Browsing by Author "Ajao, K. S"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • Item
    Assessment of physico-mechanical properties of clay deposits in Asa Local Government Area of Kwara State Nigeria for industrial applications
    (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2019-01-17) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajao, K. S; Elakhame, Z. U; Aremu, I. N; Odeniyi, M. O
    Adequate information about the properties of most available clay materials in Nigeria is necessary to enhance their industrial applications. Availability of this information will adversely reduce importation of refractory materials and its products into the country, since the mineral resources are abundantly available in the country. This study evaluated the chemical and physico-mechanical properties of some selected clay deposits across the three districts of Asa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State to ascertain their suitability for refractory and other industrial applications. The results revealed that the clay samples were mainly alumina-silica based with silica and alumina concentrations of 47.30 – 58.50% and 32.75 – 34.30% respectively. The physico-mechanical properties exhibited by the clay samples included: clay content (33.80-72.20%), linear shrinkage (6.10-9.80%), moisture content (21.00-33.00%), bulk density (1.99 - 2.87 g/cm3), apparent porosity (21.00-37.00%), permeability (73-94), compressive strength (213-840 N/mm2), thermal shock resistance (+29 cycles), specific gravity (2.18-2.52) and refractoriness (>1300oC). The properties were within the required standard values which make the clays suitable for insulating materials, refractories for low-medium thermal applications and manufacturing of ceramics. Though, Afon, Bakase and Ballah clay samples may require the addition of organic matter to enhance the clays’ suitability for applications that may require a higher value of porosity and permeability and low density. Effective utilization of Asa L.G.A. clays will help to domesticate the production of refractory products and enhance the establishment of Small and Medium Scale Foundry Enterprises in Nigeria in addressing the problem of unemployment
  • Item
    Characterization of Baruten Local Government Area of Kwara State (Nigeria) fireclays as suitable refractory materials
    (Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, 2018-04-10) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Yaru, S. S; Abdulkareem, S; Busari, Y. O; Ajao, K. S; Mohammed, G. A
    Studies have shown that adequate attention needs to be paid on processing of solid minerals that are potentially available in Nigeria to address its economic problem. Clays from five major towns in Baruten Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria were examined using ASTM guidelines to determine their suitability for refractory applications. The clay samples were classified as Alumino-Silicate refractories due to high values of Al2O3 and SiO2. The results showed apparent porosity (19.4-25.6%), bulk density (1.83-1.90 g/cm3), cold crushing strength (38.7-56.1 N/mm2), linear shrinkage (4.4 – 9.3%), clay contents (52.71-67.83%), moisture content (17.0-23.6%), permeability (68-82 cmsec-1), plasticity (16.7-30.4%), refractoriness (>1300oC) and Thermal Shock Resistance (23-25 cycles) for the clay samples, which were measurable with the established standards for fireclays, refractory clays/brick lining or alumina-silicates and kaolin. Hence, the natural clays could suitably replace imported clays in some refractory applications. Appropriate use of information from this study would improve Nigeria’s industrialization and economic diversification.
  • Item
    Characterization of Belle natural moulding sand for foundry applications
    (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2019-01-13) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Nafiu, M. B; Ajao, K. S; Elakhame, Z. U; Busari, Y. O; Hassan, H. K; Aremu, N. I
    There exists vast availability of natural sands which may be suitable for foundry applications in different locations Kwara State in particular and generally in Nigeria. The sands need to be identified and characterised for productive and profitable foundry practices. In this study, assessment of chemical and physico-mechanical properties of the natural moulding sand in Belle community of Kwara State, Nigeria was carried out to ascertain its suitability for foundry applications. The analysis of the sand samples’ Chemical compositions were done using an XRF Analyser, while American foundry-men Society, ASTM and British standards laboratory tests procedures were adopted appropriately to determine the sand’s physico-mechanical properties. The results of chemical composition analysis showed that SiO2 have dominance proportion in the sand sample with an average value of 92.90 %, followed by Al2O3 (5.13%). CaO, Fe2O3, MgO, K2O, Na2O, ZnO and MnO were present within acceptable limits as trace elements. The results showed average physico-mechanical properties of the natural moulding sand sample to include grain fineness number (126), bulk density (1765 Kg/m3), moisture contents (7.66%), specific gravity (2.64), permeability (0.1cm/s), green compressive strength (51KN/m2), dry compressive strength (209KN/m2), flowability (65.22%), clay content (10%) shatter index (76%) and refractoriness (>900oC), which were within the required standards for casting of non-ferrous metal. Thus, Belle sand was found suitable for casting of non-ferrous metals. Though, there may be a need for the use of additives like bentonite, to enhance the sand’s clay content in order to increase the sand potential for foundry applications.
