Browsing by Author "Abiodun, Olatunji"
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Item Burden of care and psychological distress in primary caregivers of patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria(Jimma University, Ethiopia., 2019) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Abiodun, Olatunji; Makanjuola, Alfred; Olarinoye, John; Ogunmodede, James; Buhari, OluwabunmiBACKGROUND: Caregivers play an important role in the management and care of individuals with chronic medical conditions. This is because; they provide emotional, physical, financial as well as spiritual support to their wards. However, the process of caregiving is usually associated with feelings of burden and psychological distress. METHODS: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, clinicbased study done at the endocrinology clinic of a Teaching hospital in Northern Nigeria. It was done utilizing the Zarit Burden Interview, the General Health Questionnaire (12 item version) and a socio-demographic questionnaire designed by the authors. The levels of burden as well as the factors associated with burden and psychological distress in one hundred caregivers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were assessed. Statistical analysis was done using chi square, independent T test and linear regression. RESULTS: Forty- two percent (42%) of caregivers experienced little or no burden, 47% had mild to moderate burden, 8% had moderate to severe burden, while 3% had severe burden. When the ZBI scores were dichotomized into ‘low’ and ‘high’ burden, 89% were found to experience low burden, while 11% experienced high burden. On logistic regression, females were found to be four times more likely to experience high burden, while Thirty-five (35%) percent of caregivers had a GHQ score of > 3, signifying psychological distress and psychological distress was found to be significantly associated with burden. CONCLUSION: Many Nigerian caregivers of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus experience burden and psychological distress associated with caregiving, especially female caregivers and those taking care of those taking care of patients with complications. It is therefore important for clinicians to recognize burdened caregivers and intervene appropriately in order to improve the quality of care of these patientsItem Caregivers of the Mentally Ill Experience More Burden: A Comparative Study of Mental Versus Physical Illness(East African Medical Association,, 2021) Ogunmodede, Adebusola; Abiodun, Olatunji; Makanjuola, Alfred; Ogunmodede, James; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Mohammed, Amina; Fabiyi, Eniola; Adepoju, Selima; Ademola, Maruf; Ogunwale, AdegboyegaBackground: Caring for patients with chronic illnesses whether mental or physical imposes a burden on caregivers. Schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are both chronic illnesses which require long term care, though they differ in pathophysiologic concepts. Planning strategies for improving the quality of life of caregivers of these patients will require that clinicians answer the pertinent question of who experiences more burden. Objective: This study assessed and compared the burden of care in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and Type 2 DM, determined caregiver and patient characteristics that predict burden in both groups. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Endocrinology and Psychiatry outpatient clinics of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Participants: One hundred patients with schizophrenia and 100 patients with Type 2 DM, along with their primary caregivers. Outcome measures: Caregiver burden was assessed using the ZBI. Results: Caregivers of schizophrenia patients experienced significantly higher burden than caregivers of Type 2 DM (p=0.025). Predictors of burden in schizophrenia patients’ caregivers were caregiver age (OR=2.088), being a lone caregiver (OR=1.39), perceiving caregiving as problematic (OR=6.194), GHQ-12 scores of caregiver (OR=7.46) as well as the presence of psychopathology (OR=2.61). The predictors of burden in Type 2 DM patients’ caregivers were caregiver gender (OR=4.049) presence of physical complications (OR=1.547). Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were found to experience significantly higher levels of burden and psychological distress and this is important in planning care strategies for this group of patients.Item Depression in elderly primary healthcare clinic attendees in Ilorin, Nigeria.(College of Health Sciences of the University of Ilorin, Ilorin, 2018) Adegunloye, Olushola; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Abiodun, OlatunjiDepression in the elderly presenting at primary care settings is usually under- detected by primary care physicians. This study assessed the prevalence of depression and the utility of the Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form) in detecting depression in elderly patients in primary care populations in Ilorin, Nigeria This was a two stage cross-sectional study with data obtained from three primary care centres in Ilorin using a proforma for socio-demographic variables and GDS-SF for depression screening. The second involved use of Depression Module of MINI (without knowledge of first stage scores) on all those with scores of > 6 and a 15% random sample of those with scores <6 on GDS-SF. Data analysis was by use of SPSS version 21 while level of significance was set at P<0.05. A total of 463 patients participated in the study. Prevalence of depression was found to be 3.2%. Depression was not found to be significantly associated with socio-demographic factors, but being divorced, separated or widowed, as well as, being female, increased age, feeling lonely