Browsing by Author "Anuar, N. B."
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Item Malicious accounts: Dark of the social networks(Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2017) Adewole, K. S.; Anuar, N. B.; Kamsin, A.; Varathan, K. D.; Razak, S. A.Over the last few years, online social networks (OSNs), such as Facebook, Twitter and Tuenti, have experienced exponential growth in both profile registrations and social interactions. These networks allow people to share different information ranging from news, photos, videos, feelings, personal information or research activities. The rapid growth of OSNs has triggered a dramatic rise in malicious activities including spamming, fake accounts creation, phishing, and malware distribution. However, developing an efficient detection system that can identify malicious accounts, as well as their suspicious behaviors on the social networks, has been quite challenging. Researchers have proposed a number of features and methods to detect malicious accounts. This paper presents a comprehensive review of related studies that deal with detection of malicious accounts on social networking sites. The review focuses on four main categories, which include detection of spam accounts, fake accounts, compromised accounts, and phishing. To group the studies, the taxonomy of the different features and methods used in the literature to identify malicious accounts and their behaviors are proposed. The review considered only social networking sites and excluded studies such as email spam detection. The significance of proposed features and methods, as well as their limitations, are analyzed. Key issues and challenges that require substantial research efforts are discussed. In conclusion, the paper identifies the important future research areas with the aim of advancing the development of scalable malicious accounts detection system in OSNs.Item Multi-objective scheduling of MapReduce jobs in big data processing(Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2017) Hashem, I .A. T.; Anuar, N. B.; Marjani, M.; Gani, A.; Sangaiah, A. K.; Adewole, K. S.Data generation has increased drastically over the past few years due to the rapid development of Internet-based technologies. This period has been called the big data era. Big data offer an emerging paradigm shift in data exploration and utilization. The MapReduce computational paradigm is a well-known framework and is considered the main enabler for the distributed and scalable processing of a large amount of data. However, despite recent efforts toward improving the performance of MapReduce, scheduling MapReduce jobs across multiple nodes has been considered a multi-objective optimization problem. This problem can become increasingly complex when virtualized clusters in cloud computing are used to execute a large number of tasks. This study aims to optimize MapReduce job scheduling based on the completion time and cost of cloud service models. First, the problem is formulated as a multi-objective model. The model consists of two objective functions, namely, (i) completion time and (ii) cost minimization. Second, a scheduling algorithm using earliest finish time scheduling that considers resource allocation and job scheduling in the cloud is proposed. Lastly, experimental results show that the proposed scheduler exhibits better performance than other well-known schedulers, such as FIFO and Fair.Item The role of big data in smart city(International Journal of Information Management, 2016) Hashem, I .A. T.; Chang, V.; Anuar, N. B.; Adewole, K. S.; Yaqoob, I.; Gani, A.; Ahmed, E.; Chiroma, H.The expansion of big data and the evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have played an important role in the feasibility of smart city initiatives. Big data offer the potential for cities to obtain valuable insights from a large amount of data collected through various sources, and the IoT allows the integration of sensors, radio-frequency identification, and Bluetooth in the real-world environment using highly networked services. The combination of the IoT and big data is an unexplored research area that has brought new and interesting challenges for achieving the goal of future smart cities. These new challenges focus primarily on problems related to business and technology that enable cities to actualize the vision, principles, and requirements of the applications of smart cities by realizing the main smart environment characteristics. In this paper, we describe the state-of-the-art communication technologies and smart-based applications used within the context of smart cities. The visions of big data analytics to support smart cities are discussed by focusing on how big data can fundamentally change urban populations at different levels. Moreover, a future business model of big data for smart cities is proposed, and the business and technological research challenges are identified. This study can serve as a benchmark for researchers and industries for the future progress and development of smart cities in the context of big data.Item SMSAD: a framework for spam message and spam account detection(Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2017) Adewole, K. S.; Anuar, N. B.; Kamsin, A.; Sangaiah, A. K.Short message communication media, such as mobile and microblogging social networks, have become attractive platforms for spammers to disseminate unsolicited contents. However, the traditional content-based methods for spam detection degraded in performance due to many factors. For instance, unlike the contents posted on social networks like Facebook and Renren, SMS and microblogging messages have limited size with the presence of many domain specific words, such as idioms and abbreviations. In addition, microblogging messages are very unstructured and noisy. These distinguished characteristics posed challenges to existing email spam detection models for effective spam identification in short message communication media. The state-of-the-art solutions for social spam accounts detection have faced different evasion tactics in the hands of intelligent spammers. In this paper, a unified framework is proposed for both spam message and spam account detection tasks. We utilized four datasets in this study, two of which are from SMS spam message domain and the remaining two from Twitter microblog. To identify a minimal number of features for spam account detection on Twitter, this paper studied bio-inspired evolutionary search method. Using evolutionary search algorithm, a compact model for spam account detection is proposed, which is incorporated in the machine learning phase of the unified framework. The results of the various experiments conducted indicate that the proposed framework is promising for detecting both spam message and spam account with a minimal number of features.