Browsing by Author "Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon"

Now showing 1 - 16 of 16
  • Item
    Analysis of the pull and push factors for substance abuse in Nigeria
    (Nigerian Defence Academy Press, 2023) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Owoyemi, Julius Olugbenga
    Substance abuse remains a growing global concern, and it’s particularly becoming a public health and social concern in Nigeria (Balogun, 2021; Jatau et al., 2021; Adeyemo et al., 2016). The recent world drug report estimated that in 2020, 1 in every 18 people aged 15–64 worldwide – an estimated 284 million people (representing 5.6 per cent of the population) – had reportedly used a drug in the past 12 months; and the number of those who used drugs (284 million) in 2020 was 26 per cent higher than in 2010 (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime [UNODC], 2022). There is also a high surge in the global production and use of cocaine, and the seizures of other illicit drugs such as amphetamine and methamphetamine have also increased rapidly, despite covid-19 pandemic (UNODC, 2022). Nigeria is witnessing an increase in illicit drug trafficking and abuse. In its 2019 Annual Report, the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) reported that a total of 612,903.48 kilogrammes (kg) of illicit drugs were seized in 2019, compared to 317,764.85 Kilogrammes seized in 2018, representing an increase of 48.15 per cent. Also, cannabis remained the most trafficked drug in Nigeria, as the agency seized about 602,654.49kg in 2019, compared to the seizure of 273,249.08 kilogrammes of the same drug in 2018, representing an increase of about 54.66 per cent (NDLEA, 2019). It has also been reported that in Nigeria, one in seven persons aged 15–64 years had used a drug, apart from tobacco and alcohol, in the past year (UNODC, 2018).
  • Item
    Criminal victimisation: Conceptual and theoretical perspectives
    (The Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2021-02) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Akangbe, Tomisin Adedunmola; Salihu, Habeeb Abdulrauf
    Every crime is targeted at someone or something. Criminal victimisation is not just a concept, but a major area of research interest in victimology – a subfield of criminology. Thus, criminologists interested in criminal victimisation beam their searchlight to understanding its extent, pattern, cause, as well as its effect. Hence, this work aims at conceptual and theoretical review of the concept. In achieving the foregoing aim, the study, therefore, relies on secondary sources of data such as published works, journals, textbook, internet-based materials, among others. Based on the theoretical review, it was found that the cause(s) of criminal victimisation is multidimensional, ranging from victim precipitation, lifestyle-exposure risk factors, social disorganisation as found in victimogenic place, absence of capable guardian as espoused by routine activities theory, among others.
  • Item
    Entrepreneurship as a strategy for empowering female survivors of intimate partner violence in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, 2022) Fawole, Olufemi Adeniyi; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Akangbe, Tomisin Adedunmola
    Entrepreneurship has become accepted as an imperative means to improve livelihood, boost job creation and ensure economic independence. Economic dependence on their abusers is one of the reasons battered women may not quit abusive relationships, hence the need to have a steady means of sustenance both for themselves and their children. In-depth interview from ten female survivors of Intimate partner violence, were analysed using the content analysis procedure, which was further predicated on the 1988 Gondolf and Fisher Survivor theory. The study revealed that female survivors of IPV were able to cater to their needs through the financial aids received from the State Government and also through their participation in the skill training and acquisition programmes put in place by the State. Entrepreneurship, when embraced can be the solution to this over-reliance of women on their abusive partners. This paper looks at the role entrepreneurship can play in empowering women especially those who suffer economic abuse in intimate relationships.
  • Item
    The nexus between bipolar disorder and crime commission
    (The Department of Economics and Development Studies, 2016-07) Amali, Sadiq Ewaoda; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    This paper established connections between mental illness (bipolar disorder) to crime commission. Bipolar disorder is a medical condition which needs to be addressed, even at that it has been neglected in the past. Instead of finding a long-term cure for bipolar disorder patients, most patients were restricted to temporary treatment like administering sedatives to calm them during the period of attack. Government, medical practitioners should come up with new ideas of treating bipolar disorder patients as previous treatment has been yet to achieve desired results. The paper begins with an overview of mental illness, a conceptual explanation of crime and bipolar disorder (BD) delves further into the relationship between bipolar disorder to the crime commission, and the consequences of bipolar disorder (BD). This paper concludes that bipolar disorder as a mental illness is believed to be a major motivation for criminality. Mentally derailed individuals were disposed to violence and crime. This shows a connection between crime and mental illness with specific reference to bipolar disorder. The paper recommends that government at all levels should ensure better treatment for bipolar disorder patients by providing drugs which will have a long-term cure for bipolar disorder patients.
