Browsing by Author "Adeoti, Omotayo Morenike"

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    Detection of Viruses Infecting Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in the Derived Savanna of Nigeria and Influence on Proximate Composition
    (Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2022) Aliyu, Taiye hussein; Arogundade, Olawale; Essien, Emmanuel; Balogun, Olusegun Samuel; Adeoti, Omotayo Morenike
    A survey was accomplished in the derived savanna of Oyo State, Nigeria during 2019/2020 cropping season to evaluate the incidence and severity of viruses infecting Lettuce. Laboratory experiments were performed serologically to identify the infecting viruses and to verify possible variations in the proximate composition. A total of 100 symptomatic and asymp-tomatic lettuce leaves were collected from different fields across the study area. Fifty of the leaves which were representative of the locations were then subjected to Antigen Coat Plate (ACP) and Double Antigen Sandwich Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS ELISA) using specific polyclonal antisera against Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), broad spectrum potyvirus, Lettuce mosaic virus (LMV) and Lettuce virus X (LeVX). The 50 other samples were subjected to proximate analysis. The incidence of virus infection varied across survey locations from 7.14% to 39.22% with a severity range from 10.33% to 41.32%. ELISA indicated single or multiple virus infection of CMV, LMV and/or Potyvirus while LeVX was not detected in the study. Proximate analysis indicated that the chlorophyll content of infected plants (0.6) was significantly lower than healthy plants (1.4). The total carbohydrate content was also significantly higher in healthy plants (13.8) compared to infected plants (7.7). This study is the first report confirming the infection of Cucumber mosaic virus, Lettuce mosaic virus and Potyvirus in lettuce in the selected agroecological zone. To enhance growth and quality of nutrients derived from lettuce, plant-virus management strategies should be adopted coupled with periodic virus surveys to detect newly emerging virus strains.
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    THE PATHOGENICITY OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS (CMV) AND PUTATIVE BITTERLEAF MOSAIC VIRUS (BLMV) ON Celosia argentea
    (Faculty of Agriculture, Taraba State University, Jalingo., 2014) Aliyu, Taiye Hussein; Balogun, Olusegun Samuel; Osumah, Rukayat; Adeoti, Omotayo Morenike
    A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the pathogenic effect of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Putative Bitterleaf mosaic virus (BLMV) on a local variety of Celosia argentea. The viral inoculi were extracted by homogenization from infected leaves of cowpea and bitterleaf that were obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan. Seeds of Celosia argentea were sown in plastic pots that were filled with sandy loam soil, previously steam sterilized at 1200C for 2hours. The plants were mechanical inoculated 3weeks after planting with either CMV, BLMV or Buffer (control). Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) manner. The results of the experiment revealed that the C. argentea was susceptible to infection with CMV and BLMV. Percentage severity of the viral infections were significantly different (p=0.05) compared with the control. The results indicated that CMV had the significantly highest effect on percentage disease severity (53.1%), followed by BLMV (16.5%)and control plants had no infection. Subsequent growth and yield attributes in the virus inoculated plants were also generally lower than those recorded for the control. The significantly lowest stem girths were recorded in plants inoculated with CMV (1.6cm), followed by BLMV (2.8cm), while the significantly highest stem girths were obtained in the control plants (4.2cm). The study found C. argentea to be susceptible to infection by CMV and BLMV and thus advocates the need for effective control measures for high productivity of the vegetable.