Browsing by Author "Eniayewu, I.O."
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Item Cytotoxicity and Anti-Proliferative Studies of Crinum Jagus L. (Amaryllidaceae) Bulb Extract(Bima Journal of Science and Technology, 2020) Salawu, K.M.; Atunwa, S.A.; Eniayewu, I.O.Crinum jagus is a flowering plant, commonly called poison bulb. Traditionally, the bulb extract is used in the treatment of several ailments including cancer. Cancer is a global cause of death characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. This research thus aimed to identify secondary metabolites present in the crude extract of C. jagus and evaluate its cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities using bench top assays. Whole C. jagus bulb was collected, air-dried under the shade and extracted into distilled methanol. The extract was concentrated in vacuum and subjected to; phytochemical analysis, brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay, Sorghum bicolor radical and Allium cepa root growth inhibitory assays. Data obtained was analyzed by Graphpad prism version 6.0. The whole bulb on extraction had a percentage yield of 12.15 % w/w. The phytochemical content of the extract includes alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and some glycosides. The extract demonstrated concentration dependent brine shrimp lethality (LC50 of 65.62±0.74 µg/mL), Sorghum bicolor radical growth inhibition (IC50 = 5.36±3.21µg/mL) and significant Allium cepa root growth inhibition comparative to cyclophosphamide (a standard anticancer drug). The extract was found to be rich in secondary metabolites which elicited significant cytotoxicity and antiproliferative activities. This is the first report of antiproliferative activity of C. jagus bulb extract. Hence, this study justifies the traditional use of the bulb in the treatment of cancer.Item Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activities of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of the Roots of Adenodolichos paniculatus against selected Pathogenic Microorganism(Pharmaceutical Society of Kenya, 2022) Njinga, S.N.; Lawal, B.A.; David, S.M.; Eniayewu, I.O.; Bello, N.; Shittu, A.O.; Kolawole, A.J.; Ene, O.C.; Bamidele, O.D.; Saka, K.L.; Kayode, M.S.; Rahimat, O.O.Drugs derived from natural sources present a significant alternative therapy in the management of infectious diseases. The increasing resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to orthodox medicine has necessitated the search for alternative means of treatment. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of Adenodolichos paniculatus against selected pathogenic microorganisms. Evaluation of phytochemical constituents was done using standard procedures and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-2-pic¬ryl-hydrazyl. Antimicrobial activity was investigated using fifteen pathogenic organisms, which included five gram-positive and seven gram-negative bacterial strains and three fungal strains using Agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition of the extract against the test organisms, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as well as the minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were determined. The extract was found to contain steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. The total phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins were found to be 1.427±0.02 mg/g gallic acid, 0.4239±0.19 mg/g quercetin, 5% and 75.23% respectively. The antioxidant activity at concentrations of 7.53 and 15.51 μg/mL were not statistically different from that of vitamin C (P<0.05) and the IC50 (Half-maximal inhibitory concentration) found to be 4.906 μg/mL. The zones of inhibition ranged from 22 – 47 mm while the MIC and MBC/MFC was observed to be 5 to 10 mg/mL, and 10 to 40 mg/mL respectively. The availability of phytochemicals with remarkable antioxidant activities and the demonstration of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi strains show that A. paniculata root is a potential source for the production of antioxidants as well as antimicrobial drugs.Item Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activities of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of the Roots of Adenodolichos paniculatus against selected Pathogenic Microorganisms(Pharmaceutical Journal of Kenya, 2022) Njinga, S.N.; Lawal, B.A.; David, S.M.; Eniayewu, I.O.; Bellol, N.; Abiodun, Kolawole, A.J. O.S.; Ene, O.C.; Bamidele, O.D; Saka, K.L.; Kayode, M.S.; Rahimat, O.O.Drugs derived from natural sources present a significant alternative therapy in the management of infectious diseases. The increasing resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to orthodox medicine has necessitated the search for alternative means of treatment. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of Adenodolichos paniculatus against selected pathogenic microorganisms. Evaluation of phytochemical constituents was done using standard procedures and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl. Antimicrobial activity was investigated using fifteen pathogenic organisms, which included five gram-positive and seven gram-negative bacterial strains and three fungal strains using Agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition of the extract against the test organisms, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as well as the minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MBC/ MFC) were determined. The extract was found to contain steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. The total phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins were found to be 1.427±0.02 mg/g gallic acid, 0.4239±0.19 mg/g quercetin, 5% and 75.23% respectively. The antioxidant activity at concentrations of 7.53 and 15.51 µg/mL were not statistically different from that of vitamin C (P<0.05) and the IC50 (Half-maximal inhibitory concentration) found to be 4.906µg/mL. The zones of inhibition ranged from 22 â 47 mm while the MIC and MBC/MFC was observed to be 5 to 10 mg/ mL, and 10 to 40 mg/mL respectively. The availability of phytochemicals with remarkable antioxidant activities and the demonstration of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and fungi strains show that A. paniculata root is a potential source for the production of antioxidants as well as antimicrobial drugs.