  • Item
    Nigeria Police and contemporary law enforcement: Issues and challenges
    (The Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2021-02) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Fawole, Olufemi Adeniyi; Amali, Sadiq Ewaoda
    The police is regarded as the gatekeeper of the criminal justice process and the biggest and most visible subsystem of the criminal justice system entrusted with the constitutional duty to protect the citizens. In Nigeria, however, the police suffer from negative public image, and have come under intense criticisms over the way they carry out their law enforcement duties. Therefore, this work presents a review of major issues and challenges facing the Nigeria police force regarding its capacity to effectively discharge its constitutional duties. The work employed secondary sources of data such as text books, journal articles, newspapers and internet-based materials among others. The result shows that, some of the major factors hampering police effectiveness include corruption, poor personnel welfare, shortage of manpower, police brutality and abuse of power, colonial legacy, political interference, nepotism, among others. It is recommended among others that the police force should make the welfare of their officers a top concern, and the issue of police corruption should be thoroughly dealt with using reward-punishment approach. In addition, nepotism and favoritism in recruitment and promotion of officers should be discouraged.
  • Item
    Organizational factors affecting employees' commitment: a study of Global Soap and Detergent Industry, Ilorin
    (Department of Sociology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, 2017) Abdulbaqi, Salihu Zakariya; Alaya, Hafeez Ibrahim; Isiaq, Atanda Abdulwaheed; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    All commitment-based organizations have come to term with believe that employees organizational commitment contributes in no small measure to workforce stability, better customer service, increase business performance and productivity. In this study therefore, the researchers explore the factors which are likely to affect employees' organisational commitment in a manufacturing industry. A quantitative survey was conducted and data was collected by personally administered questionnaires from 147 respondents consisting of both management and staff if Global Soaps and Detergent Industry Ilorin. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi square and SPSS version 20. The results reveal that there is a significant relationship between different organizational commitment of staff of the industry. Regression Co-efficient results also show that all factors that predict organizational commitment are positively related. Factors affecting the organizational commitment of the workers include rewards, support from supervisor, favourable conditions of the job among others. This study has implications for managers HR practitioners by exerting efforts in a way that organisations can easily retain their experienced human capital and reduce turnover. The findings also recommend that commitment-based organizations need to continue to reinforce organizational support for their staff to strengthen organisational commitment.
  • Item
    Organizational factors affecting employees’ commitment: a study of global soap and detergent industry, Ilorin
    (Department of Sociology Ekiti State University., 2017) Abdulbaqi, Salihu Zakariya; Alaya, Hafeez Ibrahim; Isiaq, Atanda Abdulwaheed; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    All commitment-based organizations have come to term with believe that employees organizational commitment contributes in no small measure to workforce stability, better customer service, increase business performance and productivity. In this study therefore, the researchers explore the factors which are likely to affect employees' organisational commitment in a manufacturing industry. A quantitative survey was conducted and data was collected by personally administered questionnaires from 147 respondents consisting of both management and staff if Global Soaps and Detergent Industry Ilorin. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi square and SPSS version 20. The results reveal that there is a significant relationship between different organizational commitment of staff of the industry. Regression Co-efficient results also show that all factors that predict organizational commitment are positively related. Factors affecting the organizational commitment of the workers include rewards, support from supervisor, favourable conditions of the job among others. This study has implications for managers HR practitioners by exerting efforts in a way that organisations can easily retain their experienced human capital and reduce turnover. The findings also recommend that commitment-based organizations need to continue to reinforce organizational support for their staff to strengthen organisational commitment.
  • Item
    Organizational factors affecting employees’ commitment: a study of global soap and detergent industry, Ilorin
    (Department of Sociology Ekiti State University., 2017) Abdulbaqi, Salihu Zakariya; Alaya, Hafeez Ibrahim; Isiaq, Atanda Abdulwaheed; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    All commitment-based organizations have come to term with believe that employees organizational commitment contributes in no small measure to workforce stability, better customer service, increase business performance and productivity. In this study therefore, the researchers explore the factors which are likely to affect employees' organisational commitment in a manufacturing industry. A quantitative survey was conducted and data was collected by personally administered questionnaires from 147 respondents consisting of both management and staff if Global Soaps and Detergent Industry Ilorin. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi square and SPSS version 20. The results reveal that there is a significant relationship between different organizational commitment of staff of the industry. Regression Co-efficient results also show that all factors that predict organizational commitment are positively related. Factors affecting the organizational commitment of the workers include rewards, support from supervisor, favourable conditions of the job among others. This study has implications for managers HR practitioners by exerting efforts in a way that organisations can easily retain their experienced human capital and reduce turnover. The findings also recommend that commitment-based organizations need to continue to reinforce organizational support for their staff to strengthen organisational commitment.
