Browsing by Author "Ibitolu, JO"
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Item Morphological and neurohistological changes in adolescent rats administered with nicotine during intrauterine life(Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, 2013) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Ibitolu, JO; Femi-Akinlosotu, OM; Akinola, OB; Enaibe, BUTobacco smoking has been linked to many preventable diseases affecting various organs and systems of the body, including the brain. The current study was conducted to demonstrate the histological changes observable in the cerebral cortex of young Wistar rats exposed to nicotine during gestation. Vaginal smearing was conducted for the female Wistar rats to determine their oestrous cycle, after which they were exposed to male rats overnight, for mating. Pregnancy was confirmed and the pregnant rats were divided into 3 groups based on the 3 trimesters (A, B, C), with each group having a control and a treated subgroup. The Control Groups (A1, B1, C1) were given 0.1 ml of normal saline i. p., while the Treated Groups (A2, B2, C2) received 0.06 mg/kg/0.1 ml of nicotine intra-peritoneally. Treatment was for a period of 6 days only within each trimester for all subgroups. The pregnant animals were allowed to litter, and at postnatal day 35 they were sacrificed. The skull was dissected to expose and remove the brain; the temporal and parietal cortices were excised and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histological tissue preparation, using cresyl fast violet staining techniques. Exposure of the developing brain to nicotine during gestation resulted in various degrees of abnormalities in the cytoarchitecture of the parietal and temporal cortices of young rats. The gestational period of nicotine exposure and specific cortical affectation are important factors to consider while investigating neurological abnormalities in offspring of tobacco smokers.Item Neurohistochemical studies of adolescent rats’ prefrontal cortex exposed to prenatal nicotine.(Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences,, 2014) Omotoso, Gabriel Olaiya; Adekeye, MO; Ariyo, AA; Ibitolu, JO; Oyeyemi, OABackground: Exposure to tobacco has frequently been associated with adverse implications on many body organs and systems. Maternal smoking can influence fetal development, causing intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, or even fetal death and spontaneous abortion. Objectives: We investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to nicotine on the prefrontal cortex in adolescent rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four mature female Wistar rats were time mated and grouped according to Trimester into Control and Treated groups. Nicotine was administered intra-peritoneally to pregnant Wistar rats in the treated groups, while normal saline was given to the control groups, at each of the three Trimesters. The animals were allowed to litter and the pups were allowed to grow till postnatal day 35, when they were sacrificed and the brain removed and weighed. The prefrontal cortex was excised and either fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for tissue histology or homogenized in sucrose solution for enzyme studies (alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase). Results: Enzyme studies showed derangement in biochemical status of the prefrontal cortex of all the nicotine-exposed animals compared with their respective controls, and corresponding morphological and histological alterations, especially in animals exposed to nicotine during their 2nd and 3rd weeks of fetal life. Conclusions: The morphohistological and biochemical derangements that occur during neurodevelopment of nicotine-exposed offspring persist into adolescent life, and could underlie the neurological dysfunctions associated with such individuals.