Browsing by Author "Adeboye, M. A. N."
Now showing 1 - 20 of 26
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item 5 year old girl with malignant lymphoblastic lymphoma: Challenges of managing haematological malignancies in a developing country(African Health Sciences, 2011) Amiwero, C; Okuku, G.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Aina, O.Background: Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a neoplasm of lymphoblasts. The condition is predominantly lymph node–based disease arising from immature T cells in 85-90% of cases and immature B cells in the remainder. The lymphoma is aggressive, progresses rapidly, and often presenting as stage IV disease in more than 70% of patients. This disease makes up approximately 20% of childhood NHL Objective: To show case the management of childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma and the handicap faced by the oncologists and pathologists. Methods: A review of the index case was carried out at the paediatric department of Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria. This review took into cognisance patient’s demographic bio data, case history, general and physical examination, various investigations, methods of diagnosis and the type treatment. A comprehensive analysis and account of events before and after the commencement of chemotherapy were also reviewed. Results: This case identifies a 5 year old girl with aggressive malignant lymphoma; lymphoblastic type and the myriad of limitations faced by oncologists and pathologists in the management of haematological malignancies. Socio-cultural, financial (cost implications for the patient for both investigative and therapeutic interventions), inadequate resources and facilities were identified as some of the constraints leading to inadequate management and poor outcome in patients with this condition. Conclusion: Given the limitations associated with the management of cancers in this part of the world, efforts on the part of government and non-governmental agencies are necessary to strengthen and upgrade the existing facilities in various hospitals. The social welfare departments of tertiary hospitals should be adequately funded to meet the demand of this group of patients.Item Amulets, Bands and Other Traditional Applications seen among Emergency and Neonatal Paediatric Admissions in a Tertiary Centre, Nigeria.(Oman Medical Specialty board, Oman, 2011) Adeboye, M. A. N.; Adeboye, A. O.; Abdulkarim, Aishatu A.; Eze, Edith C.; Saka, Mohammed J.; Usman, Abdullahi; Solomon, Amos; Rotimi, Bosede F.Objectives: This study aims to investigate the types and indications of amulets, bands and traditional applications among pediatric emergencies and neonatal admissions into the Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January and July, 2008. Children admitted into the emergency and neonatal units of the institution with traditional applications were recruited. Information on demography, time the application was introduced, the reason, cost implication and belief about the efficacy were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Socio-Economic Class was defined using the Oyedeji Classification. Results: The study was based at Federal Medical Centre, Bida and consisted of 666 children admitted into the hospital via the Emergency pediatric and the Neonatal Unit, with a seven-month period prevalence of 11.4% (76 patients). Of the 76 cases screened for the use traditional applications, only 64 (84.2%) were recruited, the remaining did not agree to participate in the study. The mean age was 493.1±528.5 days. The study group included 37 males and 27 females (sex ratio 1.4:1) aged 11 days to 2920 days. The applications used included neck band (54.7%), ankle band (15.6%) and head paste (15.6%). Reasons for the applications included prevention of childhood illnesses (17.2%), sutures closure (15.6%), as well as warding off evil spirits and convulsions (12.5%). The socio-economic classification was I (1.6%), II (7.8%), III (15.6%), IV (45.3%), and V (29.7%). Sixty (93.0%) parents believed the applications cannot be used with conventional medicine, while 53.1% of the participants, obtained them free of charge. Conclusion: The use of traditional applications, often for preventive purposes, is common among pediatric patients, especially of low socio-economic classifications. The majority of users considered them incompatible with simultaneous conventional medical care. This has adverse implications for time to presentation for conventional care and treatment outcomes. Promotive and preventive healthcare interventions are needed to reverse this