.; Abdullahi, M; Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Lawal, Aisha F.; Dele-Ojo, F.B.; Owolabi, B.I.; Echieh, C.P.
    Background Hepatitis B vaccination is the most important preventive measure against Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. Vaccination against HBV infection among healthcare workers is important because of their daily exposure to patients’ body fluids and the possible risk of transmission to other patients. Hence, this study assessed the risk of hepatitis B infection, vaccination status and associated factors among healthcare workers in six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2021 using electronic data capture techniques to enroll 857 healthcare workers (HCWs) in regular contact with patients and their samples through a multi-stage sampling method. Results The participants’ mean (SD) age was 38.7 (8.0) years, and 453 (52.9%) were female. Each of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria had a fair representation, with a range of 15.3 to 17.7% of the study population. The majority (83.8%) of healthcare workers in Nigeria knew that they were at an increased risk of being infected by their work. Also, 72.2% knew that if infected, there was a high risk of liver cancer in later life. Many participants (642 [74.9%]) responded that they consistently applied standard precautions, such as hand washing, gloves, and face masks while attending to patients. Three hundred and sixty (42.0%) participants were fully vaccinated. Of the 857 respondents, 248 (28.9%) did not receive any dose of the hepatitis B vaccine. Factors that were associated with not being vaccinated included age less than 25 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.796, 95% CI 1.119 to 20.547, p = 0.035], being a nurse (AOR 2.346, 95% CI 1.446 to 3.808, p = 0.010), being a health attendant (AOR 9.225, 95% CI 4.532 to 18.778, p = 0.010), and being a healthcare worker from the Southeast (AOR 2.152, 95% CI 1.186 to 3.904, p = 0.012) in Nigeria. Conclusion This study showed a high level of awareness of the risks associated with hepatitis B infection and suboptimal uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers in Nigeria.
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    Patterns of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate Among School-aged Children in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria
    (Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo-city, Ondo State, 2024-09-17) Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Ibrahim Olayinka Rasheed; Issa Amudalat; Hamzah Abdul-Lateef Olanrewajy; Johnson 'Wahab B.R.
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    Prematurity as a secondary immunodeficiency disorder with increased risk of infections: A mini-review
    (African Society for Clinical Microbiology, 2024-04) Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Issa Amudalat
    Prematurity significantly increases neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Underdeveloped immune systems and prolonged hospitalization elevate the risk of secondary immunodeficiency leading to heightened vulnerability to healthcare-associated infections, including neonatal sepsis from various sources like intrauterine, intrapartum, and postnatal agents. This review explores the impact of prematurity on infection susceptibility and the role of immature immunity. A literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar identified relevant articles published between January 1980 and December 2022, focusing on terms such as "preterm," "prematurity," "neonatal sepsis," and "secondary immunodeficiency." Despite neonatal susceptibility to sepsis, accurate incidence estimates are lacking in many countries, and preterm infants face higher morbidity and mortality risks compared to full-term babies. Early-onset infections usually manifest within the first 72 hours post-delivery, while late-onset neonatal sepsis occurs after this period. Immaturity affects various immune system components, with gestational age influencing functionality. The compromised innate immune response in preterm infants involves factors such as fragile skin, reduced tear/mucus production, and low antimicrobial peptide levels. Complement deficiencies and impaired neutrophil function increase susceptibility to infections. Macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells exhibit reduced activity, impacting viral clearance. Preterm infants also have lower immunoglobulin (Ig) G levels, contributing to a weakened adaptive immune response. Hypogammaglobulinaemia heightens susceptibility to infections relying on antibody-mediated protection, while low secretory IgA production and delayed antibody response predispose to gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. The combined effect of immature immunity and medical interventions heightens preterm infants' susceptibility to pathogens. Recommendations for mitigating infection risks include antimicrobial stewardship, prompt initiation of exclusive breastfeeding, and timely administration of routine vaccinations.
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    Preparedness to Care for Children with Asthma: How Ready Are Schools in Ilorin, Nigeria?
