Browsing by Author "Abdulmajeed, W.I."

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    Dichlorvos induced oxidative and neuronal responses in rats; mitigative efficacy of Nigella sativa (black cumin)
    (2018) Imam, A.; Ogunniyi, A.; Ibrahim, A.; Abdulmajeed, W.I.; Oyewole, L.A.; Lawan, A.H.; Sulaimon, F.A.; Adana, M.Y.; Ajao M.S
    Poisoning from Organophosphates (OPs), especially Dichlorvos (DDVP) has become endemic due to the increasing use in house hold and agricultural pests control, with most marked effects in the nervous system. However, it is evidenced that natural antioxidants are efficacious against OPs toxicity. Thus, this study investigated the possible antidotal efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in Dichlovos (DDVP) induced oxidative and neuronal damages in Wistar rats. DDVP was administered at sub-chronic daily dosage of 8.8 mg/kg.bw for 7 days and a post-administration of NSO at 1 ml/kg.bw for the subsequent 7 days. The rats were euthanized on the 15thday, blood sample collected via cardiac puncture, centrifuged and the plasma used for biochemical analysis of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the frontal, occipital and cerebellar cortices and the medulla were removed for histo morphological examinations. The results showed significant (P≤0.05) decrease in plasma TAC and GSH, while a significant (P≤0.05) increase in ROS was recorded, and some vacuolation around the neurons especially in the frontal and cerebellar cortices following DDVP exposure. However, post treatment with NSO was observed to be efficacious in the recovery of the oxidative activities and the neuro-architectural integrities. Thus, it can be concluded that the antioxidant capacity of NSO could be efficacious against OPs induced oxidative damages, especially in dichlorvos accidents.
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    Exposure to varied cage-size habitats alters pain sensitivity and inflammation-related biomarkers.
    (Elsevier, 2020) Oyewole, A. L.; Oyafemi, K. O.; Badmus, K. S. J. O.; Omoleye, K. S.; Abubakar, M. F.; Adeniyi-Raheem, O.; Amedu, A.; Lawal, D. L.; Ijiyode, A. O.; Yussuf, A. O.; Ishola, S. S.; Sulaimon, F. A.; Alli-Oluwafuyi, A.O.; Nafiu, A.B.; Akinola, O.; Olajide, O.J.; Amin, A.; Abdulmajeed, W.I.; Michael, O.S.; Adeyanju, O.A.; Ogunjimi, G.L.
    Background: Nature and size of rodent cages vary from one laboratory or country to another. Little is however known about the physiological implications of exposure to diverse cage sizes in animal-based experiments. Method: Here, two groups of male Swiss mice (Control group – Cage stationed, and Test group – Cage migrated) were used for this study. The cage-migrated mice were exposed daily to various cage sizes used across labora tories in Nigeria while the cage-stationed mice exposed daily to different but the same cage size and shape. At the end of the 30 days exposure, top-rated paradigms were used to profile changes in physiological behaviours, and this was followed by evaluation of histological and biochemical metrics. Results: The study showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose levels (at 60 and 120 min of oral glucose tolerance test) in the cage-migrated mice compared to cage-stationed mice. Strikingly, peripheral oxi dative stress (plasma malondialdehyde) and pain sensitivity (formalin test, hot-and-cold plate test, and von Frey test) decreased significantly in cage-migrated mice compared to cage-stationed animals. Also, the pro-in flammation mediators (IL-6 and NF-κB) increased significantly in cage-migrated mice compared to cage-sta tioned mice. However, emotion-linked behaviours, neurotransmitters (serotonin, noradrenaline and GABA), brain and plasma electrolytes were not significantly difference in cage-migrated animals compared to cage stationed mice. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that varied size cage-to-cage exposure of experimental mice could affect targeted behavioural and biomolecular parameters of pain and inflammation, thus diminishing research reproducibility, precipitating false negative/positive results and leading to poor translational outcomes.