Browsing by Author "Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa"

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    3D Quantitative structure–activity relationship to predict the anti-malarial activity in a set of Cycloguanil Analogs
    (Discovery Scientific Society, 2022) Agede, Olalekan Ayodele; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Adenike, Adeniyi F; Mokuolu, Olugbenga A; Falade, Catherine O
    Anti-malarial drugs such as chloroquine, Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and mefloquine have become ineffective in the treatment of malaria due to development of resistance by the malaria parasite. Consequently, the rise in defiance to older drugs initiated an emergency and a continuing need for the invention and development of novel antimalarial agents to treat vulnerable and drug-resistant burdens of malaria. A significant problem of malaria treatment and control is drug resistance procured by malaria parasites. one of the majorly examined enzymes in antimalarial drug composition due to its prospective role in Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis is Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) in Plasmodium falciparum (PfDHFR- Thymidylate synthase (TS); TS refers to DHFR-linked thymidylate synthase in Plasmodium falciparum), which prompted the depletion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. Hence, the purpose of this research aims to recognize prospective hits inhibiting DHFR and optimize them to the highest effectiveness and harmlessness in malaria treatment with a design strategy approach from the Chembl database, we procured Cycloguanil derivatives with biological activity data (pKi). The three-dimensional physicochemical captions of the compounds were computed. Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model was constructed and a molecular mechanism was deduced by docking assay. Appertaining to the analysis, eleven (11) 3D descriptors were found to be accountable for pharmacological result related with Cycloguanil derivatives while hydrogen bonds were found to be ascribed to their strong binding affinities. The generated QSAR model was attested and found to be strong, which can be used to predict the action of novel compounds to the design of new antimalarials.
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    A clinicopathological review of colonic polyps in a tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria
    (Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, 2018) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Ogunmodede, James Ayodele; Agodirin, Sulaiman Olayide; Ibrahim, Olatunde O. Kazeem; Adeyeye, Ademola A; Bamidele, Opeyemi F; Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Okonkwo, Kenechukwu C; Aliyu, Aminu Mansa
    Background: Colorectal polyps, especially adenomas, are known as precursors of colorectal carcinomas. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and histopathologic characteristics of colonic polyps among Nigerians that underwent colonoscopy at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. The authors also determined the polyp detection rate and adenoma detection rate. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of all colonoscopy examinations performed at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin from March2013 to September2017. The endoscopy register was reviewed, and patients’ biodata, indications for colonoscopy and colonoscopic findings were recorded on a proforma. The histopathologic reports of the polyps were also retrieved and their diagnosis confirmed. Results: A total of 289 patients had colonoscopy carried out on them. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 90 years with a mean ± SD of 57.0 ± 15.3 years and a median age of 58years. There were 178(61.6%) males and 111 (38.4%) females giving a M:F ratio of 1.6:1. The indications for colonoscopy were rectal bleeding124(42.9%); suspected colorectal cancer 67(23.2%); abdominal pain 22 (7.6%); chronic diarrhea 18 (6.2%); surveillance colonoscopy 12 (4.2%); constipation 11(3.8%); change in bowel habit 9(3.1%); occult bleeding 6(2.1%); others 20(6.9%). Endoscopic findings were normal findings 89(30.8%); hemorrhoids 88 (30.4%); colonic polyps 50 (17.3%); diverticulosis 34 (11.8%); rectal cancer 29 (10.0%); colon cancer 24 (8.3%); colitis 19 (6.6%); others 13 (4.5%). The findings were not mutually exclusive. The diagnostic yield was 69.2%. The overall polyp detection rate was 17.3%. Of the 50 patients with polyps, 33 (66.0%)were males (p=0.481). The adenoma detection rate was 4.8%. Conclusion: The authors conclude that their observed polyp detection rate is consistent with the estimated rates for Africa. Rectal bleeding and adenomatous polyps were the commonest presentation and histopathologic finding, respectively
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    A STUDY OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN ILORIN
    (The Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Nigeria (SOGHIN), 2020) Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Ogunmodede, James Ayodele; Bamidele, Opeyemi F; Okonkwo, K.C.; Aliyu, Aminu Mansa; Ogbu, Lawrence O.
    Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer and the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite being the 6th most common cancer it is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths. It is a major cause of cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Aim: To study the symptom profile and the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infection among patients with HCC in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with HCC managed at the study center from January 2013 to December 2017. The diagnosis of HCC was made based on the symptoms, physical examination and radiological findings. A structured proforma was used to obtain socio-demographic, clinical presentation and laboratory data from patients who met our inclusion criteria. The data obtained was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences version 22. Results: A total of 109 HCC patients whose ages ranged from 23-89 years with a mean age (SD) of 45.3 (14.0) years were studied. Eighty-two (75.2%) of these were males and the < 45 years age group had the highest frequency of 57 (52.3%). Weight loss 100 (91.7%), abdominal swelling 98 (89.9%) and abdominal pain 96 (88.1%) were the most prevalent presenting complaints. Jaundice 47 (43.1%), wasting of the small muscles of the hand 35 (32.1%), sparse axillary hair 25 (22.9%) and finger clubbing 24 (22.0%) were the prevailing stigmata of chronic liver disease whereas liver tenderness 85 (75.2%), irregular liver surface 79 (72.5%), hard liver 64 (58.7%) and ascites 65 (59.6%) were the commonest findings on abdominal examination. These were not mutually exclusive. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C among the patients with HCC was 56.9% and 3.7% respectively. Conclusion: HCC is more prevalent among young persons aged < 45 years and among males in UITH, Ilorin. Weight loss, abdominal pain and swelling are the commonest presentation. The prevalence of hepatitis B infection among them is high whereas that of hepatitis C is low.
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    A survey on the knowledge, attitude and acceptance of male sterilzation among men in Ogbomoso, South West Nigeria
    (College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, 2017) Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Akinola, S.E; Aworinde, O.O; Ogunlaja, Idowu Pauline; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa
    Background: Traditionally, majority of the family planning services and campaigns focus on women without much consideration given to their male partners. In our society, there is bias, myth and misconception about vasectomy, this has resulted in a significant reduction in the willingness of men to seek vasectomy as a means of family planning. This study aims to identify the level of awareness and acceptance of male sterilization among men in Ogbomoso, south west Nigeria. Methods: This study was a cross sectional survey carried out among men in Ogbomoso, participation was voluntary and three hundred men had the questionnaires complete and suitable for analysis. Result: This study revealed a high level of awareness of family planning methods among men in Ogbomoso. However, less than half of these men agreed that men should be involved in family planning despite a higher number of the respondents being aware of vasectomy as a means of contraception. The common reasons for not accepting of vasectomy varied from preference for other methods of contraception, cultural taboos, religious sentiments, similarity to castration , fear for surgery and surgical complications. Conclusion: Renewed effort has to be made which will be aimed at improving the level of information about vasectomy in the public domain especially by the media and health care workers. This effort should also be targeted at religious organizations, clerics and traditional institutions this is because most of these misconceptions have deep rooted religious and cultural sentiments. This can also be achieved by ensuring synergy between government, non governmental organizations, advocacy groups, traditional and religious rulers.
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    Assessment of Medication Prescribing Indicators Using the World Health Organization Standard Indices in a Tertiary Hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences and Basic Clinical Sciences , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 2023) Agede, Olalekan A; Ogunmodede, James Ayodele; Ole, Joseph O; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Oyedepo, Dapo S; Sanni, Nasiru; Aiyedun, Olawale Stephen
    Background: Drug use is the most common option in treating disease conditions in clinical practice. Irrational prescription and use of medicine have become a major problem in Africa. The patterns of medication prescription in this environment have been under-studied. Evaluating these patterns is essential to provide information that may guide actions towards improving the prescription standards and mitigate the problems associated with irrational prescription and use of medicine. The study aimed to assess medication prescribing patterns by all cadres of doctors in the General Outpatient Department of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) using the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators. Methods: It was a six-month retrospective study of medication prescription by all cadres of the doctors attending to outpatients in the General Outpatient Department of UITH between 1st July, 2022 – 31st December, 2022. A validated data capture form was used for the study following the WHO prescribing indicator guidelines. The results were displayed using the arithmetic means, frequencies, and percentages. Results were interpreted by the recommended ideal values by the WHO. Results: 1,650 prescriptions were reviewed, 914 were included in the study. This study found that all the analyzed prescription indices fell short of the WHO recommended threshold. An average of 2.25 medications were prescribed per patient. The percentages of encounters with injections, antibiotics, and other medications by generic name were 87.2%, 66.9%, and 73.2%, respectively. 53.8% of the medications prescribed came from the essential medicine list. Conclusion: All medication prescribing indicators assessed were found to be below the ideal value recommended by WHO. Therefore, we advocated for the training of prescribers and the formulation of policies that will promote the prescription of medications in line with WHO guidelines.
