Browsing by Author "Adegbola, A. J."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Evaluation of heavy metal impurities in metformin tablet brands marketed in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, 2022-01) Bamidele, O. D.; Eniayewu, O. I.; Adegbola, A. J.; Salawu, K. M.; Njinga, N. S.; Abdullahi, S. T.
    The safety and quality of pharmaceutical products are important considerations for optimal therapeutic outcomes. Periodic assessment of heavy metals impurities in pharmaceutical products used for long- term treatment of chronic diseases is important to safeguard the health and well-being of patients. This study investigated the levels of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in brands of metformin tablets commonly prescribed in Ilorin, Nigeria, for the management of diabetes. Five brands of commonly prescribed metformin tablets were randomly purchased from pharmacies in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria. Metal concentrations in the acid digested samples were profiled using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Method validation results showed excellent linearity (r2=0.9921(Mn), 0.9995 (Cu), 0.9998 (Zn), 0.9996(Cd), 0.9913(Pb)), with limits of detection (0.001, 0.001, 0.002, 0.002 and 0.025 mg/L for Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb respectively) and limits of quantification (0.003, 0.003, 0.006, 0.006 and 0.076 mg/L for Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb respectively) in the concentration ranges of 2– 10, 0.2–1.6, 0.2–1.6, 1–4 and 1–4 mg/L for Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb respectively. Mn, Cu, and Zn were detectable in varying concentrations in all the five brands of metformin evaluated in this study while none of the brands contained Cd and Pb at detectable levels. The levels of Mn, Cu and Zn ranged between 0.031-0.062, 0.085-0.112 and 0.040-0.130 mg/mL respectively across the brands. The highest concentrations of Mn, Cu and Zn were 0.062(0.001), 0.112(0.001) and 0.130(0.001) mg/L respectively. Similarly, maximum daily ingestible amounts for Mn, Cu and Zn ranges between 0.84-1.75, 2.17-3.03 and 6.12-20.7 μg/day respectively, which were below permissible daily exposure (PDE). These results indicate that all the metformin brands evaluated could be safely administered orally to the patients without fear of any of the metal’s toxicity consequences.
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    Management of Industrial Crises in Nigeria: A Theoretical Approach
    (Department of Sociology, Osun State University, Osogbo, 2019) Akor, S. J.; Adegbola, A. J.
    This paper is titled management of industrial strike in Nigeria: A theoretical approach. The main aim of the paper is to discuss strike action in general and specifically to discuss how industrial strike is managed in Nigeria industrial organization. The paper heavily depends on theory of Alienation by Karl Marx (1818-1883) in his explanation of industrial strike in Nigeria. The paper pointed out that the major reason for strike action in Nigeria industrial organization boarders on disagreement between labour and management. The paper also posits that so long as the demand for labour continues to increase and the management inability to meet the demands make it difficult to end strike action in industrial organization in Nigeria. The paper maintained that continuous strike in industrial organization in Nigeria brings about slow economic growth in industrial organization and underdevelopment in Nigeria in general. The paper also pointed out that different interest groups are involved in the management of industrial conflict in Nigeria. That is, employers, union leaders, government and even the judiciary as an organs of the government. The paper also pointed out that collective bargaining, conciliation, reconciliation, mediation and threat are among the means used to manage industrial strike in Nigeria. The paper concludes that so long as the agreement reached between labour union and management are not implemented, there will be no end to industrial strike in Nigeria industrial organization. Based on the conclusion, the paper made some recommendations that can reduce industrial strike in Nigeria; that management, labour union, government should be ready and willing to implement all contractual agreement that boarders on conditions of service and safety of security of job among others.
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    Peer Pressure and Attitude to Premarital Sex among Youths: A study of Students in University of Ilorin, Ilorin
    (Department of Sociology and Anthropology Faculty of Social Sciences, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, 2021) Akor, S. J.; Adegbola, A. J.; Raji, A.
    Youths are an integral part of the society. Contributions being made towards development all over the world involve youths in one manner or another. However, the period of youthfulness is quite problematic. It is a time stage in which people are just discovering various elements of themselves. As such, the youths often fall prey to peer pressure. Peer pressure can be quite harmful to youths, eroding their sense of self-confidence and independence. As such, the study sought to determine the nature of the association between peer pressure and attitude towards premarital sex. The study made use of the Social Bond Theory in order to facilitate better understanding of peer pressure. The study adopted a qualitative design, using a quantitative method of data collection and analysis. Using a multistage sampling technique, 400 respondents were selected for the study. The obtained data were analyzed using spear man rank correlation. The analyzed data reveal a significant association between peer pressure and youths' attitude to premarital sex. Based on this, the study recommends that seminars be organized to enlighten youths on self-confidence