Browsing by Author "Bello, Ibrahim K."
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Item Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among Fulani herdsmen in Rural Community of Nigeria(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, 2016) Bello, Shakirat I.; Ojieabu, Winifred A.; Bello, Ibrahim K.Hypertension is progressively becoming more prevalent in Nigeria and has not been studied in some demographics. The purpose of the study was to assess the risk factors and occurrence of hypertension among Fulani herdsmen in Nigeria. A descriptive cross sectional study on hypertension was conducted among Fulani herdsmen residing in rural communities of Ilorin East and Moro Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Nigeria, from the ages of 18 years and above. The eight hundred and seventy–two (872) subjects used in this study were sampled based on convenience as dictated by the inclusion and exclusion criteria and availability of subjects. The consenting subjects completed a standardized questionnaire. Blood pressure, weight and height were measured and recorded using standard calibrated equipment. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were conducted. Of the 872 herdsmen, 351 (40.3%) were aged 18–30 years and 632 (72.5%) migrated from the North–West zone of Nigeria. Almost all (n=858, 98.4%) of the subjects were ignorant of hypertension. Overweight and obesity were uncommon among the subjects (0%). The occurrence of hypertension was 17.3% with overall average systolic blood pressure (BP) of 128.8±12.3 mmHg and diastolic BP of 84.0±8.0 mmHg. Risk factors of hypertension identified among these Fulani herdsmen were types of diet [OR 0.578; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.113–1.418, p< 0.028], smoking habit [OR 5.147; CI: 1.023–25.884, p < 0.017] and age [OR 2.656; CI: 0.682–8.556, p < 0.031]. Majority of hypertensive herdsmen were not aware of their status. Public health awareness on the risk factors of hypertension such as smoking and diet type is essential to reduce the burden among this population.Item World Health Organization Indicators for Rational Use of Drugs in a Nigerian Secondary Hospital(Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, India., 2016-06) Bello, Shakirat I.; Ojieabu, Winifred A.; Bello, Ibrahim K.Purpose: Prevention of irrational drug use may reduce healthcare costs and potentially save lives. In line with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation, retrospective, prospective and cross sectional descriptive studies were conducted to obtain information on patient care, prescribing, and facility indicators in the Outpatient Department of General Hospital, Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria. Methodology: A sample of 1,416 prescriptions was randomly selected to determine the prescribing indicators. A total of 472 patients were interviewed to collect information on the drugs being used by the patients. Information on health facility indicators were obtained by assessing sufficient supply of vital drugs, and access to information about these drugs in the hospital. Findings: Majority of the patients were females with mean age of 56.2 ± 7.1 years. The average number of drugs per prescription (2.6) was higher than WHO recommendation (1.6-1.8), and most (58.1%) of the drugs prescribed were branded rather than 100% generics. Percentages of antibiotics (23.8%) and injectable drugs (3.4%) prescribed were within WHO cut-off values of 20.0-26.8% and <10.0%, respectively. The Nigerian Essential Drugs List was available in the facility, and a high percentage (99.7%) of drugs was prescribed from the list. The average time used in dispensing drugs (5.26 ± 2.33 minutes) was also adequate and within WHO recommendation (>3 minutes). Appropriate drugs dispensed and adequate labeling were 87.4% and 81.9%, respectively. Hypertension (28.8%) was the most prevalent disease in the community. Conclusion: The study concluded that most of the prescribing indicators did not meet WHO standard criteria. Social Value: The health facility and patient care indicators are rational. Data obtained in this study can be used to monitor and improve drug prescribing habits of physicians in this facility.