Browsing by Author "Bakare-Odunola, M.T.,"

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    CHARACTERIZATION, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIALS OF A HERBAL PREPARATION
    (Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019-03-01) Njinga, N.S.; Bakare-Odunola, M.T.,; Mustapha, K.B.,; Yahaya, T.,; Shittu, A.O.,; Bello, H. R.,; Abdullahi, S.T.,; Usman, S.O,; Ayanniyi, R.O.; Olufadi-Ahmed, H.Y.
    Herbal product (HP) (from Ricinus communis and honey) is used locally for the management of inflammatory and inflammation related disorders including asthma. The current study was carried out to determine the phytochemicals, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, chemical profile, elemental components, anti inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of the HP used for treatment of asthma. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteus reagent and AlCl3 colorimetric method respectively. The chemo-profiling was done using TLC. Elemental analysis was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Albumin-induced paw oedema model was used to determine the anti-inflammatory activity while agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the HP at different concentrations. Flavonoids, saponins, alkaloid, cardiac glycoside, steroids and terpenoids were detected in the HP. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents obtained were 10.00 mg/g gallic acid equivalent and 336.60 mg/g quercetin equivalent respectively. The chemo-profiling showed one spot at 254 nm but none at 366 nm. AAS indicated the presence of K, Ca, Fe, Na, Zn, Cu and Pb (Cu and Pb were within WHO acceptable limit). The 100 % concentration produced sudden but transient significant reduction in oedema size at 30 minutes. However, at 60 minutes the effect produced at 25 % was comparable to that of Ibuprofen at 20 mg/kg body weight. At 100% concentration HP all the organisms tested were sensitive except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The presence of flavonoids may justify the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities thus validating its use in local treatment of Asthma
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    Effects of UV, Red and Sun Light on the Stability of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity in the Rhizomes of Zingiber officinale (Zingiberacea).
    (Pharmaceutical Journal of Kenya, 2020-01-01) Njinga N.S.,; Bakare-Odunola, M.T.,; Abdullahi S.T.,; Abdulmajeed, F.F.,; Bello H.R.,; Adediran, J.O.,; Muhammad, Z.T.; Egharevba G.O.; Shittu, A. O; Attah, F. A. U
    Phytochemicals have been reported to be degraded by environmental factors such as heat, light and oxygen. Zingiber officinale (Rosc.) is widely consumed worldwide with remarkable medicinal properties due to its phytochemicals. This study investigates the effect of exposure to sun, red and ultraviolet light of Z. officinale for 168 hours on the stability of the phenols, flavonoids, saponins, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of this plant. Total phenolic and flavonoids content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent with gallic acid (GA) as standard and Colorimetric aluminium chloride method with quercetin as standard respectively and total saponin was also determined. The antioxidant and antimicrobial analysis of the irradiated rhizomes extracts were carried out using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and agar diffusion methods. The total phenolic, flavonoid and saponin content before exposure were 1.30±0.019 mg/g GA, 1.27±0.351 mg/g and 28.4±7.35% respectively while after exposure the values ranged from 1.21-1.40 mg/g GA for phenols, 0.981-2.0 mg/g of quercetin for flavonoid and 22.4-33.2% for saponins content respectively. The IC50 before exposure to the different light sources was 0.2025 mg/mL while after exposure the IC50 ranged from 0.0024 - 0.9262 mg/mL. Exposure to sunlight caused changes in the phytochemicals present as well as its antioxidant activity. Upon irradiation with the different light sources, there was significant increase (P<0.05) of DPPH radical scavenging activity as well as decrease in activity against Staphylococcus aureus 25913, Staphylococcus aureus 41, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. These changes may be due to degradation of the phytoconstituents. Appropriate storage of herbal materials is necessary to prevent phytodegradation.