trend. Future broad-based research is warranted.Item Analgesia for procedural pain: Current practice among Nigerian paediatricians(College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria., 2019-04) Suleiman, Z. A.; Kolawole, I. K.; Adeboye, K. A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Onuchukwu, C. E.; Bello, S.; Abdulrahman, A.Background: Minor procedures such as venepuncture and lumbar puncture among others are routinely performed in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and paediatric wards. These procedures are accompanied by varying degrees of pain which, if not addressed, can lead to undesirable physiological, cardiovascular, respiratory, hormonal, metabolic and behavioural responses. This study evaluated the current strategies for reducing procedural pain in children in Nigeria. Methods: This was a questionnaire‐based, cross‐sectional random survey of the current practice of analgesic techniques for procedural pain among 240 respondents out of 700 consultant paediatricians and residents who attended the annual Paediatric Association of Nigeria Conference in 2018. Results: The male‐to‐female ratio was 1:1.3, the mean age of the respondents was 38.28 ± 7.36 years and the median year of practice was 10 years. Of the surveyed respondents, consultants and trainees constituted 40.8% and 59.2%, respectively, whereas 46.2% and 51.3% of them assessed pain and routinely administered analgesia to treat procedural pain, respectively. Breastfeeding and topical analgesic agent were prescribed by 18.3% and 12.9% of the respondents, respectively. Pain of venous access and lumbar puncture were treated by 38.8% and 19.6% of the respondents, respectively. Only 13.3% of the respondents have institutional guidelines for pain assessment and treatment in their practice locations. Conclusion: The survey showed that, even though a sizeable proportion of paediatricians do assess pain and provide some form of analgesia for procedural pain, there is a lack of institutional pain treatment guidelines in most hospitals attending to the medical needs of children in Nigeria.Item Aspergillus Meningitis in a Seven-year -old Girl with AIDS: A Case Study(Department of Paediatrics, University of Ilorin, 2009) Abdulkarim, A. A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Ojuawo, A.Item Awareness and knowledge of sustainable development goals among health workers in Bida, north-central Nigeria(Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, 2019-06) Bello, A. O.; Omachi, Paul Adah; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Adegboye, Abdulrasheed OlasunkanmiBackground: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) are the latest intervention focused on ensuring global development. The failures of the millennium development goal, which was the previous global strategy, have been hinged on poor awareness and knowledge of critical stakeholders among other reasons for poor performance in most developing countries. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study among a group of critical stakeholders (health workers) to assess their awareness and knowledge of the SDGs since its inception in 2015. We used a scoring system for some key components of the SDGs and analyzed the obtained data. Results: Of the 103 health workers that partook, 63.1% were males and 36.9% were females. Forty-eight percent of the respondents had good knowledge of the SDGs. Male gender among the participants was predictive of good knowledge whereas the professional affiliation of the participants did not significantly predict good knowledge of the SDGs. Conclusionand Recommendation: Awareness and knowledge of SDGs among participants was good. We recommend the introduction of SDGs in the curriculum of health workers with special focus for female professionals to enhance attainment of the goals.Item Childhood pneumonia at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin Nigeria(Department of Paediatrics, University of Ilorin, 2013-01) Abdulkarim, A. A.; Ibraheem, R. M.; Adegboye, A. O.; Johnson, W.B.R.; Adeboye, M. A. N.Background/Objectives: Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and thus this study was designed to document the sociodemographic, clinical features as well as the bacterial agents responsible for pneumonia in children seen at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study of children aged one month to 14 years with features of pneumonia admitted between July 1 st 2010 and June 31 st , 2011 was carried out. Socio-demograpic data, clinical features, complications and outcome were obtained. Chest radiographs and blood samples for culture of