Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous Leaf Extract and n-Butanol Fraction of Croton zambesicus Muell Arg.

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dc.contributor.authorAyanniyi, R.O.
dc.contributor.authorOjuade, F.I.
dc.contributor.authorOlumoh-Abdul, H.A.
dc.contributor.authorAiyelero, O.M.
dc.contributor.authorFabunmi, O.A.
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-09T07:59:41Z
dc.date.available2023-05-09T07:59:41Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractCroton zambesicus Muell Arg. (Euphorbiaceace) is a plant indigenous to West Africa and has been found to be useful in management of chronic diseases including; hypertension diabetes mellitus and gastric ulcer. These diseases are deeply rooted in inflammation, the WHO has advocated for evaluation of herbal medicines with ameliorative potentials to promote the use of effective ones and discourage the use of toxic ethno medicines. Hence, the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract and n-butanol fraction of Croton zambesicus were evaluated. The total phenolics and flavonoids, vitamin A, C and E content were determined using spectrophotometric analysis. Inflammation was achieved using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in rats. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 0.392 mg/g gallic acid equivalent and 0.149 mg/g quercetin equivalent respectively. The vitamin A, C and E concentration were found to be 0.13, 5.9 and 0.02 mg in 100 g of dried plant material, respectively. Administration of carrageenan significantly (p˂0.05) increased the hind paw sizes of the animals and the administration of both extracts significantly (p˂0.05) reduced hind paw edema in a non-dose dependent manner. At 180 minutes after the induction of inflammation, aqueous extract (100 mg/kg) and n-butanol fraction (5 mg/kg) of Croton zambesicus showed 70.53% and 57.89% inhibition of the hind paw edema. The result is comparable to the effect of diclofenac at 180 minutes with 73.68% inhibition. Results from this study shows the aqueous leaf extract of Croton zambesicus and n-butanol fraction has anti inflammatory activity. This may be attributed to the presence of phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant compounds present in the leaf extract.en_US
dc.identifier.issn:2579-0455
dc.identifier.urihttps://uilspace.unilorin.edu.ng/handle/20.500.12484/9762
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin.en_US
dc.subjectAnti-inflammatory, Aqueous, n-butanol, Carrageenan, Croton zambesicus, flavonoids Phenolicsen_US
dc.titleAnti-inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous Leaf Extract and n-Butanol Fraction of Croton zambesicus Muell Arg.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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