Browsing by Author "Bayewu, OO"
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Item Application of cross-square array and resistivity anisotropy for fracture detection in crystalline bedrock(Springer, 2016) Bayewu, OO; Oloruntola, MO; Mosuro, GO; Laniyan, TA; Fatoba, JO; Folorunso, IO; Kolawole, AU; Bada, BTAbstract Azimuthal cross-square array resistivity soundings were used to detect fractures and investigate the anisotropic properties of crystalline basement rocks in some parts of Eruwa, southwestern Nigeria. Resistivity measurements were taken at ten locations using an Ohmega terrameter. The technique involves the rotation of the electrode array in four different azimuths, namely, 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°, at electrode spacing of A(2)1/2. The measured apparent resistivity were used to calculate azimuthal resistivity, fracture strike, bedrock anisotropy, coefficient of anisotropy, secondary porosity, and azimuthal inhomogeneity ratio (AIR). The results showed that the measured apparent resistivity changed with the orientation of the array implying fracture anisotropy in the subsurface. The calculated azimuthal resistivity shows that values increase with electrode spacing with polar plots indicating varied fracture directions. Primary fractures in the study area are oriented dominantly in N-S, NW-SE, and E-W directions which contrast with NE-SW and E-W trends of their secondary counterparts. Few tertiary fractures are aligned in E-W direction. Coefficient of anisotropy (λ) ranges between 1.05 and 3.68, while bedrock anisotropy (N) varies from 1.002 to 2.483; calculated secondary porosity (fracture porosity) ranges from0.07 to 0.99. The comparison of the fracture porosity and mean resistivity revealed four major fracture zones in the study area. Interpreted AIR (azimuthal resistivity ratio) values of −5.09 to 0.97 show that anisotropy inhomogeneity of the study area is low. This work therefore gives insight to anisotropic properties as well as the fracture characteristics in the study areaItem Characterization of Aquifer Potential Using Dar-zarrouk parameters in a Crystalline Basement, Southwestern, Nigeria(Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 2021) Adewoye, AO; Bayewu, OO; Folorunso, IOPotable groundwater is a rare resource in some part of Okeiho southwestern Nigeria, assessing and delineating its feasible zones of high potential using non-invasive geoelectric investigation is really vital so as to monitor the successful exploration of the underground water. The study area is underlain predominantly with coarse porphyritic granite and syenite including pyrozene diorite. Thirty six (36) Vertical electrical soundings (VES) were surveyed around built up areas using ABEM SAS 1000 Terrameter with potential and current electrode spacing varied from 0.5 to 15mand 1 to 160 m respectively with VES curves interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively using curve matching techniques. Geoelectrical properties such as weathered resistivity layer, Overburden thickness, weathered thickness layer, bedrock relief, basement resistivity, reflection coefficient and the Dar-Zarrouk parameters were determined from each VES point and contoured so as to distinguish the groundwater prospects within the studied area. Typical curves corresponding to VES data include A’ ,‘H’, ‘HKH’ and ‘KH’. The most prevalent curve –type is H-type, comprising of 67% curves observed while the ‘A’, ‘KH’ and ‘HKH’ types establish 22%, 8.3% and 2.7% .The thickness of the overburden ranges between 2.8 – 16.8 m ;the weathered layer thickness range from 1.4 – 14.1 m ; the basement resistivity ranges from 357 – 14760 Ωm; the longitudinal conductance ranges from 0.022 – 0.39 Ω-1 ,;the transverse resistance has values ranges from 53 – 4760 Ωm2 , and the electrical anisotropy has values ranges from 1 to 1.8.The northern, eastern and central portion is described by decrease in overburden thickness , weathered resistivity layer , total longitudinal conductance, indicating low aquifer potential, transverse resistance unit, total longitudinal conductance unit , and electric anisotropy values increases towards the southwestern part , reflecting moderate aquifer prospects. In such manner, the southwestern part of the studied portions are categorized as moderate groundwater prospects; while the northern and eastern part are categorized as area with poor groundwater prospectItem Estimation of Reserve – Overburden Ratio of A Proposed Quarry Site Using Resistivity Survey: A Case Study of Ajebo, Near Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria(American-Euroasian Network for Scientific Information, 2011) Bale, RB; Bayewu, OO; Folorunso, IO; Oloruntola, MOThe geophysical and geotechnical assessment of the granite deposit at Idi-Osan Ofagada village near Abeokuta, southwestern Nigeria, have been undertaken and the exploitation suitability of the deposit established. The area is underlain by the granite gneiss rocks of the Precambrian Basement complex of southwestern Nigeria. Fourteen Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) of Schlumberger array were carried out on the areas covered with overburden to determine their resistivity characteristics, overburden thickness and the reserve tonnage of the basement rock. The compressive strength and the specific gravity of the rock were measured to determine its competency and density respectively. The area is gridded into 5 by 6 blocks for more accurate calculations of the parameter for the estimation of the reserve. The reserve is estimated for elevation datum of 150m, 160m and 170m. Taking into account the economic implication for the removal of overburden, a minimum ratio of overburden to basement thickness of 1:1 and a limiting 10m overburden is considered to be the economically exploitable area. The VES results showed a two to three geoelectric layers; the sandy weathered layer, clayey layer and the basement. The isopach and geoelectric sections revealed that the overburden thickness varies from 1.5m to 23.6m with the thickest overburden of 10m and above occurring in the north-western and south-eastern parts. Geotechnically, the deposit has an average compressive strength of 47.68N/mm2 Young Modulus of 633N/mm2 and specific Gravity of 1.615. The reserve estimates obtained for 170m, 160m and 150m elevation datum are 4.42 x 105, 17.17 x 105 and 37.09 x 105 tons respectively. The results showed that the exploitation of rock in the area is economically viable most especially at 160 and 150m datum