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    Barriers to Placenta Donation for Bio-Medical Reasearch Purposes Among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria.
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2021) Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Aina, A.S.; Ogunlaja, Idowu Pauline; Aina, I; Abiola, Olajide Olusegun; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Olasinde, Yetunde T; Bakare, Y.T; Ajari, O.O
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    Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Ogbomoso, South West, Nigeria
    (Global Health and Education Projects, Inc., 2015) Idowu, Ajibola; Deji, Samson Ayo; Aremu, Olatayo Ayodele; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Ofakunrin, Akinyemi David
    Background: Information on factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) is central in designing cost effective programs for reducing maternal deaths among women. This study assessed factors infl uencing BP/CR among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Ogbomoso, South West Nigeria. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between January and April, 2015. Systematic sampling technique was employed to recruit 400 women attending antenatal clinic at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection and data analysis was done using SPSS version 21. Chi-square test was used for bivariate analysis while binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results: More than half (51.3%) of our respondents were in the 30-39 age category. Only 40.3% of these respondents were reported well prepared for births and were complication ready. The proportion of women who had BP/CR was signifi cantly higher among those in the middle socio-economic group (51.6%, p<0.05), those who practiced Christianity (76.4%, p<0.05) and those from Yoruba ethnic group (80.1%, p<0.05). Respondents in lower socio-economic group were 42% less likely to have prepared for birth compared to women in the high socio-economic class (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-0.99). Conclusion and Global Health Implications: The proportion of Nigerian women in our sample who were well-prepared for birth and its complication was below average. There is need for more awareness programs on BP/CR; such programs should target all women especially the vulnerable group.
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    Characteristics of patients with acute heart failure in North Central Nigeria
    (College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osun State, 2021) Ogunmodede, James Ayodele; Kolo, Philip Manma; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Dele-Ojo, Bolade F; Ogunmodede, Adebusola Jane; Omotoso, A.B
    Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is an important cause of hospital admission in Nigeria. HF is increasingly prevalent because the population is aging and HF epidemiology is changing. We aimed at profiling the socio-demographic, clinical and echocardiographic (Echo) characteristics of patients admitted for acute HF. This is one of the largest cohorts of HF patients profiled in Nigeria so far. Methods: Cross sectional design. Socio-demographic, clinical and Echo data were collected from 455 patients admitted for AHF at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, North central, Nigeria. Results: Mean age of patients was 58.9± 15.7years, (men were older than women, P= 0.006). 265(58.2%) were males, most patients were aged >60 years, 4.8% had pre-existing Type2 Diabetes mellitus. 53.2% of patients presented in New York Heart Association Stages III and IV. Median duration of admission was 11days (IQR, 6-17), intrahospital mortality- 11.6%. Hypertension was the commonest aetiological factor (62.4%), followed by dilated cardiomyopathy 17.6%, rheumatic heart disease (6.6%), Peripartum cardiomyopathy (5.3%), and others. Conclusion: AHF patients in our study are older than those in previous studies in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa. Hypertension is main driver of AHF, and patients largely present with clinically advanced disease necessitating stronger public health education about risk factors and early presentation.
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    Colonoscopic examination of rectal bleeding in children: A report of two cases.
    (The Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria and the Pan-African Paediatric Surgical Association, 2012) Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Obateru, Olusegun A; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Ibrahim, O.O.K.; Babalola, O.M
    Rectal bleeding in children is a frightening and cause of great concern, and of parental anxiety. In this report, we present the value of colonoscopy to unravel the diagnostic conundrum often associated with rectal bleeding in children.
