Browsing by Author "Giwa A"

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    A Cross-Sectional Study on Health-Related Quality of Life and Productivity Loss in HIV/AIDS Patients on ART
    (Faculty of Science, University of Ilorin, 2025-12-01) Giwa H.B; Oluwaseyi A; Jamiu M.O; Giwa F.S; Giwa A
    This study evaluated health-related quality of life (HRQoL), productivity loss, and associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy at a tertiary-level hospital in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients registered in the clinic during the preceding ten years. Data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality of Life HIV Brief (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF) and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: General Health (WPAI:GH). Of the 358 participants, 94 (26.3%) were male and 264 (73.7%) females. Majority age group were 39-55years 204 (56%). Most respondents were married at 216 (60.3%) and did not perceive themselves as ill 334 (93.2). The overall (HRQoL) score was 59.34%, with 71.34% and 75.05% observed in the psychological and physical domains. Single individuals had increased scores of 30,25, 10 and 20 across HRQoL domains. Work impairment and overall activity impairment scores, as outcomes of work productivity, were found to be 12.81% and 14.35%, respectively. The highest percentage of patients (86.2 %) were on a Dolutegravir (DTG) based regimen, while others were on Atazanavir boosted regimens. Overall HRQol scores showed that participants were coping moderately well but had unmet needs due to chronic nature of the disease. Advanced medical care positively impacts the physical and psychological domains of HRQoL. The disease exerts a mild to moderate impact on productivity. Notably, psychological status shows a stronger association with loss of productivity. Higher HRQoL scores are strongly linked to reduced activity impairment and productivity. Emphasis should be on comprehensive care addressing physical, psychological, environmental and social aspects of HIV.
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    Drug Utilization and Cost Minimization Analysis of Antimalarial Therapies in a Tertiary Healthcare Institution in North-Central Nigeria
    (2025) Giwa HB; Oluwakayode AM; Jamiu OM; Aiyelero OM; Abdul A; Giwa A; Eniayewu OI; Giwa FAS
    Background: Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria, particularly among children under five and pregnant women. The associated economic burden underscores the need for a cost minimization analysis (CMA). Objective: To conduct a CMA of identified treatment options used in the management of malaria among patients at the family medicine clinic of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital North-central Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 290 participants was conducted. Data were collected using questionnaires and structured data collection forms and descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out. Ethical approval was obtained prior to commencement of the study. Results: About 177 (61.04%) of the participants were female and most represented age group was 35-44 years (20.69%). Four main drug combinations were identified: Artemether + Lumefantrine, Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine, Artemisinin + Piperaquine and Artesunate +Amodiaquine. CMA revealed one branded product (Coartem) and three generic equivalents (Amatem Softgel, Lokmal, and Lonart DS). Lokmal, the most prescribed (45.51%) was also the cheapest at N266.67 (0.17 USD). Despite being the most expensive at N1000 (0.66 USD), Coartem, was the second most prescribed at 22.85%. In the Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine category, the branded drug P-Alaxin (N500.00; 0.31 USD) was prescribed at the same frequency (33.33%) as its generic counterparts Malact (N216.67; 0.14 USD) and Arthelad (N273.30; 0.17 USD), despite being twice as costly. Conclusion: Cost considerations may not significantly influence prescribing behaviour, underscoring the need for enhanced prescriber awareness and policy interventions to encourage the use of cost-effective, therapeutically equivalent generics.