bac- terial organism and full blood counts were obtained in all children. Results: Pneumonia accounted for 13.3% (167 out of 1254) of the all admissions during this period. The male: female ratio was 1.5:1, and 101(60.5%) of the children were infants. Bronchopneumonia was identified in 147(88%) children, lobar pneumonia in 15 (9%) while 5(3%) had a combination of both. Cough, fever, difficulty in breathing, tachypnoea and chest wall recessions were recognised as clinical features in the study population. Bacteraemia was present in 46(27%)children and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism cultured from the blood of children with pneumonia present in 11 (23.9%) out of the 46 (100.0%) isolates. Heart failure was associated complication present in 52 of the 60 children with one or more complications accounting for over 30% ofall patients. Eleven out of the 15 children with lobar pneumonia had pneumonia-related complications which was significantly higher compared to 46 of 157 children with bronchopneumonia, p=0.003. The case fatality was 6.6%. Eight (72.7%) of the children that died were infants while the remaining three (27.3%) were aged between 12 and 60 months. The mean duration of hospitalization among those who survived of 6.5 ±5.0 days was significantly lower than the corresponding value of 10.2 ±12.3 days in those that died, p= 0.042. Conclusion: Pneumonia-related mortality and morbidity is high in under-five children, with the infant age group most affected. Broncho- pneumonia is the most prevalent ALRI diagnosis but lobar pneumonia is associated with a higher mortality.Item Cognitive Function of Primary School Children in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.(Nigerian Society of Neurological Sciences., 2017-10) Bello, S. O.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Saka, A. O.; Ojuawo, A.Background: Cognition is a measure of a child’s intelligence and reflects the child’s performance relative to that of children of the same age. The development of intelligence is critical especially in the first 1000 days of life. Cognitive capacity can be determined by the evaluation of intelligence quotient (IQ), using sets of standardized and validated tools such as the Draw-A-Person Test (DAPT). The cognitive performance of children has not been well studied in Nigeria. Objective: To determine and compare the intelligence quotient (IQ) of public and private primary school children in Ilorin. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive studies of school children aged 6- 12 years in three Local Government Areas (LGA) of Ilorin Kwara State, using multi–staged sampling techniques. A total of 16 primary schools, 8 public and 8private school pupils were recruited for the study. The Draw-A-Person Test was used to determine IQ. Results: There were 221 (46.0%) males and 259 (54.0%) females. The mean age was 9.2 ±1.8 years, and mean IQ was 98.0 ±14.1. The mean IQ of the private school children (99.6 ± 15.2) was significantly higher than that for the public school children (96.5 ± 12.9) p<0.0170. The prevalences of intellectual deficit, low IQ and superior IQ in the study population were 2.5%, 9.6% and 8.8%, respectively. Conclusions: The mean IQ of school pupils was significantly higher in private than the public schools. Superior IQ was higher among private than the public school pupils, while low IQ and intellectual deficit were higher in public school pupils.Item Dichlorvos Induced AChE Inhibition in Discrete Brain Regions and the Neuro-Cognitive Implications: Ameliorative Effect of Nigella Sativa.(Arak University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the Iranian Society of Toxicology., 2017) Imam, A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Abdulmajeed, W. I.; Alli-Oluwafuyi, A.; Amin, A.; Ibrahim, A.; Gwadabe, S.; Poopola, N. A.Background: There has been a rise in accidental poisoning cases resulting from the indiscriminate use and exposure to Dichlorvos (DDVP), especially in developing countries, and no antidote with satisfactory efficacy is currently available. Thus, we investigated the AChE reactivation potential of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) following DDVP induced AChE inhibition patterns in the brain and the associated cognitive implications. Methods: Fourty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each.; The controls were administered PBS (1 ml/kg); DDVP (8.8 mg/kg) was given to the experimental group I; while DDVP+NSO (8.8 mg/kg + 1 ml/kg) and NSO (1 ml/kg) was administered orally to the experimental groups II and III respectively. All treatments lasted for 14 consecutive days. Morris