Browsing by Author "AbdulRahaman, A.A."

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    The antibacterial activity of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina on some enteric bacteria
    (Department of Science Education federal University of Technology Minna., 2017) Ahmed, R.N.; Omotade, A.A.; Sani, A; Agbabiaka, T.O.; Arekemase, M.O.; Gambari-Ambali, R.O.; AbdulRahaman, A.A.
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    Comparative biodiversity assessment of weed species in monocropping plantations of University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
    (Institute for Enviroment and Sanitation Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, 2020) Olayinka, U.B.; Adeyemi, S.B.; Abdulkareem, K.A.; Olahan, G.S.; Lateef, A.A.; Garuba, T.; AbdulRahaman, A.A.
    The present study investigates the weed species diversity in four plantations of university of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria using quadrat method. The survey revealed two major life cycles (annual and perennial) and recorded a total of 88 weed species belonging to 32 families. Four species (Azadirachta indica, Daniellia oliveri, Desmodium tortuosum, and Tridax procumbens) were common in all the surveyed plantations while the family Fabaceae was the most dominant. The abundant weed species analysis showed a high importance value index and were more adapted to the plantations. Diversity analysis revealed high species richness in the sugarcane plantation. The non-canopy nature of the plantation, soil structure as well as ability to coexist with many other species may underscore the reasons for this pattern of diversity. The evenness and similarity indices between and across the plantations were generally low, thus, indicating varying diversity. As a result of the recorded variation in weed composition between and across the plantations, the study has provided an insight on the pattern of weed diversity in the studied plantations. The study recommended that the most abundant weed species populations be checked for the plantations to thrive. Finally, there is an urgent need to conserve weed species that are not only rare in abundance but also showed great social and economic values.
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    Effects of fungal filtrates on seed germination and leaf anatomy of maize seedlings (Zea mays L., Poaceae)
    (JASEM, University of Port Harcourt., 2014-12) Garuba T.; AbdulRahaman, A.A.; Olahan, G.S.; Abdulkareem, K.A.; Amadi, J.E.
    This study was carried out to investigate the effects of 7-day-old fungal filtrates of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum isolated from maize seeds on percentage germination, morphological and anatomical structures of maize seedlings. The seeds were soaked in culture filtrate of each fungus for 12hrs before planting. Blotter method was used to observe seed germination. Results showed that the percentage germination of the seeds treated with culture filtrates of A. niger and P. chrysogenum (65.33% and 79.67% respectively) was lower than the control (100%) and significantly different from each other at significant level of P ≥0.05. The leaf area showed significant difference between the experimental and control plants but there was no significant difference in the leaf number. The tetracytic stomatal complex type and wavy anticlinal walls remained constant in all the treatments and control. The stomatal index of seed treated with A. niger on abaxial leaf surface (43.61%) showed significant difference with adaxial leaf surface (31.97%). The treatments had no significant difference on stomatal density at abaxial surfaces. Reduction in stomatal size and density suggests physiological implication.
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    Effects of Sodium Azide and Nitrous Acid on the Morphology and Leaf Anatomy of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae)
    (The Society for the Conservation of Phytofuels and Sciences, Nigeria., 2013-09) AbdulRahaman, A.A.; Afolabi, A.A.; Olayinka, B.U.; Mustapha, O.T.; Abdulkareem, K.A.; Oladele, F.A.
    Morphological and anatomical effects of two chemomutagens namely sodium azide and nitrous acid were studied on Jatropha curcas. Seeds were soaked in the two mutagens at various concentrations (1mM, 2mM, 3mM and 4mM) for 4 hours and later rinsed in the distilled water to remove excess mutagens. The seeds were later air dried and planted in plastic pots for observations for 12 weeks. Results shown increase in the seedling height, number of leaves, high frequency of paracytic stomata, higher stomatal index and density on the abaxial leaf surface and large stomata in seedlings induced with sodium azide (1mMNaN3 and 2mMNaN3). Also nitrous acid along with the sodium azide enhanced higher stomatal index and density, and large stomata. The effects of sodium azide especially 1mMNaN3 and 2mMNaN3 induced beneficial traits in morphology and anatomy of J. curcas than nitrous acid.
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    Melisopalynological Analysis of Honey Samples from Jatropha Plantation and Unilorin Apriary Farm
    (Society for the Conservation of Phytofuels and Sciences, 2013-09-01) AbdulRahaman, A.A.; Solomon, O.R.; Liadi, M.T.; Ahmed, R.N.; Belewu, M.A.; Adeyemi, S.B.; Oladele, F.A.
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    Molecular characterization of potential crop pathogens associated with weeds as endophytes in Unilorin plantations, Nigeria.
    (College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Jadriah, Baghdad, Iraq., 2022-05-20) Lateef, A.A.; Garuba, T.; Abdulkareem, K.A.; Olayinka, B.U.; Olahan, G.S.; Adeyemi, S.B.; AbdulRahaman, A.A.
    Crop diseases are usually caused by inoculum of pathogens which might exist on alternate hosts or weeds as endophytes. These endophytes, cum pathogens, usually confer some beneficial attributes to these weeds or alternate hosts from protection against herbivores, disease resistance, stress tolerance to secondary metabolites production. This study was therefore carried out to isolate potential crop pathogens which exist as endophytes on weed species in the University of Ilorin plantations. Green asymptomaticleaves were collected from 10 weed species across the plantations, and processed for their endophytic fungi isolation. Isolates were purified into pure cultures and used for molecular identification using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA. Phylogenetic analysis of the fungal sequences using MEGA software revealed 9 fungal genera belonging to 13 species, with species in the genera Curvularia, Epicoccumand Daldiniaoccurring in more than one weed species, while other genera such as Alternaria, Fusarium, Chaetomium, Macrophomina, Arthriniumand Phomopsisoccurred in just one weed species each. Daldinia eschscholtziiwas isolated in this study as an endophyte from Loudetia arundinaceafor the first time. This plant is very abundant in Nigeria and Africa where it is used majorly for thatching and feeding livestocks. This also represents the first endophytic fungi from the genus Loudetia. Potential relationship between the occurrences of these fungi as endophytes and as pathogens are discussed. These discoveries represent the first large-scale molecular identification and several first reports of endophytes from these weed species. These results also represent the first records of some of these fungi in Nigeria.