Browsing by Author "Bello, Ronke H"

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    Bacteriological Quality of Locally Fermented Milk (Nono) and Commercial Yoghurts Marketted in Ilorin
    (Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice, 2016) Shittu, Abiodun O; David, Susan M; Aliyu, Abdulmalik; Bello, Ronke H; Olajide, R.O
    Eleven samples comprising of six branded yoghurts and five unbranded „nono‟ purchased from seven different locations randomly selected in Ilorin city were evaluated for their bacteriological quality. The physicochemical properties were determined using standard methods. Results for the total bacterial count for yoghurt ranged from 3.08 × 102 cfu/mL to 9.67×102cfu/mL while that of „nono‟ ranged from 1.056×103cfu/mL to 3.152×103cfu/mL. Eleven bacteria species were identified in this study. A total of forty-five isolates were obtained with Staphylococcus aureus (17.8%) and Pasturella multocida (17.8%) having the highest frequency. Others were Aeromonas hydrophilia (15.6%) Klebsiella oxytoca, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Actinobacillus spp (8.9%), Xanthomonas maltophilia (6.7%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Salmonella (4.4%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.2%). Marketed yoghurts and locally produced „Nono‟ in Ilorin were found to be contaminated with mostly Gram negative bacteria belonging majorly to the Enterobacteriaceae family and a Gram positive organism (Staphylococcus aureus). The yoghurt and „nono‟ samples were found to be of unacceptable microbiological quality. The presence of these pathogenic organisms in these commonly consumed dairy products could constitute public health hazards and possibly food poisoining especially if they are stored under inappropriate conditions for longer periods of time.
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    Biofilm Detection and Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates from In-Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in A Tertiary Hospital
    (Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice, 2018) Aliyu, Abdulmalik; Bello, Ronke H; David, Susan M; Olufadi-Ahmed, Haisat Y; Salami, Omoseye; Itodo, Ene P
    A survey for the detection of biofilms amongst uropathogens was conducted in a Medical ward of a Tertiary hospital in Ilorin, Kwara State. This was done to determine the prevalence of biofilm producing uropathogens among patients with CA-UTI (Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection) using MTP (microtitre plate) method. Effect of media variations in the production of biofilms and the antibiogram pattern of the isolates were also determined. Out of the 50 urine samples collected and analyzed, 27 (54.0 %) yielded growth and 28 isolates were identified. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent (42.9 %), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (35.7 %) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the least (21.4 %). A total of 59. 3 % of the isolates were resistant to various antibiotics used and 39.3 % of the isolates were found to be multiple antibiotic resistant. Of the 28 uropathogens isolated, 21 (75.0 %) were biofilm formers comprising of 17.9 % high biofilm formers and 57.1 % of moderate biofilm formers while 25.0 % did not form biofilm in BHIsuc. High biofilm formation was observed in Staphylococcus aureus. There was variation in biofilm formation with different media as more isolates (75. 0 %) produced biofilm in BHIsuc than in TSBglu (67.9 %). Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have potential of biofilm production which could lead to relapse of disease condition and eventually treatment failure in CA-UTI.
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    Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Children with Gastrointestinal infection in Ilorin , Kwara state.
    (FACULTY OF SCIENCE, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY GUSAU, NIGERIA, 2025-07-01) David, Susan M.; Aliyu, Abdulmalik; Bello, Ronke H; Olufadi-ahmed, Haisha. Y.,; Abdul, Sabtiya. A.
    The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered one of the most significant public health challenges of the 21st century, posing serious risks to the effective treatment of infections, and threatening to undo decades of medical progress. This study aims to investigate the phenotypic patterns of extended spectrum beta- lactamases (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae in isolates obtained from two hospitals in Ilorin. A total of eighty- four non- duplicate stool samples were collected from children who had gastroenteritis. Bacterial isolation was carried out following standard laboratory procedures, and presumptive Gram-negative bacilli were stored on nutrient agar slants at 4ºC until needed. Forty (40) presumptive gram- negative bacterial isolates were sub-cultured, purified, and identified using Microbact 12E identification kit. Isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and thereafter screened for the production of ESBLs. Identified isolates include: Klebsiella spp. (16), Acinetobacter spp. (3), Enterobacter spp. (9), Citrobacter spp. (2), Morganella spp. (1), Providencia spp. (1), Yersinia spp. (1), Serratia spp. (6), and Proteus spp. (1). Imipenem showed the highest activity against the Enterobacteriaceae isolates by 92.5% followed by gentamicin, ciprofloxacin , ceftazidime, then sulphamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, amoxicillin clavulanate, tetracycline and amoxicillin had the least activity against the isolates by 17.5%.Twenty-one (21/40) multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates showing resistance to ≥ 3 antibiotics were identified, and 15 (71.43%) were phenotypically confirmed as ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae with 10/15 (66.67%) being from Klebsiella spp, 26.67% belonging to the Enterobacter specie and 6.67% belonging to Serratia specie. A moderately high rate (37.50%) of ESBL producers were identified among the Enterobacteriaceae isolates screened. This study has revealed that there is a rising antibiotic resistance and increasing prevalence of ESBLs among the Enterobacteriaceae family, which is of public health concern. There is therefore the need for control strategies to be implemented in our hospital and community settings.
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    Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection amongst patients in Biu, Borno state- Nigeria
    (International Research Journal of Microbiology (IRJM), 2011) Bello, Ronke H; Olabode, Hamza Olatunde K
    The soaring concern over co-infection rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst people in the country necessitated this survey in patients attending Abott Medical Centre, Biu in Borno State. Three hundred (300) patients were screened for both HIV and HBV using the rapid Chromatographic immunoassay for qualitative detection of HIV antibodies and HBV antigens in serum. Out of these 300 patients, 216 (72%) were negative to both HIV and HBV, 45 (15%) were HIV positive, 28 (9.3%) were HBV positive and 11(3.6%) were reactors to dual HIV and HBV infections. The co-infection rates showed association with age amongst positive reactors and in significance with gender. This study confirms occurrence of co-infections of HIV and HBV in the study area. Active surveillance through concurrent screening of both diseases during HIV testing and counseling as well as public awareness campaigns to educate the masses about the diseases is therefore recommended.
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    Plasmid Profile of Multidrug Resistant Isolates from Water and Fish
    (Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Development and Practice, 2018) Aliyu, Abdulmalik; Ibrahim, Yakubu K.E; Oyi, Ruqqaya O; David, Susan M; Olufadi-Ahmed, Haisat Y; Bello, Ronke H
    Plasmids are extrachromosomal genetic material that can replicate independently and usually harbour antibiotic resistance genes. This study evaluated the presence and sizes of plasmid from multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) isolates from water and fish using acridine orange as a plasmid curing agent. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of acridine orange to the 22 MAR ranged between 0.625 – 5.0 mg/mL. Majority (86.4 %) of the MAR isolates lost their resistant and became susceptible to more antibiotics indicating that their resistance was plasmid encoded. As much as 68.4 % of the isolates had one or more plasmid bands with sizes varying from 1.0 -3.0 kbp. The presence of plasmids - carrying MAR isolates in fish and river may heighten the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes to the environment which will pose a serious threat to the human health.