Browsing by Author "Hamid, A.A."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Item
    Chemical Composition of Leaf Essential Oil of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) growing in North Central Nigeria
    (2010) Ameen, O.M; Usman, L.A; Oganija, F.S.; Hamid, A.A.; Muhammed, N.O; Zubair, M.F.; Adebayo, S.A
    Leaf essential oil of Annona senegalensis Pers. obtained by hydrodistillation was analysed using GC and GC/MS. The analyses revealed the abundance of oxygenated monoterpenes (65.0%). The major constituents were citronellal (30.0%), citronellol (14.8%), geranial (17.2%), thymol (8.1%), β-caryophyllene (7.8%) and carvacrol (6.92).
  • Item
    CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF Phyllanthus amarus (SCHUM & THONN)
    (Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017-06-01) Zubair, M.F.; Atolani, O.; Ibrahim, S.O.; Adebisi, O.O.; Hamid, A.A.; Sowunmi, R.A.
    The chemical composition of the leave extracts of Phyllanthus amarus (Schum and Thonn) of the family Euphorbiaceae from Nigeria was analyzed by GC-MS. The extracts were also examined for their potential to inhibit the growth of clinical isolates following standard procedure. The major compounds identified in the hexane extract are a flavonoid, flavone 4’,5,7-triethoxy-3,3’,6- trimethoxy (20.23%) and a triterpenoid 17-(1,5-Dimethylhexyl)-6-hydroxy-5-methylestr-9-en-3-yl acetate (19.02%) while bufalin (18.71%) and tetratetracontane (12.91%) were the major compounds detected in the methanol extract. Steroidal triterpenoids are the major compounds present in the extracts as it accounted for 47% of the total detectable content in the hexane extract and 52% in the methanol extract. The steroidal triterpenoids which exist primarily as acetate in the hexane extract include cycloeucalenyl acetate, ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol acetate, macdougallin, 17-(1,5-Dimethylhexyl)-6-hydroxy-5-methylestr-9-en-3-yl acetate, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol while the methanol extract contains 6,7-epoxypregn-4-ene-9,11,18-triol-3,20-dione, 11,18-diacetate, bufalin, olean-13(18)-ene, methyl ursolate, barringenol R1 and 7,8- epoxylanostan-11-ol,3-acetoxy. Hexane extract of the plant exhibited antifungal activity on Candida albicans while methanol extract revealed significant antibacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at all concentrations of the extract between 12.5 and 100 mg/mL, the activity being comparable to the standard antibacterial drug, Oxacillin. The leaves of Phyllanthus amarus is a potential source of steroidal triterpenoids which could serve as biomarker for the plant species. The extracts of the plant may also serve as a natural source of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of some microbial infections.
  • Item
    Chemical constituents, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities from the leaf extracts of Drynaria laurentii. Journal of Phytomedicine and Therapeutics
    (National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Development, 2022) Shehu, A.,; Issa S.B.,; Lawal, A.Z.,; Egharevba, G.,; Ojo, J. B,; Salami, L.B,; Taiwo, L.O.,; Yusuf, S.A,; Adeyemo, J.,; Bello, O.,; Bale, M.I. &; Hamid, A.A.
    The chemical constituents of weighed, air-dried leaf samples of a native Nigerian plant, Drynaria laurentii, were examined. The bioactivity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plants were tested against ten (10) strains of bacteria and fungi, and their antioxidant activities and antimicrobial properties were studied. Ethyl acetate extract of Drynaria laurentii leaves exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-hydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging property with Inhibition Concentration at 50% (IC50) of 298.912 μg/mL while hexane and methanol extracts of the plant showed no significant antioxidant activity. From the antimicrobial study, the methanol extract of the plant inhibited the growth of all the test organisms at all concentrations while the n-hexane extract specifically inhibited the growth of the test bacteria at 200-25 mg/mL and have low inhibitory effects on all the test fungi. Meanwhile, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of all the test bacteria from a range of 200–12.5 mg/mL and all the test fungi at the range 200-25 mg/mL. However, some bacteria (6.25 mg/mL) and fungi (12.5-6.25 mg/mL) displayed resistance to the ethyl acetate extract of the plant. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) characterisation of n-hexane leaf extract of D. laurentii afforded nineteen (19) compounds with heptadecanal constituting 15.64% as the most abundant constituent of the extract. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plant afforded eighteen (18) and seventeen (17) compounds with γ-sitosterol (14.34%) and clionasterol (15.32%) as the abundant constituents in both extracts respectively.