Water Maze (MWM) paradigm was used to assess the working memory, then rats were euthanized, the brain excised, three brains were fixed for histological examination (Nissl staining), and the other seven brains were homogenized for AChE activity and Ca2+ concentrations. Data were analyzed statistically, using ANOVA method and P values of ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: In this study, DDVP differentially inhibited AChE activities in various brain regions: cerebellum (86.1%), hippocampus (40.6%), frontal cortex (33.2%), medulla (21.5%), spinal cord (14.8%), and occipital cortex (8.9%). It reduced Ca2+ concentration, but had no effect on the delayed escape latency in the MWM, nor impaired the neuroarchitectures. NSO caused increased AChE activities, Ca2+ concentration and reduced escape latency, and improved histologic architectures. Conclusion: We concluded that NSO reactivated DDVP-induced AChE inhibition and improved memory indices, thus, it may serve as a potential treatment in the management of DDVP poisoning cases.Item Familial Ectrodactyly Syndrome in a Nigerian Child: A Case Report.(Oman Medical Specialty board, Oman, 2011-03) Durowaye, Mathew; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Yahaya-Kongoila, Sefiyah; Adaje, Adeline; Adesiyun, Omotayo; Ernest, Samuel Kolade; Mokuolu, Ayodeji Olugbenga; Adeboye, AbdulrasheedEctrodactyly, also known as Split-Hand/Split-Foot Malformation (SHFM) is a rare genetic condition characterized by defects of the central elements of the autopod. It has a prevalence of 1:10,000- 1:90,000 worldwide. The X-linked and autosomal dominant types have been described. It can occur as an isolated malformation or in combination with other anomalies, such as tibial aplasia, craniofacial defects, and genitourinary abnormalities. Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome (EEC) is an example of ectrodactyly syndrome accompanied by multiple organ defects. Ectrodactyly has been reported in Africa, especially in several families in remote areas of central Africa but there has not been any published work on ectrodactyly in Nigeria. A baby was born in Ilorin, North Central Zone of Nigeria, with an uneventful prenatal and delivery history but was noticed to have malformation of the two hands and the two lower limbs at birth which are replica of the father’s malformation. We present this case to highlight familial ectrodactyly in Nigeria and prepare us to improve upon simple prenatal diagnosis and management of the challenges associated with patients with congenital malformation in Nigeria and other developing countries.Item Febrile Convulsion among Hospitalized Children Aged Six Months to Five Years and Its Association With Haemoglobin Electrophoretic Pattern(College of Public Health and Medical Sciences of Jimma University, 2015) Adeboye, M. A. N.; Ojuawo, A; Adeniyi, A.; Ibraheem, R. M.; Amiwero, C.BACKGROUND: Febrile convulsion and sickle cell disease are common in tropical countries and both are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, Nigeria has the highest prevalence of sickle cell disease. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on the haemoglobin electrophoresis in patients with febrile convulsions. METHODS: This was a hospital based, descriptive, cross-sectional study of the relationship between haemoglobin genotype and febrile convulsion at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over a period of 12 months. A self-designed pretested questionnaire was administered on the subjects, and necessary examinations and investigations were conducted. RESULTS: Of a total of 1675 children admitted into the emergency paediatric unit during the study period, children aged 6 months–5 years that presented with febrile convulsions were 167(10%) . Of this, 1,212 were aged 6 months-5 years. Thus, the age specific, hospital-based prevalence was 13.8%. The M:F was 1.1:1. Their Haemoglobin genotype distribution was AA 131(78.4%), AS 23(13.8%), AC 6(3.6%), SS 6(3.6%), and 1(0.6%) SC. The mean age of the sickle cell disease patients was higher at 46.0±13.5 months compared to 29.2±15.4 months in the non-sickle cell disease patients (p=0.005). The mean packed cell volume in subjects with sickle cell anaemia was 8.8±1.5%; the only case of haemoglobin SC had packed cell volume of 20%, while the non-sickle cell disease patients had a normal PCV. Malaria was present in 80.4% of them. CONCLUSION: Febrile convulsion remains a common cause of hospitalisation. It is uncommon in haemoglobin SS where severe anaemia is always an accompanying derangement. The packed cell volume is nearly normal in children with normal haemoglobin genotype.Item Intelligence Quotient of Neurologically Impaired Children Attending Neurology Clinic in a Nigerian Tertiary Institution.