Pharmacotherapy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Clinical Practice: a comprehensive review of the treatment options

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating effective treatment strategies to manage its complex pathophysiology. This review critically examined the current treatment regimens employed in clinical practice in managing T2DM. Methods: This was a narrative review. A detailed electronic search of published articles, from 2004 to 2024, on diabetes mellitus care and treatment using pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches was conducted. Searches were performed on PubMed, Cochrane libraries, Google and Semantic Scholar. Advanced Boolean searches were utilized for focused results, limited to English language articles. Conclusion: The review aims to contribute valuable insights to clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals involved in the care and treatment of individuals with T2DM, fostering an evidence-based and patient-centered approaches to diabetes management will reduce the burden of the disease in terms of morbidity and mortality