  • Item
    Perceptions of state policing among tertiary students in Ilorin: A qualitative study
    (Caleb University, Lagos, 2024-11) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Alliu, Sadiat Iyabode
    State policing has become a prominent topic in Nigeria’s ongoing efforts to reform law enforcement and address security challenges. This study, therefore, investigated how students in some selected Nigerian tertiary institutions perceived state policing, with an emphasis on their knowledge of the concept, its efficiency in upholding law and order, and their reservations about its implementation. 32 undergraduate students majoring in criminology and security studies at the University of Ilorin and Kwara State Polytechnic Ilorin provided qualitative data through structured interviews. Analysis of the data showed that responses from 16 participants reached topic saturation. Thematic analysis revealed that students expressed worries over political meddling, corruption, and possible violations of human rights, even as the majority expressed cautious optimism about the ability of state policing to increase security. The paper stressed the necessity of addressing these challenges and offers recommendations for the effective implementation of state policing. Keywords: Criminology, Nigeria, police, policing, state policing, undergraduate students.
  • Item
    Prevalence and effects of bullying on emotional status and academic achievement of secondary school students in Abuja, Nigeria
    (Department of Sociology Kogi State University, Anyigba, 2016-07) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    Bullying, the process of intimidating or mistreating somebody weaker or in a more vulnerable situation, is mostly common among young people; particularly, among students of secondary schools. This study, therefore, investigated its prevalence and effects on emotional status and academic achievement among secondary school students in Abuja, Nigeria’s federal capital city. One hundred and twenty (120) senior secondary students were randomly selected from four secondary schools purposively selected within the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC). Structured questionnaire was used for data collection, while data obtained were processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. Simple percentages and frequency distribution were used for descriptive analysis. The study found among other things that about 60 percent of the respondents agreed that bullying negatively affects the emotional status of the bully (the perpetrator), and 78.3 percent also agreed that bullying affects the victim’s emotional status negatively. On the other hand, about 60 percent of the respondents agreed that bullying negatively affects the bully’s (perpetrator’s) academic achievement, while 75.8 percent agreed that bullying has negative effects on the victim’s academic achievement. The study recommended that school authorities should devise strategies of preventing bullying in schools.
  • Item
    Prevalence and effects of bullying on emotional status and academic achievement of secondary school students in Abuja, Nigeria.
    (Department of Sociology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria, 2016-07) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    Bullying, the process of intimidating or mistreating somebody weaker or in a more vulnerable situation, is mostly common among young people; particularly, among students of secondary schools. This study, therefore, investigated its prevalence and effects on emotional status and academic achievement among secondary school students in Abuja, Nigeria’s federal capital city. One hundred and twenty (120) senior secondary students were randomly selected from four secondary schools purposively selected within the Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC). Structured questionnaire was used for data collection, while data obtained were processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16. Simple percentages and frequency distribution were used for descriptive analysis. The study found among other things that about 60 percent of the respondents agreed that bullying negatively affects the emotional status of the bully (the perpetrator), and 78.3 percent also agreed that bullying affects the victim’s emotional status negatively. On the other hand, about 60 percent of the respondents agreed that bullying negatively affects the bully’s (perpetrator’s) academic achievement, while 75.8 percent agreed that bullying has negative effects on the victim’s academic achievement. The study recommended that school authorities should devise strategies of preventing bullying in schools.
  • Item
    Psychoactive substance use among students in some selected public secondary schools in Ilorin, Kwara State
    (Department of Psychology, University of Ilorin, 2021-03) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    This study investigated the use of psychoactive substance among secondary school students in public schools. It focused on the prevalence of use, reasons for use, and perceived effect of psychoactive substance use among the students. The study adopted a survey design using structured questionnaire to obtain quantitative data from sample size of one hundred and fifty (150) senior secondary school students randomly selected from public (government-established) secondary schools within Ilorin metropolis. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistic such as frequency table and simple percentage, with the aid of statistical package for social science (SPSS), version 20. The study found among other things high prevalence of substance use among the secondary school students, with 54.0% and 41.3% reported lifetime and current use, respectively. Alcohol was found to be the most commonly used substance among lifetime and current users (76.5% and 74.2% respectively). The major reason reported for lifetime substance was based on curiosity and desire to experiment (71.6%), while the reported major reason for current substance was to be bold and strong (79.0%). The perceived effects of psychoactive use were found to include: running away from home (58.7%),addiction and more cravings for substances (54.0%), and poor academic performance (52.0%), among others. The study concludes based on the findings that psychoactive substance use is prevalent among secondary school students, especially in public schools, therefore, measures should be devised in curbing this menace. The study recommends, among others, that parents should adequately monitor their children and know the type of friends they associate with; children (students) themselves should shun association that can have negative influence on their behaviour; intensive sensitisation and anti-drug abuse advocacy should be championed in the community as well as in schools.