(College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, 2018-01) Adeboye, M. A. N.; Katibi, O. S.; Adegboye, O. A.; Ojuawo, A.; Afolabi, J. K.; Buhari, O. I. N.; Adegunloye, O. A.; Bello, S. O.; Omefa, P. N.; Abdulazeez, T. A.Background: The need to identify the intellectual capability of Neurologically impaired children dictates their educability which can be estimated through their intelligence quotient (IQ). Draw-a-man test for IQ estimation is available, easy and has been validated in Nigeria. Method: Through a prospective, cross-sectional study that lasted 12 months (January-December, 2011), children aged 4 years and above attending neurology clinic were recruited once they have no severe motor or sensory limitations affecting their upper limbs, and can obey instruction to draw a person. Anthropometry was carried out on them and they were comfortably seated to draw a person. The parents or care givers were instructed not to make any suggestion or hint to them and no time limit was given. Their drawings were assessed using the 52 parameters of Ziler and interpreted accordingly. Ethical procedures were adhered to. Analysis was done using SPSS version 16 and an interactive calculation tool for chi-square tests of goodness of fit and independence. Results: Seventy-five (45 male, 30 female) children met the inclusion criteria. Their clinical conditions were Epilepsy 48 (64%), Cerebral Palsy 6 (8%), ADHD 5 (6.7%), Down Syndrome 4 (5.3%), Speech/Hearing impairment 3 (4.0%), Hypothyroidism 2 (2.7%) and 7 (9.3%) others. Their ages ranged from 4 years to 16 years (mean±SD = 9.7± 3.8 years). Their IQ distribution were Normal 4 (5.3%), Borderline 12 (16.0%), Mild Mental Retardation 16 (21.3%), Moderate Mental Retardation 19 (25.3%), Severe and Profound Mental Retardation 24 (32.0%) with no significant difference in relation to their birth order. Conclusions: Ninety-six percent of the study population had IQ below normal. Epilepsy was the commonest condition seen in the Paediatric Neurology clinic and all categories of IQ are seen among children with epilepsy.Item Knowledge, Awareness and Prevalence of Viral hepatitis Among Health Care workers (HCWs) of the Federal Medical Centre Bida, Nigeria(Department of Heamatology and Blood Transfusion, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Nigeria, 2017-06) Awimero, C. E.; Nelson, E. A.; Yusuf, M.; Olaosebikan, O. F.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Adamu, U. G.; Oladele, C.; Busuyi, J. S.; Erinle, S. A.; Babalola, A.Background: The health care workers (HCWs) hitherto are considered to be one of the vulnerable groups when compared to the general population due to the nature of their day-to-day workplace activities. However, in spite of the high seroprevalence level nationally, the level of awareness and knowledge about viral hepatitis amongst the general populace including the public health workers is non –uniform. Aims and Objective: To determine the knowledge, awareness and prevalence of viral hepatitis as well as to raise awareness among HCWs. Study design: cross sectional survey. Setting: Federal Medical Centre, Bida Niger State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to Two Hundred and forty eight HCWs of the Federal Medical Centre, Bida. Blood samples were collected from individual participants and screened for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg), Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus and Antibody to Hepatitis B core antigen using rapid ELIZA technique. Statistics: Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software to obtain descriptive statistics for all participants with respect to demographic distribution, prevalence rate for HBV and HCV. Chi-square test was used to obtain relations between various categorical data. The statistical significance of the data was based on a p-value of ≤ 0.05 at the Yates’ continuity correction line. Results: Of the two hundred and forty eight participants, 41.1% were males and 58.9% were females, M: F 1:1.4. The mean age was 33.7 (SD 6.9) years (range 20 - 54yrs). Occupational distribution was based on four main categories of health care workers; Doctors, Nurses, Allied health workers (AHWs) and Admin Staffs with frequency of 23(9.3%), 52(21.0%), 100(40.3%) and 73(29.4%) respectively. With regards to the educational level of the participants, 20(8.1%) were in the category of lower level education, 58 (23.4%) had middle level of education and 170(68.5%) were highly educated. The