Browsing by Author "Afolabi A.S"
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Item British Food (In) Security Policies in Colonial Nigeria and Popular Reactions in the South-western and South-eastern Provinces, 1939-1945(Indiana University Press, 2023) Afolabi A.SThe effects of the Second World War on food insecurity in Africa have gained scholarly attention over the past few years; however, there have been no comprehensive attempts to provide historical evidence and analyze the experience of food insecurity in the colonial territories that later trans- formed into Southern Nigeria. This article fills this gap in research and argues that the demands of the British colonial government for food supplies, along with other policies geared toward agricultural regulation such as the Pullen Scheme, led to such inflation of food prices in urban centers that rural pro- ducers could not meet the demand for foodstuffs. The result- ing food shortage triggered reactions from indigenous peoples, particularly market women in the southern and eastern prov- inces of colonial Nigeria. The article supports its arguments using a combination of sources from the Nigerian National Archives, newspaper reports, and peer-reviewed journalsItem Change and Resistance: A Reflection on the Aba Women Insurrection in Nigeria(the Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Culture, 2022) Afolabi A.SThis study revisits the resistance of women against the British colonial government’s introduction of its taxation system in eastern Nigeria and focuses on the problematized relationship between culture and history. Although historical studies have been carried out to explain why women resisted change and why men were largely absent from the struggle against in the colony of eastern Nigeria, new studies on the subject have provided vital information on how women responded to the colonial imposition of tax and how cultural dynamics spurred the women’s revolts. Data adopted for the study were taken from primary sources consisting of archival records, participant’ observers’ reports, as well as information on secondary sources such as journal articles and books, in order to explain the ethnography and culture of the Igbo society. This paper argues that women mainly resisted colonial tax imposition without strong involvement of the men, and expressed their anger against the Native Court and Warrant Chief systems, which were, exclusively, male dominated. It concludes that women were not passive victims of colonial intimidation and oppression, but were vanguards of resistance against a hostile and brutal colonial regime in Eastern Nigeria.Item Justice Olu Ayoola Commission and the Agbekoya Riots of 1968/69: An Assessment(Obafemi Awolowo Press, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 2012) Afolabi A.SItem Only the Powerless Pay Tax: A Historical Review of Tax Evasion and Avoidance in Southern Nigeria, 1900–2022(Brill, 2024) Afolabi A.STax evasion and avoidance have remained fundamental reasons for the gradual pace of development of Nigeria’s economy since the inception of colonial rule. This study examines the issues of tax evasion and avoidance in Nigeria, and the role of the gov ernment, the citizens and the enabling laws in the under-development of the Nigerian economy. To present credible evidence around the focus of the research, the study adopts historical research methods considering both secondary sources (textbooks, peer-reviewed journal articles and newspaper reports) and primary sources (archi val materials and oral interviews). The eventual findings of the paper indicate that some Nigerian groups frequently avoid paying their proportionate share of tax. The paper further finds that although tax reduction can help to reduce the incidence of tax evasion, resource-poor people frequently pay higher taxes than the wealthy, who commonly find ways to avoid paying their fair share of taxes; and also that tax officials manipulate tax rates in favour of rich clients. The study therefore concludes that tax evasion and avoidance will be mitigated if policymakers ensure that taxation is less arbitrary and burdensomeItem Political Economy of Yorubaland Prior to Colonialism(the Department of History and Diplomatic Studies, College of Humanities, Tai Solarin University of Education, TASUED Ijagun, Ogun State, 2014) Afolabi A.SOne of the negative effects of colonialism on African societies was the disruption, and eventual replacement of indigenous social and economic structures, sub-structures and superstructues with structures of global capitalism, for the purpose of easy appropriation of local resoruces for the benefit of the metropolis. The supplanting of centuries-old and tested structures of the Yoruba people of South-western Nigeria, not only weakned the fabrics that held the society together, but also rendered the people and their culture amenable and vulnerable to the exploitative tendencies of British clononial machineries. This paper explores the political economy of Yorubaland prior to colonialism. It demonstrates how pre-colonial society structures synergised to create orderliness. ensure prosperity and maintain inter-class harmony among the people, using taxation as its unit of analysis. The paper posits that the pre-colonial finansing system of the government which was modified to provide a fulcrum on which the colonial tax adminstration rested. In essence, the paper sheds light on the sources of revenue of the various government in pre-colonial Yorubaland, all of which the British encapsulated in taxation, rents and dues.Item Tax and Women: A Review of the 1929 Owerri Province Insurrection in Colonial Nigeria(Uchitel Publishing House, 2022) Afolabi A.SThe present study examined the causes, course and consequences of the Aba Women revolts in colonial Nigeria (West Africa). Using a combina tion of primary and secondary historical sources, the study found that a multiplicity of remote and immediate factors were responsible for the revolt. While taxation of men and rumored extension of same to women was the immediate cause of the revolts, the factors such as low price of palm produce/high cost of imported goods, discontent arising from persecution and corruption from native courts system, and change in the method of buying produce (from buying by measure to buying by weight) were also significant. The study revealed that the well organised women's revolts were targeted at the native courts, warrant chiefs and foreign business interests. The study also found that the seat of the revolts was not Aba, but Oloko, and women from many parts of the province participated. Lastly, the study established that the revolts changed the dynamics of colonial administration in Owerri Province as it led to changes in administrative modalities. The study concluded that women were not passive victims of colonial op pression but active collaborators in the resistance to oppressive and repressive colonial policies.