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    Evaluation of adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral medications among HIV/AIDS patients in a teaching hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka., 2023) Agede, Olalekan Ayodele; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Jimoh, Maryam Abimbola; Wasagu, Isa Musa; Ogunjemilua, Sunday Bode
    The morbidity and mortality caused by HIV/AIDS have significantly decreased as a result of the introduction of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The frequent occurrences of HAART adverse drug reactions (ADRs) potentially negate the recent advances made in the treatment of the infection. The aim of this present study is to assess the frequency, severity, and connection between ADRs and the HAART regimens being utilized by HIV/AIDS patients in an Ilorin teaching hospital. Using a validated data capture form created for the study, we retrospectively evaluated and analyzed the clinical records of patients living with HIV/AIDS who received treatment at the Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic in UITH between January 2022 and December 2022. The severity of the ADRs was evaluated using a modified Hartwig and Siegel scale, and causality was evaluated using Naranjo's likelihood scale. The evaluation included 384 patient case files that met the inclusion criteria. The most prevalent adverse medication reactions were seen in young adults between the ages of 31 and 40, and they were more common in females (65.9%) than in males (34.1%). Patients with the most often prescribed first-line combination of Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Dolutegravir experienced the highest frequency of ADRs. The most frequent ADRs were nausea and vomiting (39.6%), followed by loss of appetite (29.4%), and exhaustion (15.9%). The majority of ADRs (92.7%) were mild in nature, and 80.5% were likely caused by the HAART combination that was being used, according to the assessment of severity. Loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent ADRs. They were frequently observed in female patients receiving the tenofovir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir first-line combination. The majority of ADRs were low in severity and most likely resulted from the usage of the HAART combination. ADRs should be actively monitored, patients should be taught to promptly report ADRs, and HAART combinations with a history of proven safety and efficacy should be used in order to build on the successes of HAART in the treatment of HIV/AIDS
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    Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions to Antiretroviral Medications among HIV/AIDS Patients in a Teaching Hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, University of Nigeria., 2023) Agede, Olalekan Ayodele; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Jimoh, Maryam Abimbola; Wasagu, Isa Musa; Ogunjemilua, Sunday Bode
    The morbidity and mortality caused by HIV/AIDS have significantly decreased as a result of the introduction of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The frequent occurrences of HAART adverse drug reactions (ADRs) potentially negate the recent advances made in the treatment of the infection. The aim of this present study is to assess the frequency, severity, and connection between ADRs and the HAART regimens being utilized by HIV/AIDS patients in an Ilorin teaching hospital. Using a validated data capture form created for the study, we retrospectively evaluated and analyzed the clinical records of patients living with HIV/AIDS who received treatment at the Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic in UITH between January 2022 and December 2022. The severity of the ADRs was evaluated using a modified Hartwig and Siegel scale, and causality was evaluated using Naranjo's likelihood scale. The evaluation included 384 patient case files that met the inclusion criteria. The most prevalent adverse medication reactions were seen in young adults between the ages of 31 and 40, and they were more common in females (65.9%) than in males (34.1%). Patients with the most often prescribed first-line combination of Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Dolutegravir experienced the highest frequency of ADRs. The most frequent ADRs were nausea and vomiting (39.6%), followed by loss of appetite (29.4%), and exhaustion (15.9%). The majority of ADRs (92.7%) were mild in nature, and 80.5% were likely caused by the HAART combination that was being used, according to the assessment of severity. Loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent ADRs. They were frequently observed in female patients receiving the tenofovir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir first-line combination. The majority of ADRs were low in severity and most likely resulted from the usage of the HAART combination. ADRs should be actively monitored, patients should be taught to promptly report ADRs, and HAART combinations with a history of proven safety and efficacy should be used in order to build on the successes of HAART in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.
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    Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome with colorectal cancer in two Nigerians: a report of two cases and review of literature
    (African field epidemiology network (AFENET), 2018) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Agodirin, Sulaiman Olayide; Ibrahim, Olatunde O. Kazeem; Okonkwo, Kenechukwu C; Aliyu, Aminu Mansa
    Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the presence of numerous adenomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and associated with risk for colorectal cancer. The disease is scarcely reported in Nigeria and this is the index report in Ilorin. Two cases were clinically diagnosed in our facility. They both presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and numerous rectal and colonic polyps were identified at colonoscopy. Histological examination of the polyps in both cases revealed features in keeping with adenomatous polyps. This report highlights the occurrence of this precancerous condition.
