Browsing by Author "Abdul Abdulraheem"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Item
    Cost-Effectiveness of Drug Therapies in Management of Hypertension in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital: a Utility-Based Analysis
    (Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci, 2025-11-25) Jamiu Muslim Olakunle; Giwa Halima Bukola; Elegbede Busayo Jumoke; Aiyelero Medinat Oyeronke; Shittu Abiodun Oyetunji; Njinga Stan; Abdul Abdulraheem; Giwa Abdul-fatihi Salaudeen; Giwa Abdulganiyu; Elegbede Elijah Olusegun
    ABSTRACT: Efficient resource allocation is vital for managing hypertension in Nigeria due to the high disease burden and limited healthcare resources. This study aims to assess the cost effectiveness of hypertension therapies at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over one year by reviewing drug use, analyzing costs effectiveness of treatment options and examining their impact on healthcare policy and resource allocation. A sample size of 356 case notes was derived from 40,009 ambulatory hypertensive patients. The drug utilization study involved a one-year retrospective review of the 356 case notes, conducted from January to December 2023. The EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) was used to determine the effectiveness of treatment options based on qualityadjusted life years (QALYs). Of the 693 prescriptions identified, 94 (13.56%) contained monotherapy, 328(47.3%) two-drug combination and 271(39.11%) three-drug combination. Amlodipine + lisinopril appeared to be more costeffective than amlodipine + telmisartan, which in turn was more cost-effective than both amlodipine + indapamide and amlodipine + ramipril, leaving amlodipine+ lisinopril as the most cost effective out of analysed options for the Nigeria healthcare system. ICERs obtained were robust to parameter variation on probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Inclusion of amlodipine + lisinopril in the WHO essential medicine list, hospital formularies, and standard treatment guidelines as components of drug policy is justified and would promote rational drug use, improve treatment outcomes and optimize resource utilization in the management of hypertension in Nigeria.
  • Item
    udget impact analysis of alternative strategies for initiating antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria
    (Libyan Association for Pharmacists, 2025-10-10) Jamiu Muslim Olakunle; Giwa Halima Bukaola; Aiyelero Medinat Oyeronnke; Abdul Abdulraheem; Giwa Abdulganiyu; Eniayewu Ibrahim Oluwasegun
    Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently made recommendations for treating all Human Immunodeficency Virus (HIV/AIDS) patients irrespective of their immune status. This issue poses challenges to lower-middle-income countries like Nigeria due to resource limitations. This study performed a budget impact analysis (BIA) of different strategies for the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among individuals living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. A dynamic cohort budget impact model was used to compare two initiation arms (CD4 < 350 cells/ml and CD4 > 500 cells/ml), with CD4 > 500 cells/ml representing the 2015 WHO guidelines for initiation of ART. Outcomes were hospitalization costs, new infection transmission, and overall budget impact. Key inputs included HIV prevalence in Nigeria, ART access and costs, hospitalization rates and costs, ART uptake trends, and transmission rates. Sensitivity analysis empolyed Monte Carlo simulations to assess the impact of selected parameters. At the end of year five, applying the 2015 WHO guidelines reduced new HIV transmissions by 87.0%, preventing 77,000 infections. Hospitalization cost reductions saved $1.12 million. Overall budget impacts were $718 million for immediate initiation versus $903 million for deferred initiation, yielding $184 million in savings. Monte Carlo simulations showed reduced transmission as the main driver of savings. Prioritizing early treatment initiation espoused by the 2015 WHO guidelines maximize resource efficiency, reduces long-term healthcare costs, and accelerate progress toward epidemic control targets. The findings strongly support the adoption and sustained implementation of the 2015 WHO guidelines for immediate ART initiation. It has public health and economic benefits.