  • Item
    Corrosion inhibition efficacy of hybrid organic extracts from prosopisafricana and citrulluslanatus on mild steel in acidic medium
    (Faculty of Engineering, “Dunarea De Jos” University of Galati Romania, 2023-03-15) SHUAIB-BABATA, Yusuf Lanre; Ayinde, I. V.; Busari, Y. O.; Ameen, M. O.; Yahya, R. A; Ambali, I. O.; Aremu, N. I.; Abdulraman, S. O; Ajao, K. S; Garuba, A. A.
    Each of Prosopis Africana pod extract (PAPE) and Citrulluslanatus (WMPE) performed quite well as green inhibitors in the electrochemical corrosion in acidic solution at ambient temperature in previous research. However, the hybridization of these compounds was varied with the concentration ratio in this study to optimize the efficiency of the green inhibitor in a hydrochloric acid medium using mild steel. The extraction process of the inhibitor samples was carried out with the Soxhlet apparatus using n-hexane as the solvent. Furthermore, the potential inhibition efficiency was monitored using various corrosion measurement techniques at room temperature. The inhibitive response of the extracts could be attributed to the adsorption of the extracts’ components on mild steel surface by physisorption mechanism according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The results revealed that inhibition efficiency (IE%) depends on the concentration of the extracts. The peak IE% values were obtained with a hybrid ratio of 3:1 (PAPE: WMPE) for gravimetric technique. The Tafel polarization and gasometrical measurement technique is 96.7%, 98.5% and 83.1% respectively at the concentration of 1.0 g/L, which are above the peak IE% for PAPE (93.7%, 80.96% and 77.8%) and WMPE (92.7%, 80.5% and 75.6%)
  • Item
    Evaluation of the foundry properties of Oyun river (Ilorin) moulding sand
    (Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Adeleke University, Ede, Nigeria., 2019-02-26) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajao, K. S; Bello, M. O
    Inadequate information on available natural moulding sands in Nigeria resulted to the use of the sand for casting without recourse to their suitability. This practice resulted to poor casting quality and underdevelopment of Nigerian foundry industry. In this study, the properties of Oyun natural moulding sand were evaluated to determine its suitability for sand casting. The chemical and physico -mechanical properties of the sand samples were examined using America Foundrymen’s Society (AFS) guidelines. The results of the chemical analysis showed that the sand contained SiO₂ and, Al₂O₃ from 84.49 to 84.58% and 7.17 to 7.22% respectively, with smaller proportions of other elements such as NaO₂ and K₂O, CaO, Fe₂O₃, MgO and TiO₂. The physico-mechanical properties of the sand were clay content (14.96 - 15.79 %), moisture content (8.15 – 8.48%), grain fineness number (83.40 – 89.24), green compressive strength (77.31 – 79.73 KN/m²), dry compressive strength (200.24 – 214.65 KN/m²) and refractoriness (above 1300°C). These results were within the AFS standard recommendation values for non-ferrous metal casting. Hence, Oyun moulding sand was found suitable as mould sand for various types of casting of metals like grey steel, aluminum, bronze, brass and light steels. Effective utilization of this sand for foundry applications will help to improve the economy of Nigeria and subsequently aid in reducing social problems as result of unemployment.