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    From traditional birth attendants to hospital: a maternal near-miss
    (South Sudan Doctors’ Association, 2017) Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Fehintola, A.O., Ogunlaja, I.P., Idowu, A., Abiola, O.O. & Bojuwoye, M.O.; Ogunlaja, Idowu Pauline; Idowu, Ajibola; Abiola, O.O.; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa
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    Gastric Adenomyoma: An uncommon cause of dyspepsia and a rare endoscopic finding
    (Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan., 2020) Bamidele, Opeyemi F; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Lawal, Mudashiru; Bello, Ruth Adabe
    Background: Gastric adenomyoma (GA) is a rare benign lesion comprising of ducts and glands embedded in smooth muscle stroma. Thirty-seven (37) cases of GA were identified until 1993, however, only 15 cases are said to have been reported from 1993 to 2016. Oesophagogastroscopy has been widely used in evaluating GA. However, the diagnosis of GA remains exclusively histological. Case: We report a 26-year-old Nigerian woman who presented with recurrent dyspepsia with her endoscopic findings suggestive of GA. GA was confirmed by histology, and she was managed conservatively. Conclusion: This report will contribute to creating awareness of this uncommon condition and also reminding physicians in considering GA as a possible differential of dyspepsia
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    Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: A review of current trends
    (Nigerian Medical Association, 2013-01) Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Obateru, Olusegun A; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa
    Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the formation of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer. Eradication of H. Pylori has been recommended as treatment and prevention for these complications. This review is based on a search of Medline, the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and citation lists of relevant publications. Subject heading and key words used include H. Pylori, current treatment and emerging therapy. Only articles in English were included. There has been a substantial decline in the H. pylori eradication rates over the years, despite the use of proton pump inhibitor and bismuth salts for triple and quadruple therapies respectively. The reasons for eradication failure are diverse, among them, antibiotic resistance is an important factor in the treatment failure. Primary resistance to clarithromycin or metronidazole significantly affects the efficacy of eradication therapy. This has led to the introduction of second line, third line “rescue,” and sequential therapies for resistant cases. Subsequently, new antibiotic combinations with proton-pump inhibitors and bismuth salts are being studied in the last decade, to find out the antibiotics that are capable of increasing the eradication rates. Some of these antibiotics include Levofloxacin, Doxycycline, Rifaximin, Rifampicin, Furazolidone based therapies. Studies are ongoing to determine the efficacy of Lactoferrin based therapy.
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    Hepatocellular Carcinoma - A Synopsis Of Current Developments
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2017-10) Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Obateru, Olusegun A; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Olokoba, Lateefat B.
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    Indications and findings at colonoscopy in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Nigerian Medical Association, 2013) Olokoba, Abdulfatai Bamidele; Obateru, Olusegun A; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Olatoke, Samuel Adegboyega; Bolarinwa, Oladimeji Akeem; Olokoba, Lateefat Bukola
    Background: Colonoscopy is a safe and effective means of visual inspection of the large bowel from the distal rectum to the caecum. It may be carried out for diagnostic and or therapeutic reasons. There is a paucity of data on this procedure in Nigeria. We, therefore, determined the indications, findings, and diagnostic yield in Nigerians at colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out at the Endoscopy unit of Crescent hospital, Ilorin from January 2010 to May, 2012. The endoscopy register was reviewed, and the biodata, indications and colonoscopic findings were recorded on a pro forma. Results: A total of 103 patients had colonoscopy. Seventy (68.0%) were males while 33 (32.0%) were females. The indications for colonoscopy were rectal bleeding 41 (39.8%), suspected colon cancer 32 (31.1%), chronic constipation and chronic diarrhoea nine each (8.7%), abdominal/anal pain five (4.9%), suspected anorectal cancer and enterocutaneous fistula two each (1.9%), faecal incontinence, occult gastrointestinal bleeding, post-colostomy for Hirschsprung disease one each (1.0%). Endoscopic findings were normal findings 21 (20.4%), diverticulosis 17 (16.5%), polyps 16 (15.5%), haemorrhoids 16 (15.5%), anorectal cancer 13 (12.6%), angiodysplasia 12 (11.7%), colon cancer eight (7.8%), colitis 7 (6.8%), anorectal ulcer 4 (3.9%), anal warts two (1.9%), anal fissure, caecal tumour, faecal impaction and proctitis one each (1.0%). The diagnostic yield was 79.6%. Conclusions: The commonest indication for colonoscopy was rectal bleeding, while the most frequent pathology was diverticulosis. The diagnostic yield was high.
