Browsing by Author "Abubakar, F.A & Oloyede H.O.B"
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Item Enhancing Impact of Prosopis africana Fraction on Biochemical Indices and Oxidative Balance in Plasmodium berghei-infected Mice(Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, 2024) Abubakar, F.A & Oloyede H.O.BThis study addresses the ongoing global health challenge of malaria by exploring the therapeutic potential of the Prosopis africana fraction in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Using 42 male mice divided into six groups, including a control group, infected groups without treatment, infected treated with 20 mg/kg bw chloroquine, and infected groups treated with different doses of Prosopis africana fraction at 6.25 mg/kg,12.5mg/kg and 25 mg/kg bw respectively. The mice were induced by NK-65 chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei and administered oral treatment for four days. After the treatment period, a biochemical analysis of blood samples and tissues was conducted, focusing on liver and kidney function markers, as well as oxidative stress indicators. Mice infected with Plasmodium berghei exhibited significant alterations in biochemical indices and oxidative balance compared to the control group. However, treatment with Prosopis africana fraction mitigated these changes, restoring biochemical parameters and reestablishing oxidative balance. Notably, the dose at 12.5 mg/kg bw of Prosopis africana fraction demonstrated superior efficacy in reversing the alterations induced by malaria infection. These findings suggest that Prosopis africana fraction holds therapeutic potential in mitigating the biochemical disruptions and oxidative stress associated with malaria infection. Keywords: Malaria, Plasmodium berghei, Prosopis africana fraction, biochemical indices, oxidative balance.Item Prosopis africana stem bark extract: Effects on parasitaemia and haematological parameters of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice.(Nigerian Society for Experimental Biology, 2021) Abubakar, F.A & Oloyede H.O.BHerbal medicine practitioners use Prosopis africana for the treatment of malaria in endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, the acclaimed antimalarial activity of aqueous extract of P. africana stem bark was investigated. Thirty mice (21.05 ± 0.56g) were randomly assigned into six groups. Group A served as uninfected control, whereas animals in groups B, C, D, E, and F were infected with Plasmodium berghei (NK 65 chloroquine-sensitive), and treated for four days with 0.2ml of distilled water, 20 mg/Kg body weight (bw) of chloroquine, 100, 150, and 200 mg/Kgbw of the extract respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of alkaloids (5.08 mg/g), anthraquinone (1.43 mg/g), flavonoids (4.72 mg/g), glycosides (4.41mg/g), phlobatannins (0.19mg/g), tannins (2.03 mg/g) and saponins (1.22 mg/g). Treatment with the aqueous extract of P. africana stem bark at 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg bw produced 89.63, 82.16 and 75.60% chemo-suppression of the parasite respectively, whereas 84.89% was recorded in mice treated with the reference drug, chloroquine. Infection of mice with P. berghei significantly (p<0.05) reduced white blood cells, red blood cells, haemoglobin, packed cell volume and platelet counts, whereas treatment of the infected mice with the extract significantly (p<0.05) increased the level of these haematological indices. This study showed that an aqueous extract of P. africana stem bark significantly reduced the parasite in the blood of infected mice and enhanced the haematological indices associated with P. berghei infection, with the best activity at 100 mg/Kg bw of the extract. Keywords: Prosopis africana, Plasmodium berghei, herbal medicine, haematological parameters, parasitaemia