    (University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, 2024-09-17) Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Hamzah Abdul-Lateef Olanrewaju; Ameen Hafsat Abolore; Katibi Oludolapo Sherifat; Abdulkadir Mohammed Baba
    Asthma is a rife chronic condition among school-aged children, necessitating the need for schools to be well-prepared to provide appropriate care and support for affected students. This study assessed the readiness of schools in Ilorin, Nigeria, in caring for children with asthma. Sixty-five primary and secondary schools were surveyed in Ilorin, Nigeria, using a pre-tested questionnaire and inspection tour to evaluate healthcare personnel, facilities, and environmental conditions related to asthma care in schools. Forty-four (67.7%) of the schools were public-owned and 21 (32.3%) schools private-owned. Health personnel were present in 61.5% of schools, with 70% being health assistants/first aiders. Only 34.2% of schools with healthcare facilities had a sick bay. Seventeen schools (26.2%) had records to identify the current number of children with asthma. Salbutamol (tablets or inhalers) was the most common rescue equipment. Only 43 (66.1%) schools could state where the inhaler was kept. None of the schools had an asthma management plan on file for the children with asthma. Twenty (30.8%) schools were less than 200m from major traffic, and 45 (69.2%) were >200m. Health appraisal methods included routine inspections (47.7%) and hospital referrals (29.2%). Overall, there were disparities in healthcare resources and asthma care practices among the schools studied. Addressing gaps in emergency care, equipment availability, and staff training can significantly improve the management of asthma in school settings in the study area.
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    The Inter-relationship Between Nutrition and Infections in Older People: A Review
    (Western Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 2023-12) Ibraheem Gbadebo Hakeem; Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji
    Old age is variously described as referring to individuals older than 60 or 65 years of age. The proportion of elderly patients is steadily on the rise. These elderly individuals have an increased propensity for sickness and death due to progressive age-related effects in their physical constitution. Increased rates of youth migration and changes in traditional support for older people predisposes them to the effects of poverty and socio-economic inequality in our environment. This review sought to evaluate the interconnections between infection and nutrition amongst the elderly population. A literature search was done for publications referencing the elderly, infections, and nutrition. The review showed that elderly patients, are predisposed to infection and malnutrition because of specific changes in the various tissue and organ functions. While the nutritional requirements reduce in old age, the ability to take in nutrients decreases to a larger degree, leading to a negative balance in nutrition. Age-related changes in innate and adaptive immunity also predispose elderly people to different forms of infection. Infection and malnutrition in elderly people create a vicious cycle feeding into each other to negatively impact on the health and quality of life of this group of people. As our elderly population increases, we recommend specific attention be paid to the twin problems of infection and malnutrition, in order to maintain the health status of the elderly
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    The Iron status of children with and without sickle cell disease at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
    (West African College of Physicians and West African College of Surgeons, 2023-10) Akintola, Moshood A.; Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji; Biliamainu, Sikiru A.; Ernest, Samuel K; Ojuawo, Ayodele I
    BACKGROUND: Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at potential risk of iron overload from chronic transfusion and probable iron deficiency due to accelerated growth. However, only few studies on the iron status of children with SCD in Nigeria are available. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study compared the iron status of 109 children with sickle cell disease with 109 age- and sex matched haemoglobin AA controls at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Parameters assayed were serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations. Considering the appropriate reference values for age and sex, these parameters were used to classify the children into high, normal or low iron status. RESULTS: The median (interquartile range) serum ferritin level of180.00 (237.50)ng/ml for the SCD subjects was significantly higher than 70.00 (120.00)ng/ml observed among controls, but the mean Hb and median serum transferrin levels were significantly lower in the subjects compared with the corresponding values in the controls, each showing statistical significance ( p<0.05). The median serum iron levels did not differ significantly between the SCD (112μg/dl) and non-SCD (128μg/dl), p=0.309. A high proportion of subjects had low HB status (96.3%) compared with controls (56.9%), p=0.001. A significantly higher proportion of subjects (78%) had high ferritin status compared with the controls (48.3%; p <0.001). Ten (9.1%) SCD children had low serum iron status compared to 28 (25.7%) HbAA controls, p=0.002. Thirty-four (31.2%) subjects had low transferrin status which was significantly higher than the corresponding number of controls (8; 7.3%; p<0.001) CONCLUSION: The children with SCD in the index study were iron sufficient.