Browsing by Author "Claudius-Cole, A.O"

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    Evaluation of the in vitro Response of Meloidogyne incognita to silver nano particle liquid from Agricultural wastes.
    (Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Sciences Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia, 2021) Fabiyi, O.A; Claudius-Cole, A.O; Olatunji, G.A; Abubakar, D.O; Adejumo, A.O
    Plant-parasitic nematodes attack is an important problem on crop production worldwide. Meloidogyne javanica is a potentially damaging pest of several crops. Laboratory studies were conducted to examine the effect of supernatant liquid from the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with agricultural wastes on the survival and hatching of Meloidogyne javanica juveniles and eggs. The experiment consisted of five treatments (carbofuran, corn cobs, rice husk, guinea corn chaff, and a distilled water control) at three concentrations of 10, 20, and 30%. Each was repeated three points in a complete randomized design. Nematicidal bioassay revealed a consequential (p=0.05) decrease in egg hatch rate in 20 and 30% concentrations of the nanoparticle supernatant liquid. Similarly, percentage mortality increased significantly (p=0.05) in the nano supernatant liquid, with the corncob silver nanoparticle having the highest percentage of mortality. These results concluded that the agricultural waste of silver nanoparticle supernatant liquid could be cost-effective and eco-friendly of nematicide
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    In vitro assessment of n-phenyl imides in the management of Meloidogyne incognita.
    (Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica. University of Life Sciences, Prague., 2021) Fabiyi, O.A; Claudius-Cole, A.O; Olatunji, G.A
    The infestation with root knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. is a key issue in agriculture. Conventional control methods are based on the use of synthetic nematicides, which comes with severe environmental problems. In this study, n-phenyl imide and n-phenyl phthalamic acid were synthesized and reacted independently with Enantia chlorantha crude extract–manganese chloride complex. The effects of the resulting organic compounds were appraised against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White 1919) juveniles and eggs in two laboratory experiments. The most active compound was n-phenyl phthalamic acid (PN/TLMA) with 4% egg hatch over a 9-day observation after treatment as against distilled water which recorded 100% egg hatch at 9 days after treatment. n-Phenyl phthalamic acid showed 100% juvenile mortality at 10 days of observation compared to carbofuran dissolved in water (CBFN/water) and carbofuran dissolved in hydroxypropyl- β-cyclodextrin (CBFN/HPCD) while no outstanding (P < 0.05) difference was recorded between the effects of other organic compounds and carbofuran in both solvents. The different rates of treatment applications were not appreciably (P<0.05) dissimilar on percentage juvenile mortality and egg hatch. The nematicidal test results indicated that the synthesized imide compounds with manganese complex moiety are a promising basis for developing new nematicidal compounds with less environmental hazard.
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    Porous Starch Citrate Biopolymer for Controlled Release of Carbofuran in the Management of Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita
    (Biotechnology Reports. Elsevier, 2020) Fabiyi, O.A; Saliu, O.D; Claudius-Cole, A.O; Olaniyi, A.O; Oguntebi, O.V; Olatunji, G.A
    The undesirable environmental impacts of inappropriate application of pesticides have brought about research into new matrices for controlled release of pesticides. Porous starch citrate biopolymer was designed for the release of carbofuran in this experiment and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) for functional group, surface morphology and thermal stability properties respectively. The SEM revealed highly stabilized porous starch citrate biopolymers with porous structures and gradients suitable for controlled release studies. The transmittance bands at 3347, 1714 and 1073 cm 1 for OH, CO and COC ¼ stretching vibrations further confirms the successful synthesis of the biopolymer. TGA showed an increase in the thermal stability after citric acid modification with one-step decomposition from 290 C to 500 C. From Korsemeyer-Peppas model, the carbofuran-porous starch citrate (CBFN/PRS/ STH/CTRT) followed a lower diffusion release model with gradual increment in all the quantity of carbofuran loaded. An accelerated rate of diffusion percentage was seen in direct application of carbofuran. Egg hatch and mortality of juveniles were recorded on daily basis for seven days. Direct application of carbofuran (CBFN/DRT) and carbofuran-porous starch citrate biopolymer gave the best results with significant (p < 0.05) reduction in egg hatch and higher percentage mortality. The rate of release of carbofuran from the starch citrate bio polymer matrix was significantly lower than the direct application, and in spite of the slow rate of release, higher juvenile mortality and reduction in egg hatch was achieved