Browsing by Author "Fadeyi, Abayomi"

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    Bacteria vaginosis: prevalence and associated risk factors among non-pregnant women of reproductive age attending a Nigerian tertiary hospital
    (University of Malawi and Malawi Medical Association, 2017-12) Abdulateef, Rasheedat; Ijaiya, Munirdeen; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Adeniran, Abiodun; Idris, Haruna
    Aim To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) among non-pregnant women of reproductive age group. Methods A cross-sectional study among non-pregnant asymptomatic women aged 19 to 45 years, attending the gynaecological clinic at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Participants were counselled and an informed consent was obtained. This was followed by vaginal swabs for microscopy, culture and sensitivity. Diagnosis of BV was by Nugent’s criteria. Data analysis was by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Chi-square and Yates corrected chi-square were calculated, and p value <0.05 was significant. Results Among the 212 participants, prevalence of BV was 40.1%; it was common among women aged 25-34 years (50; 58.8%), the married (77; 90.6%) and those with tertiary education (39; 45.9%). The risk factors for BV were common among women with laboratory evidence of the infection, however statistically significant risk factors were the use of intrauterine device (OR 1.61, 95%CI 0.543-4.759; p0.020) and previous voluntary termination of pregnancy (OR 1.04, 95%CI 0.600-1.808; p0.047). Conclusion There was high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in the study population. Universal screening and treatment of cases may assist in lowering the associated morbidity.
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    Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Seroprevalence, Antigenaemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Nigeria.
    (Ethiopian Medical Association, Ethiopia, 2015) Owolabi, Omolola; Adesina, Kikelomo; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Popoola, Gbenga
    Background & Aims: Hepatitis C viral infection is a significant public health challenge with potential risk of progressing to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Actively infected mothers can transmit the virus to their babies who may develop liver cirrhosis and HCC as young adults. We determined the seroprevalence of HCV, its antigenaemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women. Methods: We recruited 400 pregnant women and tested their serum for HCV antibodies using immunechromatographic test and determined the HCV core antigenaemia among HCV sero-positives by enzyme-immunoassay (EIA). The bio-socio-demographic variables of the participants were statistically correlated to the test results. Results: Seroprevalence of HCV was 5.8% (23/400) and the prevalence of HCV core antigenaemia was 73.9% (17/23). None of the bio-socio-demographic variables of the participants and other known risk factors evaluated had significant influence on either seroprevalence of HCV or its antigenaemia. Only the employment status of the participants’ husbands (p=0.01) significantly affected seropositivity of HCV. Conclusion: HCV core antigenaemia is high among pregnant women who have antibodies to HCV in our environment and this signifies an active hepatitis C virus infection.
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    Impact of Body Mass Index on Haematological parameters at booking in Ilorin, Nigeria.
    (Unilorin, 2013) Adesina, Kikelomo; Aderibigbe, Adedeji; Olarinoye, Adebunmi; Balogun, Olayinka; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Babatunde, Abiola; Abdulkareem, Sanni; Ezeoke, Grace
    Background: Pregnancy is associated with physiological changes that affect almost all of the systems in the body, including weight gain; these changes accommodate the demands of the feto-placental unit. Therefore, hematological parameters in pregnancy may not be comparable with those of non-pregnant women. Methodology: A total of 500 pregnant women were consecutively recruited at booking, and 465 met the inclusion criteria. Their blood samples were analyzed for some blood indices, which were compared with their body mass indices and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: The mean levels of Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration(MCHC) were 82.2 fl ± 8.4 and 34.0 g/dl ± 1.9, respectively, which were within the normal reference values but close to the lower limits. The hemoglobin concentration was low (10.5 g/dl), whereas the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was high (34.1 mm/hr). Hematological parameters were compared by trimesters. MCV and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin(MCH) increased across the trimesters, with P values of 0.0007 and 0.011, respectively (P< 0.05). PCV was also inversely proportional to the gestational age (P0.026). There was no statistically significant difference when BMI and hematological parameters were compared (P>0.05), although RBC and PCV values increased as the maternal weight increased, suggesting a probable positive correlation between the red cell count and concentration and body mass index in pregnancy. Conclusion: This study confirmed the hemodilutional effect of pregnancy and suggests a relationship between BMI, RBC and PCV in pregnancy. Body weight may increase the red cell parameters in pregnancy.
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    Intestinal Parasitosis Among Food Handlers in a Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria
    (Rwanda Biomedical Center/Rwanda Health Communication Center, Rwanda, 2020) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Nyamngee, Amase; Fasiku, Mojirola Martina; Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Akanbi II, A. A
    BACKGROUND: Food borne diseases (FBD), such as intestinal parasitosis, remain a major public health issue across the globe, especially in developing countries. The entire hospital community is at risk of acquiring these diseases from food handlers (FHs) in hospitals. Hospitalized patients are particularly at risk primarily due to compromised immunity. OBJECTIVES: This study determined the carriage rate of intestinal parasites and assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with carriage among FHs in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study that involved screening of all FHs in the hospital for intestinal parasites was conducted from May 2018 to June 2018. Finger swabs and fresh stool specimens of the FHs were collected and examined for intestinal parasites following standard microbiological techniques. The socio-demographic characteristics of the FHs were also obtained using structured questionnaires specifically designed for the study. RESULTS: Of the 81 FHs studied, 9 (11.1%) were positive for different types of intestinal parasites. Entamoeba histolytica (33.3%) and hookworms (33.3%) were the most common intestinal parasites, followed by Taenia spp. (22.2%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (11.2%). All intestinal parasites were detected in stool specimens with none recovered from the finger swabs. The educational level of the FHs was significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis (p=0.047). CONCLUSION: FHs in this study are carriers of intestinal parasites and their level of education is significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis. Periodic screening and eradication therapy for infested FHs are recommended to avoid outbreaks of FBD in hospitals.
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    Knowledge of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis and its Current Preventive Strategies in Children, among Healthcare Providers in Ilorin, North‑Central Nigeria
    (College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria, 2020) Abdulkadir, Mohammed Baba; Aderibigbe, S.A.; Ibraheem, Rasheedah Mobolaji; Fadeyi, Abayomi
    Context: Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged less than 5 years. Healthcare providers are responsible for implementing strategies for control of rotavirus gastroenteritis. Aims: To determine knowledge of healthcare providers regarding rotavirus gastroenteritis, its burden, management, and prevention. Materials and Methods: The study was a crosssectional descriptive survey of healthcare providers working in facilities caring for children.A self administered questionnaire was given to subjects containing questions on demographics and knowledge covering burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis, modes of transmission, age of occurrence, prevention, and rotavirus vaccines. Statistical analysis used: Data analysis was carried out with SPSS version 20. Results: Questionnaires were issued to 75 participants of which 65 (response rate = 86.7%) returned filled questionnaires. Majority (70.8%) of the subjects were females. Subjects included medical doctors (33.8%), nurses (32.3%), community health extension workers (27.7%), and laboratory scientists (4.6%). Most [39, 60.0%] subjects identified rotavirus as the commonest cause of diarrhea and only 21 (32.3%) indicated rotavirus contributed over 30% to the burden of diarrhea in these children. Fecooral route was recognized as a route of transmission by most subjects (95.4%) and 67.7% identified vaccination as a modality for prevention. Only six (9.2%) respondents could name any rotavirus vaccine. None of the demographic or occupational characteristics of the subjects was significantly related to awareness of effective rotavirus vaccines (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: Healthcare providers were aware of rotavirus as a cause of gastroenteritis in underfive children but most had poor understanding regarding its burden, prevention, and existing vaccines.
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    Knowledge of rotavirus gastroenteritis and its current preventive strategies in children, among healthcare providers in Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria.
    (2020-05-30) Abdulkadir, Mohammed B; Aderibigbe, Sunday A; Ibraheem, Rasheedat M; Fadeyi, Abayomi
    Context: Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children aged less than 5 years. Healthcare providers are responsible for implementing strategies for control of rotavirus gastroenteritis. Aims: To determine knowledge of healthcare providers regarding rotavirus gastroenteritis, its burden, management, and prevention. Materials and Methods: The study was a crosssectional descriptive survey of healthcare providers working in facilities caring for children. A selfadministered questionnaire was given to subjects containing questions on demographics and knowledge covering burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis, modes of transmission, age of occurrence, prevention, and rotavirus vaccines. Statistical analysis used: Data analysis was carried out with SPSS version 20. Results: Questionnaires were issued to 75 participants of which 65 (response rate = 86.7%) returned filled questionnaires. Majority (70.8%) of the subjects were females. Subjects included medical doctors (33.8%), nurses (32.3%), community health extension workers (27.7%), and laboratory scientists (4.6%). Most [39, 60.0%] subjects identified rotavirus as the commonest cause of diarrhea and only 21 (32.3%) indicated rotavirus contributed over 30% to the burden of diarrhea in these children. Fecooral route was recognized as a route of transmission by most subjects (95.4%) and 67.7% identified vaccination as a modality for prevention. Only six (9.2%) respondents could name any rotavirus vaccine. None of the demographic or occupational characteristics of the subjects was significantly related to awareness of effective rotavirus vaccines (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: Healthcare providers were aware of rotavirus as a cause of gastroenteritis in underfive children but most had poor understanding regarding its burden, prevention, and existing vaccines.
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    Prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella carriage among food handlers at a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria
    (University of Ilorin, 2020) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Akanbi II, A. A; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Fasiku, Mojirola Martina; Nyamngee, Amase; Ogunmodede, James Ayodele
    Food borne diseases such as salmonellosis and shigellosis remain a major public health problem across the globe especially in the developing countries. Food handlers are potential transmitters of food borne bacteria that cause these diseases. Periodic screening of food handlers can prevent life threatening outbreaks in hospitals and the larger community. This study therefore aimed at determining the carriage rate of Salmonella and Shigella spp. among food handlers at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin. This was an observational study of all the food handlers in the hospital who met the inclusion criteria for this study. They were screened for specific food borne pathogens from May to June, 2018. Hand swabs and fresh stool specimens collected from the food handlers were examined specifically for Salmonella and Shigella spp. using standard microbiological techniques. The socio-demographic characteristics of the food handlers were also obtained using structured questionnaires specifically designed for the study. Of 81 participants recruited into the study, Salmonella spp was isolated from the stool of 1 (1.2%) of the food handlers. No Shigella spp. was isolated from the stool cultures. The hand swabs revealed no isolate. The colonization rate of food handlers by Salmonella spp in this study, there is very low yet epidemiologically significant. Periodic screening and FBP eradication therapy for carrying/ infected FBHs is recommended to avoid outbreaks of food borne infections in the hospital.
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    Screening for Syphilis Among Blood Donors in Nigeria: Application of General Quality Principles
    (African Society for Blood Transfusion, 2019-12) Shittu, Akeem; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Olawumi, Hannah; Babatunde, Abiola; Omokanye Khadijat; Ogunfemi, Mutiat
    Background: Safety of blood for transfusion is a global concern. WHO and Africa Society for Blood Transfusion require a minimum of antibodies to Treponema pallidum or VDRL or RPR test on all donated blood units before transfusion. Application of general quality principle in screening for Transfusion Transmissible Infections, syphilis inclusive is a major determinant of safety of blood transfusion. Methods: Forty-eight health care facilities were recruited for the study between January and June 2018. A self-administered structured questionnaire, physical interactions and telephone calls were employed to collect all relevant data on quality measures, types of blood donors, total number of blood units screened and reactivity to syphilis screening tests. Results: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory method was used to screen all donations for syphilis at 81.3% of the facilities screened. Twenty seven of the 39 facilities that screened for syphilis validated their test kits, 24 facilities had written SOPs and quality control system while 33 and 6 facilities procured syphilis screening reagents through Hospital Managements and Departments. A total of 98 478 blood units were collected and screened for syphilis. Of the 831 samples found reactive, 405, 408 and 18 were obtained from tertiary, secondary and private hospitals and 384, 381 and 66 of the samples were from family replacement, paid and voluntary non-remunerated blood donors respectively. Conclusion: Majority of the facilities studied screened for syphilis using non-specific method and most employed general quality principles that conform to National and Africa Society for Blood Transfusion guidelines. Syphilis sero-prevalence of 0.84% was recorded in this study.