Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Locally Fermented Cattle Milk (Nono) in Gambari Market, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Date
2026-04-30
Journal Title
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Publisher
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
Abstract
Several factors contribute to the occurrence of Salmonella in locally fermented milk (nono) from cattle in many parts of Africa. This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with the occurrence of the organism in nono from Gambari Market, Ilorin, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study with a systematic random sampling method was used to administer a questionnaire to 35% of the 113 nono sellers from which samples were collected to isolate Salmonella. Out of the respondents who were all females (100%), 80% did not wash their hands before milking their cattle, the same percentage did not have a formal education (P<0.05), while more (15%) younger respondents (≤25 years) engaged in hand washing compared to older (>25 years) ones, 5%. Although 80% of the respondents reported they wash their milking equipment before and after use, 70%, 100%, 45% and 100% did not observe other hygiene practices like cleaning milked cow udder before milking, boiling of milking during product processing, cleaning of the milking cattle holding areas, daily and using disinfectants in the milking areas (P<0.05) respectively. Ninety-five per cent of the respondents reported keeping the dairy cattle in well-ventilated areas, while 85% and 95% self-administered antibiotics to their cattle (P<0.05) and had their cattle mingle with other cattle, respectively. The general hygienic practices (GHP) and environmental hygiene (GEH) levels of the respondents in the study area were poor. The government and all stakeholders should conduct extensive health education for nono sellers to achieve improved public health
Description
Keywords
Risk factors, Salmonella, Occurrence, Nono
Citation
Oludairo, O. O., Zakariya, M. E., Fasasi, A. G., Ishola, T. O., Fabiyi, F. E., Richards, B. A., Daodu, O. B., and Ola-Fadunsin, S. D. (2026). Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Locally Fermented Cattle Milk (Nono) in Gambari Market, Ilorin, Nigeria. Journal of Current Veterinary Research, 8(1), 14-24. doi: 10.21608/jcvr.2026.502181