Browsing by Author "F.J. Fawole"

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    Effects of detoxified Jatropha curcas protein isolate on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and physio-metabolic response of Labeo rohita fingerlings
    (Hindawi Limited, 2018-01-23) F.J. Fawole; N.P. Sahu; N. Shamna; V. Phulia; B.O. Emikpe; A.A. Adeoye; A.Z. Aderolu; O.M. Popoola
    Jatropha protein isolate was prepared following the principle of isoelectric precipitation. The isolated protein is low in fibre, lipid and ash, and high in protein and gross energy contents. The antinutritional factors such as phytic acid, tannin and trypsin inhibitor were found to decrease after protein extraction except phorbol esters (PEs), which remain bounded to the protein matrix. Thus, the protein isolate was detoxified and the PEs content reduced significantly. For the feeding trial, six isonitrogenous diets were formulated as DJP 0, DJP 25, DJP 50, DJP 75, DJP 100, or DJP 100 + lysine with detoxified Jatropha protein isolate (DJP) in replacement for soybean protein isolate (SPI) and fed to L. rohita fingerlings (3.25 ± 0.02 g) for 60 days. The weight gain percentage (WG %), specific growth rate and metabolic growth rate values among the groups showed no significant difference (p > .05), except DJP 100 fed group. The feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, protein productive value, and survival, digestive and hepatic aminotransferase enzymes activities were not significantly affected, whereas intestinal alkaline phosphatase and serum alanine transaminase differ significantly (p < .05). Thus, this study revealed that DJP supplemented with lysine could replace 100% SPI protein without causing any significant effects on fish performance and organ integrity.
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    Heamato-immunological and physiological responses of Labeo rohita fingerlings to dietary fermented Jatropha curcas protein concentrate
    (Elsevier BV, 2017-10) N. Shamna; Parimal Sardar; Narottam P. Sahu; Vikas Phulia; M. Rajesh; F.J. Fawole; Asim K. Pal; G. Angel
    Jatropha protein concentrate (JPC) prepared from jatropha seed cake is toxic due to the presence of phorbol ester and antinutritional factors like tannin, trypsin inhibitor, phytate and non-starch polysaccharides. JPC was detoxified by solid state fermentation (SSF) and a feeding trial of 45 days was conducted to study the response of feeding fermented JPC (FJPC) on growth, haemato-immunological and physiological responses in rohu fingerlings. Seven iso-nitrogenous diets such as control (without JPC or FJPC), J5 (5% JPC), J10 (10% JPC), J20 (20% JPC), FJ5 (5% FJPC), FJ10 (10% FJPC) and FJ20 (20% FJPC) were prepared and fed twice daily. The weight gain and specific growth rate values showed an overall, linear and quadratic trend with similar value recorded in the control and FJ fed groups. Feed efficiency also showed an overall significant effect with a higher feed efficiency value recorded in the control (60.50) group which was similar to FJ (54.21–58.37) fed groups, while JPC fed groups registered the lowest value. The haematological studies showed a significantly (p < 0.05) lower red blood cells (RBC) and heamoglobin in all JPC fed groups and 5% FJPC group compared to control and other FJPC groups. The 10% and 20% JPC fed groups showed the highest blood glucose level than any other groups. Serum total protein and albumin followed similar trend as that of RBC and haemoglobin. The highest globulin value were observed in FJ10 group which was significantly different (P < 0.05) to other groups and lowest value was recorded in J20 group. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver was higher in J20, while in muscle, J10 and J20 registered the highest value compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Our study revealed that protein concentrate prepared from Jatropha cake cannot be fed directly to rohu without detoxification and solid state fermentation appears to be an ideal approach. Overall, FJPC can be utilized in the diet of rohu at 20% without any detrimental effect on heamato-immunological and physiological response.
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    Temporal patterns of physicochemical and bacteria profiles of static aquaculture systems: insights into health hazards for fish and the public
    (Elsevier BV, 2024-02) A. Abdulkadir; M.I. Abubakar; O.J. Abdulkadir; F.J. Fawole
    Knowledge on water quality in static aquaculture systems is crucial to gain understanding of health threats to fish or aquaculture personnel. In the present study, we investigated the temporal profiles of the bacteriological profiles and physicochemical status of static water aquaculture systems (earthen ponds and concrete tanks). All physicochemical parameters measured were within the optimum recommendation. Following microbial analyses in earthen pond water, the TVC and TCC showed temporal variations with concentration increasing with sampling time, however, FCC fluctuated, and 8 bacteria groups were isolated from both rearing enclosures. In which Gram (-) bacteria showed dominance, with 5 Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Serratia spp, Enterobacter spp and Pseudomonas spp) and 3 Gram positive (Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus spp, and Bacillus spp) encountered. From earthen pond water, the following microbial occurrences were reported: Staphylococcus spp (20%), Streptococcus spp (12%) Proteus spp (8%) Enterobacter spp (20%) Serratia spp (16%), Bacillus spp (9%), Escherichia coli (8%), Pseudomonas spp (7%). While Staphylococcus spp (18%), Streptococcus spp (16%), Proteus spp (8%), Enterobacter spp (22%), Serratia spp (8%), Bacillus spp (15%), Escherichia coli (8%), Pseudomonas spp (6%) occurred in concrete water. Taken together, although the physicochemical condition raised no well-fare concern, however, the bacteriological profile during this investigation showed potential health risk in static water aquaculture condition or to adjacent aquatic environment from end of production-discharge.