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    INDICATIONS AND POSITIVITY RATES OF 14C-UBT FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI DETECTION
    (Kenya Medical Association, 2023) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Agede, Olalekan A; Ilesanmi, Omotoyosi Nike; Aiyedun, Olawale Stephen; Suleiman, S.T.; Aliyu, Aminu Mansa; Ojimi, O.O.
    Background: In order to diagnose H. pylori infection, the 14C-UBT (14 Carbon Urea Breath Test) has become a popular non-invasive diagnostic method. Understanding the 14C-UBT indications and the associated positivity rates can offer helpful insights on the frequency of H. pylori infection in various clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection as determined by the 14C-UBT and to analyze the causes of the patterns seen in various clinical presentations. Methods: From 2012 through 2019, pertinent data, including biodata, symptoms, and test results, were obtained from the authorized register. Statistical software for social sciences (SPSS) v22 was used to examine the data once they had been entered into a spreadsheet. Results: The findings revealed that the prevalence of H. pylori infection was highest in people between the ages of 41 and 50, with 45 of 167 patients testing positive. The most frequent reason for performing the 14C-UBT was dyspepsia, with a high positive rate of almost 63.29%. This result can be related to the recognized relationship between H. pylori and chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, both of which are known to produce dyspeptic symptoms. Conclusion: In addition to highlighting dyspepsia as the most frequent indication for the 14C-UBT, this study sheds light on the greater frequency of H. pylori infection in the 41–50-year age group. The diagnosis and treatment of illnesses linked to H. pylori can be aided by understanding these patterns and relationships, ultimately leading to better patient care.
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    Intestinal Parasitosis Among Food Handlers in a Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria
    (Rwanda Biomedical Center/Rwanda Health Communication Center, Rwanda, 2020) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Fadeyi, Abayomi; Nyamngee, Amase; Fasiku, Mojirola Martina; Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Akanbi II, A. A
    BACKGROUND: Food borne diseases (FBD), such as intestinal parasitosis, remain a major public health issue across the globe, especially in developing countries. The entire hospital community is at risk of acquiring these diseases from food handlers (FHs) in hospitals. Hospitalized patients are particularly at risk primarily due to compromised immunity. OBJECTIVES: This study determined the carriage rate of intestinal parasites and assessed the socio-demographic factors associated with carriage among FHs in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study that involved screening of all FHs in the hospital for intestinal parasites was conducted from May 2018 to June 2018. Finger swabs and fresh stool specimens of the FHs were collected and examined for intestinal parasites following standard microbiological techniques. The socio-demographic characteristics of the FHs were also obtained using structured questionnaires specifically designed for the study. RESULTS: Of the 81 FHs studied, 9 (11.1%) were positive for different types of intestinal parasites. Entamoeba histolytica (33.3%) and hookworms (33.3%) were the most common intestinal parasites, followed by Taenia spp. (22.2%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (11.2%). All intestinal parasites were detected in stool specimens with none recovered from the finger swabs. The educational level of the FHs was significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis (p=0.047). CONCLUSION: FHs in this study are carriers of intestinal parasites and their level of education is significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis. Periodic screening and eradication therapy for infested FHs are recommended to avoid outbreaks of FBD in hospitals.
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    Knowledge and Uptake of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine for Prevention of Cervical Cancer Among Secondary School Females in Ogbomoso, South West Nigeria
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2018-01) Ogunlaja, Olumuyiwa Ayotunde; Akinola, S.E; Aworinde, O.O; Ogunlaja, Idowu Pauline; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa