Browsing by Author "Giwa, H. B."

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    DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) IN ADULT PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANTI-MALARIAL TREATMENT AT A SECONDARY HEALTHCARE FACILITY IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
    (Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2025-09) Giwa, H. B.; Shittu, H. D.; Babatunde, M. O.; Jamiu, O. M.; Aiyelero, O. M.; Eniayewu, O. I.; Giwa, A.; Abdul, A.; Atunwa, S. A.; Giwa, F. S
    ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and related factors among patients receiving antimalarial treatment at a General hospital Ilorin (GHI). Participants were drawn after a sample size of 291 participants were calculated. An EQ-5D-5L, EQ-VAS instrument was used to collect the data (from July to September 2023). Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and Ethical approval was obtained from Ministry of Health Ethical Research Committee (ERC) and Ethical Review and Research Committee of General Hospital Ilorin (GHI) with assigned number: ERC/MOH/2023/07/130 and GHI/ADM/134/VOL.I/081 respectively. Of the 291 participants included, 182 (62.5%) were female, and 109 (37.5%) were male. Most of the participants were aged 18–24 years (93; 32%), had tertiary education (195; 67%), and had low incomes, earning less than ₦3,000 (126; 43.3%). Also, a significant majority lacked health insurance (211; 72.5%). The most commonly used treatment was Artemether/Lumefantrine (281; 96.6%). The mean EQ-5D utility scores and EQ-VAS scores were 0.74 ±0.152 and 67.17±19.48 respectively. The EQ-5D descriptive system had 11111 as the health state of majority of participants 89(30.6%) followed by 11121 (19)6.5%, both states having utilities of 0.9 and 0.646 respectively. Sixty-three-point six percent of participants had problem in the pain and discomfort domain. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed marital status (p=0.005) and family history (p= 0.004) of any disease correlated with EQ-5D-5L index score (Health state). These variables contributed approximately 58.93% and 41.07% respectively to the EQ-5D index score of patients. The findings indicate that malaria patients in this study generally reported a good health-related quality of life. Most participants experienced minimal problems across domains except for pain/discomfort Socio-demographic factors such as marital status and family history of disease had significant influence on HRQoL, suggesting that social support and underlying health vulnerabilities play crucial roles in patients’ well-being. Overall, malaria’s impact on HRQoL extends beyond clinical symptoms, underscoring the need for patient-centered care that addresses both physical and psychosocial factors. Keywords: EQ-5D-5L, EQ-VAS, HRQoL, Malaria fever, Nigeria, Quality of life
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    HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE, WORK PRODUCTIVITY, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ON ANTI-DIABETIC MEDICATIONS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
    (Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2025-03) Giwa, H. B.; Babatunde, M. O.; Jamiu, O. M,; Giwa F. S.; Giwa, A
    ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus poses a major public health challenge in Africa, particularly in Nigeria, due to its high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact, which are worsened by its chronic nature and related complications. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and associated factors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) receiving anti-diabetic medications at a secondary health facility in Ilorin, Kwara State, North Central Nigeria. A cross-sectional study through convenient sampling was conducted in patients registered in the last ten years (10) from (May 2013 to August 2023). Participants were drawn after a sample size of 304 participants was calculated. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and ethical approval was granted by Ethics and Research Committee of the Institution (Approval ID: ERC /MOH/2023/04/102). Data on health-related quality of life were collected using the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS instruments, while the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire was used to assess changes in work productivity. Statistical analysis involved both descriptive and inferential methods, with results presented in tables. Of the 304 participants included, 108(35.5%) were female, 196(64.4%) were male. Majority fell within the age group of 55-65 years old (39.5%). Majority140 (46%) were in the lower middle income ($39-130) category. Biguanide plus sulphonyl urea combination therapy recorded the highest usage (71.1%). Overall loss of productivity and activity impairment as outcomes of work productivity was found to be 24.8% and 33.6%. The mean EQ-5D utility scores and EQ-VAS scores were 0.7033±0.1525 and 63.57±17.16 Factors such as older age, presence of complications and comorbidities, and higher overall productivity loss are significantly associated with lower HRQoL scores. Conversely, being employed and having a good monthly income are significantly associated with better. Health related quality of life of individuals with type 2 diabetes, as measured by EQ-5D utility and EQ-VAS scores. Results highlight the importance of socioeconomic and clinical factors in influencing the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes. Keywords: EQ-VAS, EQ-5D-5L, HRQoL, Nigeria, Quality of life, T2DM, WPAI
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    Phytochemical, Anti-oxidant and In-vitro Anti-diabetic Evaluations of Aqueous and Boiled Leaf Extracts of Thaumatococcus daniellii (Benth)
    (Ilorin Journal of Science, 2027) Njinga, N. S.; Ndifor, A. R.; Shittu, A. O.; Muhammadbashir, L.; Kayode, O.; Ohunene, S. R.; Mbakop, C.; Egharevba, G. O.; Bamidele, O. D.; Abdulrazaq, S.; Abdulazeez, I; Giwa, H. B.; Bakare-Odunola, M. T.; Kola-Mustapha A. T.
    Abstract Thaumatococcus daniellii (Benth), commonly referred to as the "miracle fruit plant," is traditionally used in cooking, where its leaves serve as natural food wrappers and flavour enhancers. This study investigate the scientific benefits of using T. daniellii in cooking by analyzing the phytochemistry, antioxidant, and in vitro anti diabetic properties of the fresh leaf boiled extract (FBE) and dried leaf aqueous extracts (DAE). Quantitative Phytochemical screening was done using spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant potential was evaluated through assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2'-azino-bis(3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), peroxide-mediated antioxidant (PMA) activity, and metal chelating activity (MCA). The in vitro anti-diabetic potential was assessed using α-amylase inhibition assays to determine the potency of the extract in modulating glucose metabolism. Phytochemical analysis revealed distinct differences between the extracts. FBE had lower flavonoid (0.368 ± 0.023 mg QE/g) and alkaloid (642.44 ± 15.56 mg AE/g) content than DAE (0.472 ± 0.00523 mg QE/g and 665.78 ± 35.29 mg AE/g, respectively). Conversely, FBE showed higher tannin (278.13 ± 27.36 mg TAE/g) and phenol (0.048 ± 0.003 mg GAE/g) levels compared to DAE. Antioxidant assays highlighted varied results. FBE exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (36.72 ± 1.84%) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (0.1895 ± 0.007 mg Fe²⁺/g) than DAE, while DAE demonstrated superior peroxide-mediated antioxidant activity (0.069 ± 0.0002 mg AAE/g). Metal chelating activity was similar for both extracts, and neither showed significant ABTS radical scavenging activity. The α-amylase inhibition assay revealed DAE's significant higher in vitro anti-diabetic potential (55.56 ± 2.26%) compared to FBE (12.82 ± 2.56%), suggesting that boiling diminishes this property.This study demonstrates that T. daniellii retains significant health-promoting bioactive properties, regardless of preparation method, making it a valuable addition to culinary and therapeutic applications. Keywords: Thaumatococcus daniellii, phytochemistry, Antioxidant activity, Anti-diabetic activity