Browsing by Author "Ayinla, A."
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Item Bioproductivity and grain quality of two cowpea varieties in relation to frequency of hand weeding(Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulbaki, S. A.; Ayinla, A.; Oladokun, L. T.; Udo, O. F.; Akinwumi, M. A.; Etejere, E. O.The concern for human health and safety coupled with the increase in herbicides resistant weeds necessitated the need to investigate the effect of frequency of hand weeding on weed suppression, productivity and grains quality in two varieties of cowpea (Tvx 3236 and Ife brown). Plot layout was a split-plot arrangement in complete randomized block design with three replications. The cowpea lines were subjected to five treatments of frequency of hand weeding. Data on weed and crop were subjected to Analysis of Variance. Means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test at 0.05 level of significance. Weed species that were found to be preponderant include Brachiaria deflexa, Euphorbia heterophylla and Commelina benghalensis. The three hand weeding at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP) showed the highest weed control efficiency of 90.48 % followed by those of two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAP (86.98%) and one hand weeding at 3 WAP (74.68%). The weed free check was the most effective in controlling weeds (93.80%). Growth and productivity of the two cowpea lines were enhanced with increase in frequency of hand weeding when compared with the weedy check. Weeds reduced crop yield by 56.17%. The results of grain quality such as crude protein, lipid content, ash and crude fibre were also enhanced with increase in frequency of hand weeding. Generally, growth and yield were higher in Ife brown than Tvx3236. The research was limited to one cropping season and there is need for reproducibility for consistent of results. The study concluded that weeding twice and three times were found to be feasible since these frequencies of weeding times promoted effective weed reduction, higher growth, and yield and grain quality of the two cowpea varieties studied.Item Comparative evaluation of NPK and chicken dropping on the growth and proximate composition of Amaranthus hybridus L(Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for Tropics, 2015) Olayinka, B. U.; Ayinla, A.; Ogbeche, F. O.; Etejere, E. O.This experiment was carried out to compare the effects of NPK 15:15:15 and chicken droppings on growth and proximate composition of Amaranthus hybridus. In each fertilizer, four application rates (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg of soil) were considered. There were twenty four pots arranged in completely randomized design with three replications. Plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, leaf area, and above-ground fresh and dry weight increased with increase in the rats of application compared with the control. The enhancements of these characters were in higher in NPK fertilizer than chicken dropping at all rates studied. Significant differences (p≤0.05) were recorded in the chemical parameters. In both fertilizers, the percentage moisture, ash, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat and total carbohydrate ranged from 16.34-18.80, 9.75-11.54, 13.50-16.84, 2.42-3.09 and 34.14-40.33% respectively. The percentage crude protein was enhanced in NPK treated plants compared to those of chicken dropping. Conversely, carbohydrate and fat were on the increase in chicken dropping than NPK. In both fertilizers, percentage moisture, ash and crude fibre increased with increase in application rates.Item Comparative evaluation of seed quality and physico-chemical properties of groundnut varieties consumed in Nigeria(AAU J. Physical & Applied Sciences, 2025) Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Abdulkareem, K A.; Kareem, I.; Babatunde, M. O.; Ayinla, A.; Sagaya, A.; Mustapha, O. T.Groundnuts have been established to have great health benefits due to their biochemical constituents. Varieties abound, differing in their quality of seed and oil characteristics; hence, the need to continually assess the characteristics of the seeds, most importantly the improved varieties, whose chemical composition and physico-chemical properties are scant in the literature. In this study, the proximate, mineral and physico-chemical properties of five groundnut varieties (KAMPALA, SAMNUTS 23, 24, 25 and 28) were evaluated using standard procedures. The results revealed that crude protein, fat and fibre were higher in SAMNUT23 when compared to other varieties. Aside from ash and carbohydrate, the KAMPALA variety recorded the lowest values of all parameters. Regardless of varietal differences in mineral elements, the seeds were rich in phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, compared to other essential elements such as zinc, iron, copper, and nitrogen. However, the mineral elements were significantly higher in SAMNUT varieties when compared to KAMPALA. The physico-chemical properties did not show appreciable differences except for acid value, iodine value and saponification values, which were significantly lowest in SAMNUT28. The findings revealed that all the SAMNUTvarieties, especially SAMNUT23, 24 and 