Browsing by Author "Alsamadany, H."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Effects of priming on germination and biochemical attributes of three maize lines under NaCl stress condition
    (Bioagro, 2022) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulkareem, K. A.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani Y.; Kareem, I.; Ayinla, A.; Kolawole, O. S.; Adam, O. I.; Odudu, F. U.; Ibuowo, M. B.; Mustapha, O. T.; Sulyman, A.
    The adverse effect of salinity has been established to vary between different varieties of the same plant species. This study was therefore conducted to determine the tolerability of three newly released lines of maize to saline conditions when primed with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and salicylic acid (SA) each at 1.0 M concentration; seeds primed with distilled water were used as control. Concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mM NaCl were tested. The experiment followed a 3x3x5 factorial arrangement of treatments with three replications. The results revealed significant interaction between maize lines and salinity where the germination percentage of line SWAN-LSR-Y was much more affected than the other lines at the salinity level of 50 mM, and its speed of germination was more affected than the others when passing from 150 to 300 mM NaCl. The seedling lengths (radicle and plumule) and seed vigor index were influenced by significant interaction between the primer and salinity, where EDTA enhanced better seedling growth than the other primers when the salinity did not exceed 150 mM. OMR-LSR-SY maize line did not show tolerability at this concentration. Similarly, EDTA and SA treated maize lines showed lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, most importantly in SWAN-LSR-Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y maize lines. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were enhanced in SWAN-LSR- Y and BR9928-OMR-SR-Y upon application of EDTA.
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    Enhancing germination and seedling growth in salt stressed maize lines through chemical priming
    (Basrah Journal Agricultural Sciences, 2023) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, S. A.; Lawal, A. R.; Alsamadany, H.; AbdulRauf, L. B.; Ayinla, A.; Odudu, U. F.
    This study aimed to investigate the tolerance level and the use of primers (H2O, KNO3, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid), in mitigating stress in maize in the newly released cultivars (SWAN-LSR-Y, BR9928-OMR-SR-Y and OMR-LSR-SY). Activities of SOD, APX, CAT and GSH and lipid peroxidation were investigated, to measure the biochemical response of the primed maize seeds. Maize seeds primed with KNO3 and ascorbic acid improved germination and anti-oxidative potential against ROS in ameliorating the salinity stress, while salicylic acid slowed germination. The same trend was followed in the seed vigour index and radicle length of seeds primed with ascorbic acid, which recorded the highest values. The control was observed to have the highest seed vigour index, while seeds primed with salicylic acid showed the least vigour index in the maize seeds. Increased salinity stress showed adverse effects on all growth parameters. Of the maize cultivars tested, SWAN-LSR-Y showed the most tolerance to salinity stress, in terms of germination. Significant high enzymatic activities and lipid peroxidation were recorded in seeds primed with ascorbic acid and KNO3 show their importance in plant metabolic activities.
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    Proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid profiles of eight cultivars of groundnut grown in Nigeria
    (Legume Research, 2023) Olayinka, B. U.; Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani, Y.; Omorinoye O. A.; Olagunju G. R.; Sulyman, A.
    Background: Groundnut had been established to have great health benefits on account of its biochemical constituents. Methods: Eight cultivars of groundnut grown in Nigeria were analyzed using standard protocols for proximate compositions, amino acid and fatty acid profiles with the sole aim of selecting the most promising cultivars in terms of nutrient composition and oil stability. Result: The results indicated that crude protein was the highest in MK 373 and lesser in Samnut 22. Crude fat ranged from 44.68% in Samnut 21 to 49.98% in Samnut 23. The major amino acids were leucine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The cultivars Samnuts 21 and 22 showed higher essential amino acids (EAA), while higher non-essential amino acid (NEAA) was recorded in MK 373. The major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Among the cultivars, Samnut 11 was the only cultivar with better oil quality on account of higher oleic and linoleic O/L and total poly unsaturated fatty acid and total saturated fatty acid (TPUS/TS) ratios that compared well with Codex/WHO standards. The results, in general, have shown that Samnuts 11, 21, 22 and MK 373 are the potentials cultivars that could be selected for breeding programme to improve the quality of groundnut in Nigeria.
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    Rubisco and abiotic stresses in plants: Current assessment.
    (Turkish Journal of Botany, 2022) Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani, Y.; Olayinka, B. U.
    Abiotic stresses are serious environmental factors militating against the production of many crops around the world. The consequence of this, is the difficulty of meeting the demands of the increasing world population. Aside from other negative effects, reduction in photosynthesis is an important feature of abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses limit photosynthesis in a number of ways. The reduction in ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) content and activity is one of the paramount ways through which abiotic stresses affect photosynthesis. Rubisco is the CO2 fixing enzyme of photosynthesis and also catalyses the photo-respiratory carbon oxidation. The enzyme has low turnover and also copes with competitive inhibition by O2. Hence, manipulating the enzyme in order to boost photosynthesis has been the target of scientists, especially in stressed environments. Based on recent studies, the mechanism of the harmful effects of abiotic stresses on Rubisco is examined in this review. In addition, the prevalent ways through which Rubisco can be made to thrive well despite the various abiotic stresses are evaluated. This review paper also outlines practicable approaches to promote existing ways of enhancing Rubisco tolerance to abiotic stresses in order to produce more crops with higher stress resilience.
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    Seed priming of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) alleviates drought stress
    (Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2024) Abdulbaki, A. S.; Alsamadany, H.; Alzahrani, Y.; Hesham, F.; Alharby, H. F.; Olayinka, B. U.
    The problem of drought in many major crops such as Capsicum annuum are onerous and numerous but not insurmountable. β- aminobutyric acid (BABA) seed priming was used in the present study to investigate its effectiveness as a panacea in relieving drought stress in C. annuum. The drought regimes included the withdrawal of irrigation for 0, 3, 5 and 7 days. C. annuum seeds were primed with 1.0 mM BABA. These four drought conditions were paired in relation to the BABA primed and un-primed seeds to make 8 treatments and each treatments had 3 replicates. Measurements to assess manifestations of drought with or without BABA were taken morphologically, physiologically and biochemically. The outcome of the findings revealed that the progressive drought stress was telling adversely on the performance of the plant. BABA, in no small measure, was able to sustain the stable growth of the plant accordingly with the severity of drought. Highlights of its efficacies include improving the plant height, leaf area, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, scavenging ROS production through boosting of antioxidants, preventing lipid peroxidation, maintaining chlorophyll content and promoting proline accumulation. The use of BABA at such concentrations as 1.0 mM is thus prescribed in battling water deficit challenges in C. annuum.