Gene frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) blood group alleles in Minna, North-Central Nigeria
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2015
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Anifowoshe A.T., Oyeyemi, B.F., Iyiola, O.A., Ahmed, I.O., Akinseye, K.M., & Akinsowon A.J. (2015). Gene frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) blood group alleles in Minna, North-Central Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied ScieFaculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Available online at https://njpas.com.ng/archive/njpas-2015-volume-28/
Abstract
Due to its genetic and medical importance, information on distribution and prevalence of ABO
and Rhesus blood type is germane in a society. There is dearth of information in Minna Northcentral
Nigeria, it was thus imperative to study its prevalence and allelic frequencies of ABO and
Rhesus blood types in the state. This investigation examined the prevalence and gene frequencies
for the ABO and Rh (D) alleles in Minna North-central Nigeria, from January 2008 to December
2012 (5 years). Retrospective data for 13937 individuals were extracted over this period for
prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups. This was employed to evaluate the genotypic and
allelic frequencies based on Hardy–Weinberg (H-W) equations. Chi-square goodness-of-fit test
was also calculated to compare observed and expected frequencies. This study recorded
prevalence rate of 44.457%, 25.544%, 19.294%, and 10.705% for O, A, B and AB blood group
respectively while 96.721% and 3.279% were Rhesus D positive and negative respectively.
Allelic frequencies of the ABO blood groups include O (0.667), A (0.170), B (0.163), and D
(0.818) and d (0.182) for Rhesus D positive and Rhesus d negative respectively. On the other
hand genotypic frequencies reported were 0.445, 0.029, 0.227, 0.027, 0.217 and 0.055 for OO,
AA, AO, BB, BO and AB respectively. All frequencies reported in this study differ significantly
from H-W equilibrium (goodness-of-fit X2 for ABO =819.58, df=3, P≤0.05 and goodness-of-fit
X2 for Rh= 0.091, df =1, P≤0.05). This pioneering study on ABO and Rhesus blood types in
Minna strengthens and corroborates the fact that there is genetic variation in ABO and Rhesus
blood types. In future results from this study can act as baseline information for geneticist,
clinicians and allied professional on the distribution of these germane blood types in Minna.
Keywords: Blood groups, Rhesus, alleles frequencies, gene frequencies
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2. Anifowoshe A.T., Oyeyemi, B.F., Iyiola, O.A., Ahmed, I.O., Akinseye, K.M., & Akinsowon A.J. (2015). Gene frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) blood group alleles in Minna, North-Central Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Science. 28: 2644 - 2657, Published by Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Available online at https://njpas.com.ng/archive/njpas-2015-volume-28/ ***