25, had superior quality; hence, their use in seed certification, food processing and breeding programmes within the groundnut value chain in Nigeria should be encouraged.Item Comparative studies on the growth, yield and bulb quality of two onions (Allium cepa L.) varieties(FUTA Journal of Research in Science, 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Ademolu, O. O.; Akinwunmi, M. A.; Ayinla, A.; Etejere, E. O.Onions are vegetables that contain plant potent compounds that have been shown to promote human health in several ways. The biological productivity in terms of growth, yield and bulb qualities have been shown to vary among varietal type. Hence a field experiment was carried out to compare the growth, yield and bulb quality of two onions varieties (Allium cepa L. cv Red and White creoles). The field layout followed complete randomized block design with three replications. The data on biological yield and biochemical parameters were subjected to student t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that White creole had higher growth than Red creole. However significantly (p≤ 0.05) higher bulb yield was recorded in Red creole (1126kg/ha) compared to White creole (600kg/ha). Parameters such as number of bulb per plant, length and diameter did not show statistical differences. Composition of the bulb in terms of percentage moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, carbohydrate and energy value showed values that ranged from 86.1 ± 0.40 - 86.4 ± 0.64%, 0.6 ± 0.00 - 0.7 ± 0.02%, 3.3 ± 0.01- 3.6 ± 0.18%, 0.8 ± 0.01- 0.9 ± 0.01%, 1.7 ± 0.18 - 2.6 ± 0.07%, 7.0 ± 0.47 - 6.1 ± 0.29%, 48.9 ± 1.97 - 47.1 ± 1.93 kcal respectively. The moisture, protein, ash, carbohydrate and energy value of the two varieties did not show statistical differences. The vitamin C and sulphur contents values which ranged from 5.1 ± 0.08 - 3.5 ± 0.28 mg/100g and 248.1 ± 8.10 - 194.7 ± 3.40 mg/kg respectively were found to be significantly higher in Red creole than White creole. The results of this study suggests that Red creole consumption is better in the maintenance of healthy living while, White creole on account of high fibre content could be recommended for non-obese patients with indigestion problem.Item Effect of planting methods on growth and yield of groundnut cultivars(Legume Research, 2021) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, R. T.; Mohammed, H. A.; Murtadha, R. B.; Alzahrani, Y.; Ayinla, A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Etejere, E. O.Background: The low yield in groundnut which can be partly attributed to poor land preparation methods necessitated the need for alternative strategy of land preparation that will promote higher productivity in groundnut farming. Methods: A field experiment was carried out in two separate locations between May and August in 2016 to assess the effect of planting methods on growth and yield of groundnut cultivars. Result: The results revealed that groundnut crop sown on modified ridges and furrow with narrow furrow planting recorded significantly higher plant height, number of leaves, 50% flowering, yield attributes and yield when compared to other methods of planting All the groundnut cultivars responded positively to all planting methods except those grown on flat surface without beds. However, modified ridges and furrow with narrow furrow planting proved to be the best method.Item Effects of expired and non-expired pendimethalin and hand weeding on the bio-productivity and seed quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)(Science Journal of University of Zakho, 2023) Lawal, A. R.; Olayinka, B. U.; Ayinla, A.; Sidiq, A.; Bulala, A. F.; Muktar, S. M.; Abdulra’uf, L. B.The use of expired herbicides to suppress weeds growth is becoming prevalent among farmers. Hence the need to investigate and compare the effect of expired and non-expired pendimethalin and hand weeding on weed suppression, growth, yield and composition of groundnut. The experiment was carried to investigate seven weed treatments during the rainy season in 2020. These were sole pendimethalin non-expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha (T1), pendimethalin non-expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha + one hand weeding at 6 weeks after sowing (T2), pendimethalin expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha (T3), pendimethalin expired at 0.75 kg ai/ha + one hand weeding at 6 WAS (T4), two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAS (T5), weed free check (T6) and weedy check (T7). Desmodium trifolium, Amaranthus spinosus and Commelina benghalensis were the most preponderant weed species. Both expired or non-expired pendimethalin and their integration with one hand weeding reduced weed population than other treatments. Pendimethalin nonexpired + one hand weeding at 6WAS and two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAS significantly increased the growth parameters and yield when compared with other treatments. There was marked increase in protein, fat and ash contents of the seeds in all the weed control treatments than the weedy check. Also, the mineral elements (Fe, Ca, K and N) with the exception of zinc (Zn) were significantly higher in weed control treatments compared with the weedy check. The study established in spite of positive influence of all weed control treatments on seed quality, two hand weeding at 3 and 6 WAS and non-expired pendimethalin + one hand weeding 6 WAS, should be reinforced for weed control and the use of expired pendimethalin should be discouraged.Item Effects of organic, inorganic and organo-mineral fertilizer on the growth, yield and nutrient composition of Corchorus olitorious (L.)