Antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from Clarias gariepinus farms in Kaduna state, Nigeria
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Date
2022-04-30
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Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology
Abstract
Fish farming is increasing globally, with an increase in bacterial infections known to cause morbidity and varying mor
tality, affecting the productivity and profitability of aquaculture. The objective of this study was to determine the antibi
otics susceptibility and multiple antibiotic resistance index of bacteria isolated from fish in some selected fish farms in
Kaduna State to ten commonly used antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. In total, 84 bacteria were
isolated from 75 Clarias gariepinus in this study, belonging to 12 genera. The antibiotic profile of the bacteria isolated
displayed different sensitivity and resistance to the antibiotics used. The highest numbers of the Gram-positive (59.5%)
and Gram-negative (69%) bacteria, respectively, were sensitive to ciprofloxacin compared to the other antibiotics. All
the bacterial isolates displayed varying diversity of multidrug-resistant patterns. A total of 38 and 41 different resistance
patterns for Gram-positive and Gram-negative respectively were observed. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR)
index analysis reveals that 97.3% of the bacteria had a high MAR index value (> 0.2). In conclusion, there is a diversity
of bacteria organisms within the fish farms that are pathogenic to both fish and humans. Therefore, there is a need to
implement optimal preventive management measures and control the use of antibiotics.
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Deborah Arimie Adah, Saidu Lawal, Sonnie Oniye, Sylvanus Adakole Adah, Susan Mosebolatan David, Omodolapo Morohunranti Obisesan