  • Item
    Inhibitive potential of prosopis africana on corrosion of low carbon steel in 1m hydrochloric acid medium
    (University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh, 2019-06-20) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Ibrahim, H. K; Ajao, K. S; Raheem, Y. A; Aremu, I. N; Pelumi, A. A
    Recently, there is quest for the use of inexpensive, non-toxic, non-biodegradable, readily available and environmentally acceptable corrosion inhibitor. Studies have shown that these properties could be achieved through the use of plants as inhibitor. Inhibiting effect of Prosopis Africana (Iron Tree) seed extracts were assessed on a sample of low carbon steel in 1M HCl with varying proportion of the seed extract using gravimetric, Tafel polarization and gasometrical measurement techniques. The results show that weight loss/corrosion rate decreases with increase in the extracts’ concentrations. Good inhibiting efficiency of Prosopis Africana extracts with optimum inhibiting efficiency of 97.7% at 1.0 g/l after 120 hours exposure in gravimetric measurement was attained. TAFEL polarization results revealed that the Prosopis Africana extract shows that the corrosion current density decreases with the increase in the concentration of the extract. The extract is found suitable as green inhibitor for corrosion of low carbon steel in the studied medium.
  • Item
    Quality evaluation of commercially available steels in some selected Nigerian markets
    (University Politehnica Timsoara, Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara,, 2019-05-02) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Adewuyi, R. A; Ajao, K. S; Aremu, I. N; Ibrahim, H. K; Abdul, A. J
  • Item
    Suitability of some selected Ado-Ekiti (Nigeria) natural moulding sands’ properties for sand casting
    (Faculty of Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, 2017-12-26) Ajao, K. S; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Yaru, S.S; Mohammed, G.A; Aremu, I. N; Abdulkareem, s; Ambali, I.O
    In achieving accelerated and sustaining economic growth and development in Nigeria, there is need for domestication of finished goods production through sustainable industrialization. Foundry technology is one of the vital bases for rapid industrial development of any nation. Samples of moulding sand at green state were collected from four different moulding sand deposits within Ado-Ekiti in Nigeria. The samples were prepared using ASTM and British standards, while the materials’ Physico-mechanical properties were evaluated using American Foundry Society (AFS) guidelines. The results obtained from the tests were compared with the AFS’s satisfactory mould sand properties for various types of metal castings
  • Item
    Suitability of some selected Ado-Ekiti (Nigeria) natural moulding sands’ properties for sand casting
    (Faculty of Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria, 2017-12-02) AMBALI, IBRAHIM OWOLABI; Shuaib-Babata, Y. L; Yaru, S. S; Abdulkareem, S; Ajayi, S; Busari, Y. O; Ajao, K. S; Ibrahim, H. K; Mohammed, G. A
    In achieving accelerated and sustaining economic growth and development in Nigeria, there is need for domestication of finished goods production through sustainable industrialization. Foundry technology is one of the vital bases for rapid industrial development of any nation. Samples of moulding sand at green state were collected from four different moulding sand deposits within Ado-Ekiti in Nigeria. The samples were prepared using ASTM and British standards, while the materials’ Physico-mechanical properties were evaluated using American Foundry Society (AFS) guidelines. The results obtained from the tests were compared with the AFS’s satisfactory mould sand properties for various types of metal castings. The sand samples were found to meet the requirements for casting various metals of different types like Aluminum, brass and bronze, light and malleable iron, light and medium grey iron, except heavy steel. The presence of red oxide in the sands and the specimens’ higher compressive strength values show that the natural sands will be suitable for casting of non- ferrous metal of low temperature. Effective application of the sample sands in casting will also enhance industrialization, job creation and the nation self-reliance through reduction in importation of foundry sand and foundry products into the