(Ceylon Journal of Science, 2018) Ayinla, A.; Alagbe, I. A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Lawal, A. R.; Aboyeji, O. O.; Etejere, E. O.Corchorus olitorius (L.) is an important leafy vegetable known for its rich source of several nutrients and dietary fibre in Africa, Asia and some parts of America. One major limitation of cultivating Corchorus olitorius in the tropics is inadequate soil fertility. Fertilizer application is an integral part of the vegetable cultivation due to low soil productivity. The study therefore aims at evaluating the effects of organic, inorganic and organo-mineral fertilizer at different concertation on the growth, yield and nutrient composition of Corchorus olitorious. The experimental setup followed a complete randomized block design with three replicates. Treatments include control, 1,000 kgha-1 sole poultry manure (PM), 2,000 kgha-1 sole PM, 200 kgha-1 sole NPK, 400 kgha-1 sole NPK, 600 kgha-1 sole NPK, 1,000 kgha-1 PM+200 kgha-1 NPK, 1,000 kgha-1 PM+400 kgha-1 NPK, 1,000 kgha-1 PM+600 kgha-1 NPK, 2,000 kgha-1 PM+200 kg/ha NPK, 2,000 kgha-1 PM+400 kgha-1 NPK and 2,000 kgha-1 PM+600 kgha-1 NPK fertilizer combinations. The growth, yield and nutrient composition of C. olitorious plants were significantly enhanced in all fertilizer treated plots in comparison to the control. Significantly (p<0.05) higher growth parameters, yield and nutrient composition were recorded in the plots treated with combined application of both fertilizers at 2,000 kgha-1 PM+400 kgha-1 NPK and 2,000 kgha-1 PM+600 kgha-1 NPK when compared to other application combinations. This study affirms that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer as a soil amendment could enhance growth, yield, and nutrient composition of C. olitorious in comparison with sole application of either fertilizers.Item Effects of priming on germination and biochemical attributes of three maize lines under NaCl stress condition(Bioagro, 2022) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani Y.; Kareem, I.; Ayinla, A.; Kolawole, O. S.; Adam, O. I.; Odudu, F. U.; Ibuowo, M. B.; Mustapha, O. T.; Sulyman, A.The adverse effect of salinity has been established to vary between different varieties of the same plant species. This study was therefore conducted to determine the tolerability of three newly released lines of maize to saline conditions when primed with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and salicylic acid (SA) each at 1.0 M concentration; seeds primed with distilled water were used as control. Concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mM NaCl were tested. The experiment followed a 3x3x5 factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. The results revealed significant interaction between maize lines and salinity where the germination percentage of line SWAN-LSR-Y was much more affected than the other lines at the salinity level of 50 mM, and its speed of germination was more affected than the others when passing from 150 to 300 mM NaCl. The seedling lengths (radicle and plumule) and seed vigor index were influenced by significant interaction between the primer and salinity, where EDTA enhanced better seedling growth than the other primers when the salinity did not exceed 150 mM. OMR-LSR-SY maize line did not show tolerability at this concentration. Similarly, EDTA and SA treated maize lines showed lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, most importantly in SWAN-LSR-Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y maize lines. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were enhanced in SWAN-LSR- Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y upon application of EDTA.Item Enhancing germination and seedling growth in salt stressed maize lines through chemical priming(Basrah Journal Agricultural Sciences, 2023) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, S. A.; Lawal, A. R.; Alsamadany, H.; AbdulRauf, L. B.; Ayinla, A.; Odudu, U. F.This study aimed to investigate the tolerance level and the use of primers (H2O, KNO3, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid), in mitigating stress in maize in the newly released cultivars (SWAN-LSR-Y, BR9928-OMR-SR-Y and OMR-LSR-SY). Activities of SOD, APX, CAT and GSH and lipid peroxidation were investigated, to measure the biochemical response of the primed maize seeds. Maize seeds primed with KNO3 and ascorbic acid improved germination and anti-oxidative potential against ROS in ameliorating the salinity stress, while salicylic acid slowed germination. The same trend was followed in the seed vigour index and radicle length of seeds primed with ascorbic acid, which recorded the highest values. The control was observed to have the highest seed vigour index, while seeds primed with salicylic acid showed the least vigour index in the maize