  • Item
    Psychological factors influencing migration decisions among healthcare professionals in Nigeria
    (Caleb University, Lagos, 2024-11) Alliu, Sadiat Iyabode; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon
    The mass migration of healthcare professionals from Nigeria, commonly referred to as "japa syndrome," has left a significant gap in the country's healthcare system. While economic and social factors in migration decisions are well-documented, the psychological dimensions remain significantly underexplored. This study aimed to identify key psychological factors and theoretical foundations explaining migration decisions and determine how these factors drive migration in Nigeria. This qualitative study was structured around two research questions: What psychological factors influence migration decisions? and how these psychological factors drive migration decisions and intentions. The study reveals that Nigerian healthcare professionals are driven by work-related stress, burnout, anxiety, and job insecurity, leading to migration for better opportunities abroad. These factors, explained by Maslow's hierarchy of needs, push and pull theory, and cognitive dissonance theory, present a comprehensive understanding. The study suggests systemic changes to reduce migration pressures for healthcare workers, including stress management programs, improved working conditions, professional recognition, and effective retention strategies.
  • Item
    The criminological schools of thought: A general overview
    (The Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2021-12) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Isiaka, Monsurat
    Criminology is an interdisciplinary field centred around the scientific study of crime and criminal behaviour, which include their forms, causes, legal aspects, and control (Schmalleger (2017). As an interdisciplinary academic field of study, criminology integrates knowledge in other academic disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, biology, history, psychology, psychiatry, geography, economics, political science, law, and medicine, to the understanding of criminal behaviour. However, the quest to explain why people deviate from social norms or commit crimes has been the preoccupation of criminologists and scholars for ages (Ikuteyijo & Ajani 2014; Odoma 2014). The insatiable desire of society for social order has inspired the need for explanation of antisocial behaviours (Odoma, 2014). Thus, several criminological schools of thought and theories have been founded, in an attempt to expound on the causes of crime and criminal behaviour. Theory is a set of interrelated propositions that attempts to describe, explain, predict, and ultimately control some class of events. Theories gain explanatory power from logical consistency and are “tested” by how well they describe and predict reality. Theory gives meaning to observations, explaining what we see in a particular setting by relating it to other things already understood (Schmalleger, 2017). Criminological theories are a set of testable ideas that explain criminal behaviour. But it must be stressed that criminology has no general theory that can explain all types of criminal behaviour. As a result, most theories used in criminology are mostly integrative– that is, a combination of ideas to explain crime causation.
  • Item
    Traditional ruler's political partisanship in Nigeria: A threat to national peace and security
    (2020) Aigbovbioisa, Felix Ogbewe; Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Itodo, Godwin Victor
    The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, as amended, does not provide traditional rulers with any institutionalised political role in governance and administration. Hence, they are perceived as and construed by their subjects and the general public as leaders who should remain apolitical. This is in contrast to the Nigerian pre- colonial era when traditional rulers wielded much political powers, and the colonial periods when traditional rulers were accorded constitutional responsibility on political matters in their domains. Even the post-colonial 1960 and 1963 Constitutions assigned certain political powers to the traditional rulers over matters in their domains which enabled them to better manage conflict and convoked peace making meetings when matters seemed out of hand and whatever outcomes of such meetings were respected by the subjects because traditional rulers' political powers then we're well articulated in the enabling laws hence, were not seen as leaders who should be apolitical. This work, therefore, argues that lack of a clear-cut political responsibility for traditional rulers in the nation's current 1999 Constitution is responsible for traditional rulers' unbridled political partisanship that causes either real or imagined tension among the subjects/citizens, threatening peaceful co-existence, national peace and security. The work is essentially theoretical and qualitative hence, it utilised extant literature. It is recommended among others that government should develop constitutional frameworks that would either insulate traditional rulers completely from partisan politics or a clear-cut constitutional-political responsibility be given to them such that any infractions or ultravires by them could easily be spotted and violators dealt with accordingly. Keywords: Traditional Rulers, Political Partisanship, National Peace, Security
  • Item
    Youths and Electoral Violence in Nigeria: Issues and Way Forward
    (Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2016-10) Balogun, Obasanjo Solomon; Abdulbaqi, Salihu Zakariya
    The Nigerian political landscape, since the return to democratic rule in May 29, 1999 has witnessed series of political violence. Of such violence is electoral violence. Although there are many scholarly writings and debates on the issue of electoral violence and particularly the role of the Nigerian youth in it, however, this paper aims at making further contribution to literature and the debate by examining issues surrounding electoral violence, particularly, factors predisposing the youth to electoral violence in Nigeria. The paper suggests the way forward to curbing electoral violence in the Nigerian polity. This paper relied heavily on secondary sources of information such as published works, journals, newspapers, and internet-based materials among others.