Ambali, S.F., Shittu, M., Akorede, G.J., Olatunji, A., Aremu, A., Ibrahim, N.D.G. and Ramon-Yusuf, S.B. (2018). Oxidative stress involvement in chronic chlorpyrifos -induced hepatocellular injury: Alleviating effect of vitamin C. Savannah Veterinary Journal1(1): 1-9. doi: 10.36759/svj.2017.009.Published by Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin. Available at: https://savannahveterinaryjournal.com.ng/issues/4.pdf
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Date
2018
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Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin
Abstract
Introduction: Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a phosphorothionate chlorinated organophosphate (OP) insecticide is wide ly used in agriculture and public health. Like other OP insecticides, its main mechanism of toxicity is the inhi bition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) leading to cholinergic syndrome. Since toxicity occurs at doses that do
not inhibit AChE or long after its restoration, other mechanisms including the induction of oxidative stress
have been widely implicated. The present study was aimed at evaluating the mitigating effect of vitamin C on
CPF-induced hepatocellular injury in Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of five animals in each group. The four
groups were exposed by gavage to soya oil (2 ml/kg), vitamin C (100 mg/kg), CPF (10.6 mg/kg~1/8th LD50)
and vitamin C (100 mg/kg) + CPF (10.6 mg/kg; 30 min later), respectively for 17 weeks. The sera obtained
from blood samples collected from the animals were analysed for the levels of total proteins, albumin, aspar tate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), -glutamyl trans ferase (GGT) while globulin concentration and albumin/globulin ratio were calculated. The liver homogenate
was evaluated for the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and
histological changes.
Results: The study showed that CPF altered the levels of the serum hepatic enzymes, hepatic MDA SOD and
CAT, in addition to inducing hepatocellular degeneration. All these parameters were alleviated by pre treatment with vitamin C.
Significance: CPF-induced hepatocellular injury which was partly due to oxidative changes was mitigated by
vitamin C partly due to its antioxidative activity.
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Keywords
Chlorpyrifos, Hepatocellular injury, Oxidative stress, alleviation, Vitamin C.