overall seroprevalence of hepatitis among the health care workers (HCWs) were as follows: HBsAg (11.3%), HCV (2.4%) and HBcore antibody (46.0%). Overall Awareness of the various types of hepatitis was 70.6% with a marked trend over educational levels. Conclusion: This study provided prevalence data, relevant information on the magnitude of disease burden and the significance of education on awareness of hepatitis B and C in this settings. There is paucity of awareness and knowledge among certain category of HCWs. Therefore concern Authorities should provide more HBV / HCV interventional information impact measures to raise awareness and knowledge among this group. Policies and guidelines of critical preventive protocol to ensure safety in a workplace environment including pre and post-exposure vaccination intervention for HBV to the staff should be in place.Item Measles in a Tertiary Institution in Bida, Niger state, Nigeria- Prevalence, Immunization Status and Mortality Pattern.(Oman Medical Specialty Board, Oman, 2011) Adeboye, M. A. N.; Adesiyun, O. O.; Adegboye, O. A.; Eze, E. C.; Abubakar, U.; Ahmed, G.; Abdullahi, U.; Solomon, A.; Rotimi, B. F.Objectives: Measles is a highly infectious immunizable disease with potential for eradication but is still responsible for high mortality among children, particularly in developing nations like Nigeria. This study aims to determine the hospital based prevalence of measles, describe the vaccination status of children managed for measles at the Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger state and to identify the parental disposition to measles vaccination. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out over a period of 18 months beginning from July 2007. All children with a diagnosis of measles made clinically and reinforced with serological test in the WHO Measles, Rubella and Yellow Fever laboratory in Maitama District Hospital, Abuja were recruited. Informed consent was obtained from the parents/care givers. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain information and data analysis was by SPSS version 15. Results: One hundred and nine children were managed for measles, constituting 8% of total admission over the study period. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Of the 109 children with measles, 90 (82%) did not receive measles vaccination. Eighty-eight (80%) of the parents or guardian felt vaccination was bad for various reasons. Of the 23 (21.1%) children whose parents or guardians were positively disposed to vaccination, one death was recorded while the remaining seven deaths were recorded among children whose parents were negatively disposed to vaccination. All the deaths were in the non-vaccinated group below 2 years of age. Conclusion: Measles is still a major health burden in our community. The majority of affected children were not vaccinated due to negative parental disposition. Continuous health education is required for change the disposition of the parents/guardian and improve vaccination coverage to minimize measles associated morbidity and mortality.Item Methicillin Resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Awareness, Knowledge and Disposition to Screening Among Healthcare Workers in Critical Care Units of A Nigerian Hospital.(West African Medical College of Physician, 2011) Fadeyi, A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Fowotade, A.; Nwabuisi, C.; Bolaji, B. O.; Oyedepo, O. O.; Adesiyun O. O.; Olanrewaju, T. O.; Aderibigbe, A.; Salami, A. K.; Desalu, O. O.; Akanbi II, A. A.; Raheem, R. A.; Olalere, A.BACKGROUND: Awareness level about methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is high in the western world but the status in developing countries is not well defined. OBJECTIVE: To assess MRSA awareness level, knowledge and disposition to screening among critical healthcare givers (HCGs) in Nigeria. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of HCGs in critical care units of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria on MRSA and their willingness to submit to screening. RESULTS: Only 103 (52.0%) of the 198 participants were aware of MRSA but all were favourably disposed to screening for the organism. Awareness was through hospital rounds 65(63.1%) and journals/ textbooks 35(34.0%), and Many, 120 (60.6%) considered MRSA as a threat in the hospital, while only 27 (13.6%) thought otherwise and 51(25.8%) were indifferent. Most HCGs, 124 (87.9%) reported that there were no MRSA control measures in their respective duty post. The age, cadre of work, and number of years in the hospital’s critical care units correlated positively with awareness level. CONCLUSION: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus awareness level among the HCGs in our hospital is just a little above 50.0% with substantial proportion of them not realizing the medical implication of the organism. However, majority are well disposed to MRSA screening. Inadequate publicity is a major contributor to poor knowledge and awareness. There is need for educational intervention and sensitization programs on MRSA and other infection control techniques for HCGs in developing nations especially Nigeria.Item Missed Vaccination opportunities at a secondary health facility in Ilorin, Nigeria.