Browsing by Author "Giwa Halima Bukola"

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    Cost-Effectiveness of Drug Therapies in Management of Hypertension in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital: a Utility-Based Analysis
    (Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci, 2025-11-25) Jamiu Muslim Olakunle; Giwa Halima Bukola; Elegbede Busayo Jumoke; Aiyelero Medinat Oyeronke; Shittu Abiodun Oyetunji; Njinga Stan; Abdul Abdulraheem; Giwa Abdul-fatihi Salaudeen; Giwa Abdulganiyu; Elegbede Elijah Olusegun
    ABSTRACT: Efficient resource allocation is vital for managing hypertension in Nigeria due to the high disease burden and limited healthcare resources. This study aims to assess the cost effectiveness of hypertension therapies at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over one year by reviewing drug use, analyzing costs effectiveness of treatment options and examining their impact on healthcare policy and resource allocation. A sample size of 356 case notes was derived from 40,009 ambulatory hypertensive patients. The drug utilization study involved a one-year retrospective review of the 356 case notes, conducted from January to December 2023. The EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) was used to determine the effectiveness of treatment options based on qualityadjusted life years (QALYs). Of the 693 prescriptions identified, 94 (13.56%) contained monotherapy, 328(47.3%) two-drug combination and 271(39.11%) three-drug combination. Amlodipine + lisinopril appeared to be more costeffective than amlodipine + telmisartan, which in turn was more cost-effective than both amlodipine + indapamide and amlodipine + ramipril, leaving amlodipine+ lisinopril as the most cost effective out of analysed options for the Nigeria healthcare system. ICERs obtained were robust to parameter variation on probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Inclusion of amlodipine + lisinopril in the WHO essential medicine list, hospital formularies, and standard treatment guidelines as components of drug policy is justified and would promote rational drug use, improve treatment outcomes and optimize resource utilization in the management of hypertension in Nigeria.
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    HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE, WORK PRODUCTIVITY, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ON ANTI-DIABETIC MEDICATIONS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
    (2025-03-19) Jamiu Muslim Olakunle; Giwa Halima Bukola; Giwa Fatiu Salaudeen; Babatunde M.O; Giwa Abdulganiyu
    Diabetes mellitus poses a major public health challenge in Africa, particularly in Nigeria, due to its high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact, which are worsened by its chronic nature and related complications. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and associated factors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) receiving anti-diabetic medications at a secondary health facility in Ilorin, Kwara State, North Central Nigeria. A cross-sectional study through convenient sampling was conducted in patients registered in the last ten years (10) from (May 2013 to August 2023). Participants were drawn after a sample size of 304 participants was calculated. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and ethical approval was granted by Ethics and Research Committee of the Institution (Approval ID: ERC /MOH/2023/04/102). Data on health-related quality of life were collected using the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS instruments, while the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire was used to assess changes in work productivity. Statistical analysis involved both descriptive and inferential methods, with results presented in tables. Of the 304 participants included, 108(35.5%) were female, 196(64.4%) were male. Majority fell within the age group of 55-65 years old (39.5%). Majority140 (46%) were in the lower middle income ($39-130) category. Biguanide plus sulphonyl urea combination therapy recorded the highest usage (71.1%). Overall loss of productivity and activity impairment as outcomes of work productivity was found to be 24.8% and 33.6%. The mean EQ-5D utility scores and EQ-VAS scores were 0.7033±0.1525 and 63.57±17.16 Factors such as older age, presence of complications and comorbidities, and higher overall productivity loss are significantly associated with lower HRQoL scores. Conversely, being employed and having a good monthly income are significantly associated with better. Healthrelated quality of life of individuals with type 2 diabetes, as measured by EQ-5D utility and EQ-VAS scores. Results highlight the importance of socioeconomic and clinical factors in influencing the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes.
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    IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF LIFESTYLE/DIETARY MODIFICATION ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED STUDY
    (Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 2025-11-28) Jamiu Muslim Olakunle; Abdulazeez Iyabode Fatima; Giwa Halima Bukola
    To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.21315/mjps2025.23.2.5 ABSTRACT Hypertension (HTN) is a leading cause of disability and death in both developing and developed countries with lifestyle/dietary modification playing a strong role in both prehypertension and hypertensive state. The research was carried out among 317 patients at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, who were randomised into control (158) and intervention (159) groups. Intervention was carried out after baseline study and 6 months with evaluation at 6 months and 12 months. A self-developed standardised questionnaire, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.849, was used to assess patients’ knowledge, while quality of life was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOLBREF) standardised questionnaire. A total of 136 participants in the control group and 139 in the intervention group completed the study. The mean age of the patients was 59.2 ± 12.5 with male = 141 (44.5%) while female = 176 (55.5%). Baseline characteristics were comparable. Following intervention, 6 months and 12 months knowledge difference was significant (p < 0.001). A significantly different practice in physical activity (p < 0.001) was observed at 6 months while all the four area of practice were significantly different at 12 months. The practice of dietary modification in the intervention group was similarly significantly different in the intervention group at 6 months and 12 months (p < 0.05). Significant reduction in alcohol intake (p < 0.001), dietary sodium (p < 0.001) and increase in physical activity were associated with improved quality of life but, not reduction in sugar intake (p = 0.325). Good practice of lifestyle and dietary modification was found to improve quality of life among hypertensive patient.