Browsing by Author "Adedoyin, OT"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Acute Kidney Injuries in Children with Severe Malaria: A comparative study of diagnostic criteria based on serum cystatin C and creatinine levels
    (College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, Oman, 2020) Afolayan, FM; Adedoyin, OT; Abdulkadir, Mohammed Baba; Ibrahim, O.R.; Biliaminu, S.A.; Mokuolu, O.A.; Ojuawo, A.
    Objectives: Serum creatinine levels are often used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), but may not necessarily accurately reflect changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to compare the prevalence of AKI in children with severe malaria using diagnostic criteria based on creatinine values in contrast to cystatin C. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 170 children aged 0.5–14 years old with severe malaria were included. Serum cystatin C levels were determined using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidmetric assay method, while creatinine levels were measured using the Jaffe reaction. Renal function assessed using cystatin C-derived estimated GFR (eGFR) was compared to that measured using three sets of criteria based on creatinine values including the Kidney Disease: Improved Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as well as an absolute creatinine cut-off value of >1.5 mg/dL. Results: Mean serum cystatin C and creatinine levels were 1.77 ± 1.37 mg/L and 1.23 ± 1.80 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria, the frequency of AKI was 32.4%, 7.6% and 16.5%, respectively. In contrast, the incidence of AKI based on cystatin C-derived eGFR was 51.8%. Overall, the rate of detection of AKI was significantly higher using cystatin C compared to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria (P = 0.003, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Diagnostic criteria for AKI based on creatinine values may not indicate the actual burden of disease in children with severe malaria.
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    Acute tubular injury from toxic nephropathy presenting as bilateral renal masses in a 16-month-old child in Nigeria
    (African Paediatric Nephrology Association, 2021) Abdulkadir, Mohammed Baba; Ezekiel, R; Adedoyin, OT
    A 16-month-old child was brought by the parents on account of bilateral flank swellings of three-week duration, associated with weight loss. Abdominal imaging studies revealed bilateral renomegaly with preserved renal architecture. Renal biopsy performed showed features of acute tubular necrosis with normal glomeruli. An assessment of bilateral renomegaly with preserved architecture, probably from toxic nephropathy was made. The child made remarkable improvement.
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    Effect of Management on the profile of serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine in children with Nephrotic Syndrome and Acute Glomerulonephritis in Ilorin
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, 2006) Adedoyin, OT; Anigilaje, EA; Ologe, MO; Adeniyi, A
    Primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) are known to cause varying degrees of renal insufficiency depending on the severity. Certain drugs and management strategies used in these two disorders also have profound effect on the serum electrolyte and urea profiles. This study determines the effect of management on the profile of serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine in children with NS and AGN. A retrospective analysis of the biochemical profiles of children admitted with a diagnosis of NS and AGN between 1996 and 2004 was carried out. A total of 21 and 16 children with AGN and NS respectively met the study criteria. There was no significant difference in the serum sodium, potassium and urea in both groups during the study except at the 4th week. The prevalence of hypokalemia in both groups of children was low. The serum sodium and potassium were significantly low compared to those with AGN in the 4th week, while the serum urea and creatinine was higher in NS patients in the same period. There was also generally a low prevalence of hypokalemia throughout the study period. While the study may have confirmed the occurrence of electrolyte imbalance following the use of diuretics, it has also shown that the prevalence of such electrolyte imbalance in the first 4 weeks of treatment is rather low and insignificant despite using significant dose of the drug.
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    Incidence and predictors of acute kidney injury in children with severe malaria
    (Indonesian Paediatric Society, Indonesia, 2022) Afolayan, FM; Adedoyin, OT; Abdulkadir, Mohammed Baba; Ibrahim, O.R.; Biliaminu, S.A.; Mokuolu, O.A.; Ojuawo, A
    Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an underrecognized complication of severe malaria and an independent risk factor for mortality among children. Objective To determine the incidence and factors predictive of AKI as defined by the pediatric risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage (pRIFLE) criteria in children with severe malaria and to assess in hospital mortality rates in malarial AKI (MAKI). Methods This was a prospective cohort study in 170 children aged 0.5 to 14 years with confirmed Plasmodium falciparum on peripheral blood smears and clinical and/or laboratory features of severe ma laria. Serum creatinine was determined using the Jaffe method and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated using the Schwartz equation. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI as defined by the pRIFLE criteria. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality comparison between AKI and non-AKI groups, as well as factors predictive of AKI. Results The incidence of MAKI was 61.2% and was comparable between males (66.7%) and females (70.6%). Mean eGFR was lower among children with AKI than those without [42.00 (SD 22) vs. 98.7 (SD 3.9) mL/min/1.73m2, respectively; P=0.005]. Children with MAKI were categorized as having risk (47/104; 45.2%), injury (33/104; 31.7%), or failure (24/104; 23.1%). Mortality rates in AKI and non-AKI subjects were comparable (4.8% vs. 4.6%; P=0.888). Predictors of MAKI were hemoglo binuria [adjusted OR (aOR) 3.948; 95%CI 1.138 to 8.030], deep acidotic breathing (aOR 2.991; 95%CI 3.549 to 66.898), and longer hospital stay (aOR 2.042; 95%CI 3.617 to 12.156). Children with MAKI were more likely to have a longer hospital stay by a mean of 2.5 days. Conclusion Acute kidney injury is a common complication in chil dren with severe malaria. Children with MAKI have a mortality rate comparable to those with severe malaria but without AKI. Hemoglobinuria, deep acidotic breathing, and longer hospital stay were predictive of MAKI
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    Pattern of Antimalarial Prescriptions for children and pregnant mothers by Private Medical Practitioners in Ilorin, Nigeria
    (Sage Publishers for Royal Society of Medicine, 2007) Ologe, MO; Mokuolu, OA; Adedoyin, OT
    A survey of the prescription practices of private medical practitioners (PMPs) in four local government areas in Kwara State, Nigeria, was carried out using a selfadministered pre-tested questionnaire. A total of 49 respondents from 40 private health facilities participated in the survey.The prescription practice of a significant number of PMPs was not in conformity with the National MalarialTreatment policy.There was inadequate knowledge of the classification of malaria; hence, many of the respondents could not recognize severe malaria. Regular continuing medical education and distribution of information, education and communication materials on malaria to private health facilities are strongly recommended