Physicochemical, Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of Momordica charantia and Citrullus vulgaris seed oil extracts.
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Date
2019-05
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Publisher
Centrepoint Journal (Science Edition)
Abstract
Two underutilized tropical seeds were investigated for their nutritive,
physicochemical and biological potentials. Oils were extracted from the
seeds with n-hexane using Soxhlet extractor. The fatty acid of the oils was
determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Amino
acid profile was elucidated from defatted seed cake by alkaline hydrolysis
using PTH 120 A model. Proximate analysis was done and the in vitro
antioxidant potential of the crude oil were investigated using 1,1–
diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) against Ascorbic acid as standard by
zones of inhibition methods. Proximate analysis shows that the seed cake
was rich in lipid (25.49-26.55%), protein (18.28-34.24%) and
carbohydrate (25.61-34.83%) with high energy density (441.85-478.35
kcal/kg). polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 9.cis.,11. trans.t,13. trans.-
octadecatrienoic (39.16 %) was the most abundant fatty acid in M.
charantia. Oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid appears in both seed
oil. The oils also contain saturated fatty acids such palmitic acid and
stearic acid in appreciable quantity. The quality assessment showed that C.
vulgaris has high percentage of PUFA than M. charantia compared to
WHO/FAO standard. Twenty amino acids were detected in each of the
seed cake, glutamic acid (15.59 vs 14.84), arginine (10.58 vs 12.21),
aspartic acid (9.30 vs 8.71), glycine (7.86 vs 6.25), alanine (6.25 vs 5.19)
and leucine (5.25 vs 7.59) in M. charantia and C. vulgaris respectively.
The oil from seed also demonstrated significant antioxidant potential
compare to ascorbic acid. Both seeds could be a good source of vital fatty
acids and amino acids. The seed cake can also serve as viable source of
amino acids which could help the world to fight protein deficiency.
Keywords: Proximate analysis, Amino acid profile, Antioxidants,
Momordica charantia, Citrullus vulgaris.
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Citation
Proximate analysis, Amino acid profile, Antioxidants, Momordica charantia, Citrullus vulgaris.