Browsing by Author "Abdulrahim H.A."

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    Orally administered artesunate modulates activity of cell body defense in plasma and brain of female wistar rats
    (IBRO Reports, 2019-12) Abdulrahim H.A.; T.M. Salman; A.A. Feyitimi; N.A. Omeiza
    Artesunate is a potent and rapidly acting blood schizonticide used in the treatment of acute severe malaria, especially cerebral malaria. The present study evaluated the potential effects of vary- ing doses of artesunate on some biochemical parameters in female Wistar rats. Fifteen (15) female Wistar rats weighing 150 ± 10 g were used and blindly randomized into three groups having five (5) animals each. Control received distilled water (0.2 ml/kg day 1–5), LDA and HDA were treated with oral artesunate (2.90 mg/kg day 1; 1.45 mg/kg day 2–5) and (8.70 mg/kg day 1; 4.35 mg/kg day 2–5) respectively. The results showed that artesunate significantly reduced the plasma potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), phosphorus (P), total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), phos- pholipids (PL) but raised hydrogen bicarbonate (HCO3 −) and nitric oxide (NO) levels when compared with control. Furthermore, its effect in the brain tissue indicated marked elevations of sodium (Na+), Ca2+, HCO3 -, P, MDA, with a concomitant decreases in NO lev- els when compared with control. The current findings suggest that artesunate could cause imbalance in the electrolytes and miner- als, and alterations in prooxidant/antioxidant levels in plasma and brain tissue with ameliorative responses from cell body defense mechanisms. Therefore, dietary supplements are recommended along with therapeutic usage of artesunate.
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    Sensorimotor changes following acute exposure to carbamazepine and phenytoin in male Wistar rats
    (Savannah Veterinary Journal, 2020-05-29) Akorede G.J; Ambali S.F; Abidoye K.A; Olatunji A.O; Aremu, A; Basiru A; Suleiman K.Y; Ahmed O.A; Abdulrahim H.A.
    Introduction: The use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) such as carbamazepine and phenytoin are part of strategies for the management of epilepsy. Acute exposure of epileptic patients to AEDs can cause sensory impairment. Aim: This study seeks to assess sensorimotor changes in male Wistar rats upon single-large dose exposure to carbamazepine, phenytoin and their mixture. Methods: 24 male Wistar rats (160-210 g) were randomly separated to four groups with 6 rats each. Groups I, II and III was given distilled water (2 ml/kg), carbamazepine (1950 mg/kg); and phenytoin (820 mg/kg) respectively, while Group IV (CBZ+PHY) was co-exposed to carbamazepine (1950 mg/kg) and phenytoin (820 mg/kg). The treatment was orally administered once by gavage (on Day(D) 1), then followed by weekly monitoring of body weight, clinical signs and neurobehavioural parameters for four weeks (D0, D1, D7, D14, D21 and D28). Results: The body weight revealed insignificant improvement (p > 0.05) in all groups. A significantly (p < 0.05) lower grooming frequency, increased locomotor activity and a reduction in the frequency of urination and defe- cation were recorded in the CBZ and PHY groups. Also, the number of missed rungs, inclined plane and grip fore- paw time reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in CBZ, PHY and CBZ+PHY groups. Significance: A single large dose of CBZ, PHY and their combination caused anxiogenic and sensorimotor im- pairment.
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    Subchronic Oral Administration of Lead Exacerbate Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
    (FUOYE Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2022-04) J.O. Fatoki O. Iyapo; T.G. Atere; B.J. Dare; O.S. Tokunbo; Abdulrahim H.A.
    Lead is an environmental and occupational toxicant. Compelling experimental data from previous studies have shown that following lead exposure, highest concentration of the absorbed lead is stored in the liver and the kidney, and this is expected to have severe consequences on the two organs. In this study, we investigated the effects of lead on the hepatic and renal structure and functions. Rats (n=24) were grouped into four of six animals each. Group 1(control) received drinking water only. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were orally exposed to 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight of lead respectively for 12 weeks, after which, blood, liver, and kidney were collected from the animals for biochemical and histological studies. One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test was used to analyze the results with (p <0.05) considered significant. Lead exposure caused a general decline in the percentage body weight gain and percentage relative liver weight. Physical trauma was also observed in the lead-treated rats. The lead exposure also significantly (p <0.05) enhanced the plasma activities of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, a significant increase (p <0.05) was observed in the concentration of creatinine and urea in the plasma of the lead-exposed animals. The histological study also revealed several histological alterations in the liver and kidney of lead-exposed animals relative to the control animals. These findings indicated that exposure to lead may have adverse effects on the structure and function of both the liver and the kidney.