(Association of Public Health Physicians of Nigeria, 2016) Ibraheem, R. M.; Bello, A. O.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Adeyeba, D. T.; Mohammed, M. J.Background: Immunization remains a key strategy in the control of childhood diseases, with a child expected to have five visits according to the current National Programme on Immunization. The study aimed to identify missed vaccination visits and the associated factors in children presenting at the general out-patient clinic of a secondary health facility in Ilorin, Nigeria. Method: Through a descriptive cross-sectional study, the vaccination data of all children seen at the out-patient clinic were critically reviewed over a period of one month. Socio-demographic and immunization details were obtained and reasons for missed vaccination documented. Those that had missed vaccination were commenced on the needed vaccine(s) after counselling of their parent(s), and adequate follow-up was instituted. Results: Eighty-two (5.1%) children out of 1603 seen had missed at least one vaccine visit. The mean (SD) age of the children was 20.1(14.9) months. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1. Thirty-nine (47.2%) children had missed one visit while 43(52.7%) had missed two or more visits; 16(19.5%) had missed all five visits. Major reasons for missed visits were ill child(26.8%), ignorance about routine vaccine but received vaccine during the National Immunization Days(NID) (19.5%), mother travelled (14.6%), forgot(9.8%), and reaction to previous vaccine(6.1%). Conclusion: The missed opportunity for immunization is high therefore health care providers should enquire about the vaccination status of children at all contact. There is a need to increase awareness on illnesses that are not contra-indications to vaccination, and routine vaccine status should be checked during NID.Item Mortality pattern within the first twenty four hours of emergency Paediatric admission in resource poor nation health facility.(West African Medical College of Physician., 2010) Adeboye, M. A. N.; Ojuawo, A.; Ernest, S. K.; Fadeyi, A.; Salisu, O. T.BACKGROUND: Mortality among emergency paediatric admissions within the first 24 hours is high in resource- poor nations. Measures to reduce the childhood mortality rate can only be effectively planned and implemented when the causes and magnitude of this problem are well defined. OBJECTIVE: To determine the mortality pattern among emergency paediatric admissions within the first 24 hours in a health facility in Nigeria. METHODS: The clinical state and progress of post-neonatal patients who presented alive and were admitted into the emergency paediatric room of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria were monitored over a period of six months. The monitoring included records of diagnosis and outcome of management. RESULTS: A total of 606 children were admitted during the period of study out of which 51(8.4%) died. Twenty-nine (57%) of the deaths occurred within the first 24 hours of admission comprising 15 (51.7%) males and 14 (48.3%) females giving M:F ratio of about of 1:1. Majority of the deaths were among patients who reported late to the hospital. Loss of consciousness was a strong risk factor for mortality within 24 hours of admission. The highest mortality within the first 24 hours of admission was recorded among patients with malaria (89.0%) followed by protein energy malnutrition. CONCLUSION: Majority of deaths among emergency paediatric admission occur within the first 24 hours of admission and are associated with clinical conditions such as malaria and protein-energy malnutrition for which sustained intervention strategies must be developed.Item Normal CD4+ Cell Count Range Amongst Healthy Nigerian Population In Ilorin,(International Association of Providers of AIDS Care., 2014) Afolabi, J. K.; Fadeyi, A; Desalu, O. O.; Durotoye, I. A.; Fawibe, A. E.; Adeboye, M. A. N.; Olawumi, H. O.; Babatunde, A. S.; Ernest, S. K.; Aderibigbe, S. A.; Saadu, R.; Salami, A. K.; Aboyeji, A. P.Background: For the establishment and monitoring of the immune status, CD4 count is critical. Objectives: To determine the CD4 count range of apparently healthy Nigerians resident in Ilorin and compare with the national value. Methods: An automated blood analyzer was used to determine the full blood count and CD4 count. The percentage of CD4 count was derived by using other variables. Results: Of the 1205 participants, the reference CD4 count (percentage of CD4) range for adult was 400 to 1288 cells/mm 3 (19%-48%) and for children was 582 to 3652 cells/mm 3 (17%-50%). CD4 count and percentage of CD4 were significantly (P 1⁄4 .001) higher in females than in males, and the CD4 count declined significantly with increasing age (r 1⁄4 .174, P .0001). The percentage of CD4 count shows less variation with age (r 1⁄4 .051, P 1⁄4 .076). Adult residents of Ilorin had significantly lower absolute mean CD4 count (808 + 260) than that of the national reference values of 847.0 + 307.0 cells/mm 3 (P 1⁄4 .001). Conclusion: We therefore advocate the use of CD4 count range derived in this study is lower than that of the national reference values.Item Ocular Findings in Children with Cerebral Palsy Attending A Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria.(College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences. Sierra Leone., 2015) Bodunde, O.T.; Ademola-Popoola, D. S.; Ojuawo, A.; Adeboye, M. A. N.Cerebral palsy is commonly associated with ocular abnormalities which often impact on their development and education. There is paucity of studies on this in Nigeria. We decided to study/ determine the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among children with cerebral palsy that attended the neurology clinic of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria (UITH). A cross sectional survey of children with cerebral palsy presenting at Pediatric neurology clinic of UITH between January and December 2012 was done. Age appropriate visual acuities were checked, ocular examination was done with hand held Slit Lamp and Cycloplegic refraction and fundoscopy done with indirect Ophthalmoscope. Thirty - seven (42.5%) of 87 subjects seen within that period presented for ocular assessment. There were 24 males (64.9%) and 13 females (35.1%) with a male female ratio of 1.8:1. The age ranged between 6-168months with a mean of 50.11+ 46.51months. Thirty- three (89.2%) were delivered full term while 4(10.8%) were preterm. Spastic cerebral palsy accounted for 45.9% of all the cases seen. Strabismus was found in thirteen subjects (35.1%). This was esotropia in 7(54%) and exotropia in 6 (46%) subjects. Refractive error was found in 32(86.5%) subjects and Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) in 28(75.7%) subjects CVI, refractive errors and strabismus are the most common ocular findings in children with Cerebral Palsy in Nigeria. Early detection and early intervention is important to achieve best developmental and educational attainment. Multidisciplinary approach involving Neurologists, Ophthalmologists, and Physiotherapist is paramount in managing these children from the time of diagnosis.Item Oral-Facio-Digital Syndrome in a Nigeria Infant: a Case Report(2008) Adeboye, M. A. N.Item Paediatric Pain Management.(Paediatric Association of Nigeria, 2013) Adeboye, M. A. N.; Fakayode, E. A. O.; Adeniran, M. O.; Adebayo, A. T.Pain is one of the most common symptoms experienced the world over. It has always received the needed attention and care in the adult but not until recently among children. Several erroneous beliefs contributed to the inadequate attention among children such as assumption that children did not experience pain to the extent that adults do, because of the immature nervous system, or that children would not remember the pain. A paediatrician is expected to be knowledgeable about pediatric pain management principles, provide a calm environment for painful procedures, use appropriate assessment tools and techniques, anticipate painful experiences, use a multimodal approach (pharmacologic, cognitive, behavioral, and physical) to pain management, use a multidisciplinary approach when possible and involve families in creating solutions for their child’s pain. Studies have shown that the most common reason for unrelieved pain is failure to routinely assess pain and provide pain relief. The theories, pathways, transmission, regulations, classifications, assessment scales and the treatment of paediatric pain and practical issues that arise from the use of pharmacologic analgesic in the children were also reviewed and highlighted.