EFFECT OF PROCESSING PARAMETERS ON SOLVENT OIL EXPRESSION FROM LOOFAH SEEDS (LUFFA CYLINDRICA L.) USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
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Date
2019-06-04
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ARID ZONE JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT
Abstract
Luffah cylindrica plant grows in the wild, around uncompleted
buildings and fenced walls. The percentage oil composition of its seeds
is about 30% oil. The research focused was the extraction oil from
loofah seed using a solvent extraction methodology. Optimum
conditions for oil extraction were determined using Response Surface
Methodology of Central Composite Rotatable Design. A total of 20
experimental runs were used to investigate the optimum condition
considering three independent variables at five levels each: extraction
temperature (55, 60, 65, 60, 75ºC), seed/solvent ratio (0.04, 0.05, 0.06,
0.07, 0.08 g/ml) and extraction time (4, 5, 6, 7, 8 hr.). An empirical
model equation that could be used to forecast oil yield as a function of
the independent variables was developed. The optimum oil yield
obtained was 27.43% at the extraction temperature (74.05ºC),
seed/solvent ratio (0.05 g/ml) and extraction time (5.35hr). The analysis
of variance showed that extraction temperature and time had
significant effect on oil yield (p = 0.05). The interaction of the
independent variables with oil yield gave R2 and R2 adj. values of 0.98
and 0.93, respectively. The result showed that the selected independent
variables had a significant
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Keywords
Yield, Ratio, Optimization, Model, extraction