Browsing by Author "Aiyedun, Olawale Stephen"

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    Assessment of Medication Prescribing Indicators Using the World Health Organization Standard Indices in a Tertiary Hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences and Basic Clinical Sciences , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 2023) Agede, Olalekan A; Ogunmodede, James Ayodele; Ole, Joseph O; Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Oyedepo, Dapo S; Sanni, Nasiru; Aiyedun, Olawale Stephen
    Background: Drug use is the most common option in treating disease conditions in clinical practice. Irrational prescription and use of medicine have become a major problem in Africa. The patterns of medication prescription in this environment have been under-studied. Evaluating these patterns is essential to provide information that may guide actions towards improving the prescription standards and mitigate the problems associated with irrational prescription and use of medicine. The study aimed to assess medication prescribing patterns by all cadres of doctors in the General Outpatient Department of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) using the World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators. Methods: It was a six-month retrospective study of medication prescription by all cadres of the doctors attending to outpatients in the General Outpatient Department of UITH between 1st July, 2022 – 31st December, 2022. A validated data capture form was used for the study following the WHO prescribing indicator guidelines. The results were displayed using the arithmetic means, frequencies, and percentages. Results were interpreted by the recommended ideal values by the WHO. Results: 1,650 prescriptions were reviewed, 914 were included in the study. This study found that all the analyzed prescription indices fell short of the WHO recommended threshold. An average of 2.25 medications were prescribed per patient. The percentages of encounters with injections, antibiotics, and other medications by generic name were 87.2%, 66.9%, and 73.2%, respectively. 53.8% of the medications prescribed came from the essential medicine list. Conclusion: All medication prescribing indicators assessed were found to be below the ideal value recommended by WHO. Therefore, we advocated for the training of prescribers and the formulation of policies that will promote the prescription of medications in line with WHO guidelines.
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    INDICATIONS AND POSITIVITY RATES OF 14C-UBT FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI DETECTION
    (Kenya Medical Association, 2023) Bojuwoye, Matthew Olumuyiwa; Agede, Olalekan A; Ilesanmi, Omotoyosi Nike; Aiyedun, Olawale Stephen; Suleiman, S.T.; Aliyu, Aminu Mansa; Ojimi, O.O.
    Background: In order to diagnose H. pylori infection, the 14C-UBT (14 Carbon Urea Breath Test) has become a popular non-invasive diagnostic method. Understanding the 14C-UBT indications and the associated positivity rates can offer helpful insights on the frequency of H. pylori infection in various clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection as determined by the 14C-UBT and to analyze the causes of the patterns seen in various clinical presentations. Methods: From 2012 through 2019, pertinent data, including biodata, symptoms, and test results, were obtained from the authorized register. Statistical software for social sciences (SPSS) v22 was used to examine the data once they had been entered into a spreadsheet. Results: The findings revealed that the prevalence of H. pylori infection was highest in people between the ages of 41 and 50, with 45 of 167 patients testing positive. The most frequent reason for performing the 14C-UBT was dyspepsia, with a high positive rate of almost 63.29%. This result can be related to the recognized relationship between H. pylori and chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, both of which are known to produce dyspeptic symptoms. Conclusion: In addition to highlighting dyspepsia as the most frequent indication for the 14C-UBT, this study sheds light on the greater frequency of H. pylori infection in the 41–50-year age group. The diagnosis and treatment of illnesses linked to H. pylori can be aided by understanding these patterns and relationships, ultimately leading to better patient care.