seeds. Increased salinity stress showed adverse effects on all growth parameters. Of the maize cultivars tested, SWAN-LSR-Y showed the most tolerance to salinity stress, in terms of germination. Significant high enzymatic activities and lipid peroxidation were recorded in seeds primed with ascorbic acid and KNO3 show their importance in plant metabolic activities.Item Growth performance of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus var. tainung) in relation to sowing depths and soil type(Jewel Journal of Scientific Research (JJSR), 2019) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Ayinla, A.; Adeniran, A. S.; Adigun, B. A.; Sagaya, A.; Bashiru, B. T.; AbdulBaki, A. S.; Etejere, E. O.Kenaf is a non-woody plant that has become one of the important alternative sources of soft fibre material used for packaging materials, paper making and textile. Higher fibre production depends largely on suitable agronomical conditions or practices the plant is subjected to during cultivation. Hence, the need to investigate how different seeding depths and soil types influence the growth performance of the plant. Three soil types (loam, sand and clay) and five sowing depths (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm) were studied. The parameters assessed were germination and growth attributes. The results showed that percentage germination, speed of germination and ability of seeds to germinate were significantly increased when the seeding depth was at 2 cm over other seeding depths. Seeding depth at soil surface and those of 1 cm limited all the germination attributes. All the germination attributes were significantly increased in kenaf seeds sown in loamy soil when compared to the other soil types. The results of growth attributes such as plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, leaf area and above-ground dry weight and yield attributes such as number of capsules per plant, number of seed per capsule and number of seeds per plant followed similar trend as recorded for those of germination parameters. Kenaf seeds planted on sandy soil showed reduction in time of seedling emergence, better growth and yield compared to clay soil. The study concluded that 2 cm seeding depth and well-drained soil such as sandy-loam soil are suitable agronomical practice and condition respectively needed for higher productivity that will hitherto translate to greater fibre production. Therefore, the reliance on fibre producing trees could be reduced if these optimum seeding depth and suitable soil type are used by the farmer in the cultivation of this non-woody plant which has the bulk of its stem filled with soft fibre tissue.Item Phylogenetic position of Nigerian species of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) in the current infrageneric classification(Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2024) Tiamiyu, B. B.; Lateef, A. A.; Sagaya, A.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Ayinla, A.; Adeyemi, S. B.; Amenu, S. G.; AbdulRahaman A. A.; Mustapha, O. T.Curcuma longa L. (commonly known as Tumeric) is the only species of the genus Curcuma found in Nigeria. It is of great economic importance to Nigeria, Africa, Asia, and other parts of the world, where it is widely used for ornamental and medicinal purposes, and as spices in food and beverages. However, the phylogenetic placement of the turmeric plant (C. longa) in Nigeria is far from being fully resolved, hence the need for this study. The rhizomes of turmeric were collected at the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Oyo state. Genomic DNA was extracted, followed by the amplification of the ITS and psbA-trnH regions. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Maximum likelihood method. The result resolved the phylogenetic position of Nigerian species and supported existing subgenera classification into three clades, all with high bootstrap support for the three clades. The result of this study supports the subgenera classification of the genus and further reveals the phylogenetic position of C. longa.Item Rice straw: a valuable organic manure for soil amendment in the cultivation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)(Environmental and Experimental Biology, 2016) Ayinla, A.; Olayinka, B. U.; Etejere, E. O.The study focused on evaluating the effect of ground and unground rice straw as soil amendment on growth, yield and post-harvest soil nutrient concentrations. The experimental layout was a split-plot design with ground and unground straw as the main plots and different application rates (T0 = control; T1 =1250 kg ha–1, T2 = 2500 ha–1, T3 = 3750 ha–1, T4 = 5000 ha–1) as subplots. Rice straw at all application rates significantly increased all growth parameters when compared with the control. Application rates at 1250 and 2500 ha–1 of both ground and unground rice straw favoured higher yield when compared to other application rates and the control. Post-harvest soil nutrient concentrations were also higher under these rates except for calcium, magnesium and molybdenum. The results suggest that the use of rice straw at lower application rates could be considered as optimum for groundnut production. Its use could also limit environmental pollution arising from burning of rice straw.