Browsing by Author "Agunu, A"
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Item Anti-inflammatory and Diuretic Activities of Moringa oleiferaLam. (Moringaceae) and Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. (Acanthaceae) Co- administered in Rats(Pharmaceutical research, development and Practices, 2016) Lawal, BA; Salawu, KM; Agunu, A; Adedoyin, IR; Abdul-Ganiy, GOMoringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) and Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. (Acanthaceae) are commonly used medicine plants in several parts of Nigeria. The leaf extract of M. oleifera (MO) has been extensively studied and used traditionally for its anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities. Because of the wide medicinal benefits of these plants they are often used together in polyherbal formulation(s). This study was aimed at evaluating some biological activities of MO and A. paniculata (AP) administered singly and in combination. This aim was pursued using in vivo acute toxicity study, formalin induced rat paw edema and diuretic assay. The leaf extracts MO and AP were observed to be safe up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. The extract of MO and AP at 100 mg/kg body weight displayed 69.44 and 10.10 % inhibition of rat paw edema respectively, while the combination of extract elicited weaker inhibition (11.29 %) of paw volume. The extract of MO and AP when administered singly and in various combination at different doses elicited similar diuretic activity compared to the hydrochlorothiazide except at a combined dose of MO 50 mg/kg + AP 50 mg/kg, where the urine volume (1.27±0.60 mL) was lower compared to the negative control (1.62±0.52 mL). The extracts of MO and AP were observed to be relatively safe. The extract of MO had significant anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities compared to AP. However the combination of both plants extracts led to inhibition of the anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities of MO.Item Anti-Inflammatory and Diuretic Activities of the Methanol Leaf Extracts of Moringa Oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) and Andrographis Paniculata Burm. F. (Acanthaceae)(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2016) Lawal, B.A; Salawu, K.M; Agunu, A; Adedoyin, I.R; Abdul-Ganiy, G.O; Ayanniyi, R.OMoringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) and Andrographis paniculata Burm.f. (Acanthaceae) are commonly used medicine plants in several parts of Nigeria. The leaf extract of M. oleifera (MO) has been extensively studied and used traditionally for its anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities. Because of the wide medicinal benefits of these plants they are often used together in polyherbal formulation(s). This study was aimed at evaluating some biological activities of MO and A. paniculata (AP) administered singly and in combination. This aim was pursued using in vivo acute toxicity study, formalin induced rat paw edema and diuretic assay. The leaf extracts MO and AP were observed to be safe up to 5000 mg/kg body weight. The extract of MO and AP at 100 mg/kg body weight displayed 69.44 and 10.10 % inhibition of rat paw edema respectively, while the combination of extract elicited weaker inhibition (11.29 %) of paw volume. The extract of MO and AP when administered singly and in various combination at different doses elicited similar diuretic activity compared to the hydrochlorothiazide except at a combined dose of MO 50 mg/kg + AP 50 mg/kg, where the urine volume (1.27±0.60 mL) was lower compared to the negative control (1.62±0.52 mL). The extracts of MO and AP were observed to be relatively safe. The extract of MO had significant anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities compared to AP. However the combination of both plants extracts led to inhibition of the anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities of MO.Item Phytochemical and Anti-Inflammatory Studies of Ethanol Extract of Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) Stem Bark in Rats and Mice(Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2017) usman, S; Agunu, A; Atunwa, S; Sowemimo, A; Salawu, KBackground: Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) is a flowering plant used traditionally for the treatment of various disease conditions including hepatitis, dysentery, piles, edema, fever, gastritis, as aphrodisiac, applied to sprains and as a cleanser for washing sores. The aim of the work was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical properties and anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of T. macroptera stem bark. Material and Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screening and quantification was carried out on the extract using standard phytochemical methods. The ethanol stem bark extract was screened using the carrageenan induced rat paw edema model, and xylene induced edema model in mice at doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg doses orally. Lorke’s method was used to study the acute oral toxicity effect. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and alkaloids. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract were 164.8±10.37 (GAE/g of dried extract mg/g) and 193.6±6.37 (QE mg/g) respectively. The result showed that the extract produced a significant (p<0.05) dose independent inhibition with the maximum inhibition (89.93%) observed at 30 minutes at 50 mg/kg in the carrageenan induced edema and (49.5%) at 400 mg/kg in xylene induced models. No toxic effect was observed at 4.0g/kg of the extract in rats. Conclusion: The study showed that the ethanol stem bark extract is a good source of various phytochemicals that could be responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory activity of the plant.