Browsing by Author "Akpan, U.G."

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    PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY FUEL FROM WASTE VEGETABLE OIL USING HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST DERIVED FROM TERMITE CLAY
    (Nigerian society of chemical engineering (NSChE), 2019-11-12) Babatunde, E.O.; Olutoyem, M.A.; Akpan, U.G.; Auta, Manase
    This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of heterogeneous catalyst from mixture of cow-bone and termite clay for the transesterification of waste vegetable oil (WVO) using simple 2k factorial design method for the optimization of process parameters. Four factors Viz methanol to oil ratio, reaction temperature, catalyst loading and reaction time were investigated. It was found that the most significant factor on the biodiesel production was reaction time based on the factorial design method. The optimum FAME yield of 98.5% were achieved at methanol to oil ratio 6:1; catalyst loading of 2.0 wt%; reaction temperature of 65๔€”จ and reaction time of 1 h. The biodiesel produced with the optimized process parameters meets the global standard for biodiesel ASTM and thus could be considered as suitable substitute for conventional diesel in unmodified diesel engine application.
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    SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS FROM USED VEGETABLE OIL USING ACTIVATED ANTHILL AS CATALYST
    (Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2020-04-03) Babatunde, E.O.; Saka, H.B.; Olutoye, M.A.; Akpan, U.G.; Auta, M.
    In this present study transesterification of used vegetable oil (UVO) using synthesized activated anthill as catalyst was investigated. The catalyst was prepared via calcination process, characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. From the BET analysis; calcination temperature has a positive impact on the textural properties. The XRD shows that the catalyst is cryVstalline in nature. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was produced using thermally activated anthill as catalyst. The optimal FAME yield of 94.85 % was obtained at Methanol/Oil (M/O) 9:1, catalyst loading 1.5 wt%, reaction temperature of 65 แต’๐‘ช and reaction time of 2 h. The physico-chemical properties of UVO โ€“ FAME produced was found to be within the American Society for Testing and Methods (ASTM). Hence, the study reveals that used vegetable oil catalyzed by novel activated anthill could be an effective feedstock to produce sustainable energy.