and presence of at least one chronic physical illness showed trends towards caseness on GDS-SF. All 15 patients who screened positive on GDS-SF for depression were confirmed on MINI interview to be cases of depression. In conclusion the use of short screening instrument such as GDS-SF may improve detection rate for late life depression in busy primary care clinics in Nigeria. Primary care physicians should particularly look out for at risk groups such as divorced, separated and widowed elderly patients for routine screening for depressionItem Prevalence and clinical implications of psychopathology in adults with epilepsy seen in an outpatient clinic in NIGERIA(Elvesier, 2014) Tunde-Ayinmode, Mosunmola; Ajiboye, Peter; Abiodun, Olatunji; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Sanya, EmmanuelBackground The psychopathological and clinical characteristics of adult patients with epilepsy attending our neurology clinic were evaluated to determine prevalence of psychopathology and its associated factors towards improving services and initiating collaborative care which is currently nonexistent. Methods The study was a two-stage procedure conducted over 1 year using the General Health Questionnaire in the first stage and Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry in the second stage. Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders was based on International Classification of Diseases: 10th Revision criteria. Results Sixty-three patients were interviewed. Mean age was 34.43 ± 13.7 years; more than half of the patients had less than one seizure episode per month. Fourteen patients (22.2%) had partial epilepsy; 40 (63.5%), generalized; and 9 (14.3%), unclassified seizures. The rate of psychiatric morbidity was found to be 28.6%. Depressive disorders were the most common (66.7%), followed by psychotic disorders (11.1%), anxiety disorders (11.1%) and dementia (11.1%). Psychopathology was more common in women (P= .007), those older than 40 years (P= .038) and those with partial epilepsy (P= .017). Conclusion About one third of patients with epilepsy studied had undetected and untreated psychopathology. Our neurology clinic urgently needs currently nonexistent collaborative care involving neurologists, psychiatrists and primary care physicians in order to improve the mental health of the patients with epilepsy.Item Psychiatric morbidity in a Nigerian Neurology Clinic(East African Medical Association, 2012) Ajiboye, Peter; Abiodun, Olatunji; Tunde-Ayinmode, Mosunmola; Sanya, Emmanuel; Wahab, Kolawole; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Ayanda, Kazeem; Jimba, Muhammed; Agbabiaka, KehindeObjective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among patients attending a neurology outpatient clinic. Design: A two-stage screening procedure with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ- 12) and Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) was used to assess psychological disorders over a one year period. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on ICD-10 criteria. Setting: University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin- Nigeria Subjects: Two hundred and thirty-five (235) patients aged 18 years and above attending the neurology outpatient clinic. Results: Overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 26.0% (61/235). The most frequent diagnoses were depression (14.9%), generalised anxiety disorder (5.5%), dementia (2.6%) and substance use disorder (1.3%). Significantly more patients with stroke had psychiatric morbidity. Conclusion: The study supports previous reports that psychiatric disorders are quite common among patients with neurological disorders. Efforts should, therefore, be directed at identifying and treating neurological patients with psychiatric morbidity since this will ensure improved outcome. In this regard, mental health professionals would need to provide liaison services for the neurologists and train them in the use of simple screening instruments for detecting associated psychiatric disorders with appropriate referral where necessary.Item Psychiatric Morbidity in Stroke Patients Attending a Neurology Clinic in Nigeria(Makerere University Medical School, Ugand, 2013) Tunde-Ayinmode, Mosunmola; Ajiboye, Peter; Abiodun, Olatunji; Buhari, Oluwabunmi; Sanya, Emmanuel; Wahab, KolawoleBack ground: Stroke produces a wide range of mental and emotional disorders. Neuropsychiatric complications associated with stroke may have negative effects on the social functioning, overall quality of life and the recovery of motor functioning of stroke survivors. Objective: To determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among stroke patients attending neurology outpatient clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin- Nigeria. Methods: All patients with stroke aged 18 years and above at an outpatient neurology clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria were assessed for mental and emotional disorders using the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) over one year (March 2009 to February 2010). Results: Overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 36.0% (30/83) among 83 patients who constituted the study population. Specific diagnoses recorded were depression (19.2%), generalised anxiety disorder (9.6%), harmful alcohol use (2.4%); dementia, somatoform disorder, phobia and delusional disorder each had a prevalence of 1.2%. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were not significantly associated with psychiatric morbidity. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders are often associated with stroke. Identifying and treating stroke patients with these psychiatric co- morbidities could thus help to improve the overall quality of life of these patients