Browsing by Author "Aiyelero, M. O."

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    Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory and Antigylcation Effects of Compounds Isolated from Detarium microcarpum Stem Bark
    (Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2024) Salawu, M. K.; Abdulrasheed, A. A.; Aiyelero, M. O.; Ajaiyeoba, E. O.; Choudhary M. I.
    Diabetes is a leading cause of death and accounted for about 2 million deaths globally in 2019 alone. The disease is characterized by hyperglycaemia and protein glycation. This study was designed to examine the antidiabetic potential of Detarium microcarpum stem bark. The plant material was extracted into 70% methanol by cold maceration. The extract was concentrated in vacuo and partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate soluble fractions. The crude extract and fractions were subjected to alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assay. The active fractions were subjected to a combination of chromatographic techniques, and the isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic data. In vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibitory and anti-glycation activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. The crude extract, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous soluble fractions displayed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 8.93±2.03, 24.67±1.32, 12.89±2.41 and 7.69±1.09 μg/mL, respectively. The isolated compounds were identified as methyl gallate, quebrachitol, catechin, catechin gallate, and gallic acid. The compounds all displayed potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Methyl gallate and catechin displayed the highest activity with IC50 values of 83.43±2.68 and 106.27±2. 98 μM compared to acarbose (377.75±1.34 μM). Catechin and catechin gallate displayed antiglycation activity with IC50 values of 108±0.30 and 576.34±22.92 μM, respectively. However, a catechin that displayed the highest activity produced about 50% of the antiglycation activity of rutin (54.59±2.20 μM) used as standard. Detarium microcarpum stem bark displayed alpha-glucosidase inhibition and the compounds isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction showed protective effects against glucose-induced protein glycation. Keywords: Alpha-glucosidase, Diabetes, Antigylcation, Detarium microcarpum, Catechin gallate, Catechin
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    Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents and Anticonvulsant Activity of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Anthocleista Djalonensis (Loganiaceae) in Mice
    (African Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Development, 2023) Aiyelero, M. O.; Salahudeen, M. A.; Salawu, K. M.; Ojuade F. I.; Njinga, N. S.; Ayanniyi, R. O.
    Anthocleista djalonensis (Loganiaceae) is used traditionally for the treatment of convulsions, hypertension, stomach pains, hemorrhoids, syphilis, diabetes, and other conditions. The objective of this work was to access the phytochemicals (using standard methods) and anticonvulsant potential (using adult Swiss albino mice) of the ethanol leaf extract of A. djalonensis (EEAD). The acute toxicity profile of EEAD was investigated following standard guidelines established by the OECD 423. The study examined the anticonvulsant activity of EEAD at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg in pentylenetetrazole- and strychnine-induced seizure tests. The phytochemical analysis of the extract was carried out and revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, terpenoids and alkaloids. When given orally to mice, the extract's median lethal dose (LD50) was more than 2000 mg/kg. Despite the fact that there was no significant difference between the control and 200 mg/kg doses, the ethanol leaf extract of A. djalonensis showed a significant (P<0.05) dosedependent increase in the start of clonic and tonic seizures.. The 800 mg/kg dose of the extract produced an almost similar effect as standard drug (diazepam) in stopping the occurrence of clonic and tonic seizure. Also, the higher the dose of EEAD, the higher its protection of the mice against mortality in both strychnine and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure models as 800 mg/kg dose produced complete protection against mortality similar to diazepam. These findings suggest that EEAD possess anticonvulsant activity which justifies the traditional utility of the plant in the management of convulsion.