Browsing by Author "Ajayi, D.A."
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Item Pregnant Women’s Knowledge and Awareness of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS and Voluntary Counselling and Confidential Testing (VCCT) Uptake in selected Health Centres in Zaria, Nigeria.(Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria, 2011-04) Anyebe, E.E.; Whiskey, H.O.; Ajayi, D.A.; Garba, S.N.; Ochigbo, C.E.; Lawal, H.The most common route of HIV transmission to children is the vertical transmission. However, many antenatal clinic clients are said to have inadequate knowledge of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and voluntary testing. The study was conducted in Sabon Gari, Zaria to determine the knowledge and awareness of pregnant women about the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV and voluntary counseling and confidential testing (VCCT). A convenience sample of 120 antenatal clients in three randomly selected health centres was used. Data were collected through a questionnaire. Findings showed a relatively lower level of knowledge (82.5%) of PMTCT of HIV /AIDS, a high awareness (93.5%) and uptake (58.3%) of VCCT among pregnant women. Those who did not do the test (41.7%) gave various reasons for their refusal, ranging from spouse disapproval to socio-cultural and psychological factors. Many of them however were aware of many advantages of VCCT and interventions for pregnant women who are found to be HIV positive. Antenatal talks and electronic mass media were their main sources of information. It is recommended that health programmes focus more on community clients and their spouses. Mass media workers should be appropriately equipped in the view of the roles they would have to play in health information dissemination.Item The Social and Clinical Correlates of Typhoid Fever Infection in Zaria, Northern Nigeria(University of South Africa: African Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 2008) Anyebe, E.E.; Obiako, O.R.; Opaluwa, S.A.; Ajayi, D.A.; Garba, S.N.; Alhassan, E.The study was carried out to assess the socio-demographic and clinical variables in typhoid infection in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Such parameters as age, sex, occupation and places of residence as well as the prescription pattern for typhoid treatment were evaluated. This retrospective, non experimental study involved the collection of case records (files) of patients admitted in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria for typhoid fever for a five-year period. Retrieval of the data was done manually. A total of 118 cases were analyzed, some of the records required for analysis were missing, and were excluded. Most of the typhoid infections studied (66.5%) occurred during the rainy season in Zaria (May – November) with 40.7% of cases at the beginning of the rainy season (May/June). More females (55.3%), of all age and occupational groups were affected with higher incidences in young adults and students. Most of the patients (66.5%) were urban dwellers and the incidence between patients using well water and tap water was similar. Ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics; chloramphenicol use is still relatively common despite the 12.4% mortality and 28% relapse rate recorded. The findings of this study highlight the public health and social services challenges of typhoid infection in the Zaria metropolis. Communities, health authorities and governments should therefore focus more attention on preventive measures in view of the high costs of these newer antibiotics which now form the core of treatment of typhoid fever. Most patients will find this treatment modality unaffordable, taking into cognizance the socio economic environment of Zaria.