Browsing by Author "Giwa, HB"

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    Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy in a Tertiary Health Institution
    (Published by West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacy, 2018) Giwa, A; Giwa, HB; Jamiu, M.O
    Background: The increasing health care spending from government, donors and private stand-point has a lot of challenge in health care related decision making. Hence, there is need to examine closely the cost and benefits of drug interventions especially in chronic illnesses like HIV/AIDS. Objective: To conduct cost-effectiveness analysis of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in a tertiary health institution Methods: A retrospective review of systematically sampled 360 case notes was conducted. World Health Organization Defined Daily Dose method of evaluating drug use and probability method for potential effectiveness of cART options from literature analysis was employed in determining cost-effectiveness of each option identified from cART drug utilization studies. Results: Zidovudine (AZT )+Lamivudine (3TC) +Nevirapine (NVP)which cost N89 2 ($ 0.3 per unit effectiveness) was more frequently prescribed (86%, =100.82; P=0.00; df=1). This combination was more cost effective than the less frequently prescribed first line option of Tenofovir (TDF) +Lamivudine (3TC) +Efavirenz (EFV)at a cost per unit effectiveness of NGN 134 ($0.45).Similarly, 2 AZT+3TC+Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r)which was more frequently prescribed (71.4%, =33.62; P=0.00; df=1)]with cost per unit effectiveness of NGN379 ($1.26)was more cost effective than TDF+3TC+LPV/r [NGN403($ 1.34) per unit of effectiveness] in the management of HIV/AIDS patients as second line regimen. Conclusions: AZT+3TC+NVPwas more cost-effective than TDF+3TC+EFV in the management of HIV/AIDS patients as firstline regimen. However, AZT+3TC+LPV/r appeared to, but was not necessarily more cost effective than TDF+3TC+LPV/r in the management of HIV/AIDS patients as second line regimen.